Santiago Rusiñol
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Santiago Rusiñol i Prats (, ; Barcelona 25 February 1861 – Aranjuez 13 June 1931) was a Spanish
painter Painting is a Visual arts, visual art, which is characterized by the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called "matrix" or "Support (art), support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with ...
,
poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator (thought, thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral t ...
,
journalist A journalist is a person who gathers information in the form of text, audio or pictures, processes it into a newsworthy form and disseminates it to the public. This is called journalism. Roles Journalists can work in broadcast, print, advertis ...
, collector and
playwright A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes play (theatre), plays, which are a form of drama that primarily consists of dialogue between Character (arts), characters and is intended for Theatre, theatrical performance rather than just Readin ...
. He was one of the leaders of the Catalan '' modernisme'' movement. He created more than a thousand paintings and wrote numerous works in Catalan and Spanish.


Life and friends

He was born in
Barcelona Barcelona ( ; ; ) is a city on the northeastern coast of Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second-most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within c ...
in 1861 into a textile industrialist family from Manlleu, where they owned the
textile mill Textile manufacturing or textile engineering is a major industry. It is largely based on the conversion of fibre into yarn, then yarn into fabric. These are then dyed or printed, fabricated into cloth which is then converted into useful good ...
town known as Can Ramissa. Santiago Rusiñol appears in the civil registry with the names of Jaume Jacint Lluís, rather than Santiago. Despite being the inheritor of the family business, he developed in his adolescence an interest in art which would go on to be his life's work. On 19 June 1886, he married Lluïsa Denís Reverter. The following year, his daughter, Maria Agustina, was born. A few months later, however, his restless nature, lack of interest in the family business, and desire to paint and travel led him to hand over the company's management to his brother Albert, a businessman and politician. Santiago thereafter began to travel through Catalonia, Spain, France, and Italy. Travel would go on to be a constant in his life. In 1888, he established himself as a writer, regularly contributing to the newspaper ''
La Vanguardia ' (; , ) is a Spanish daily newspaper founded in 1881. It is printed in Spanish and, since 3 May 2011, also in Catalan. It has its headquarters in Barcelona and is Catalonia's leading newspaper. Despite being mostly distributed in Catalonia, ...
''. In 1889 he broke off ties with his family, a rupture that lasted ten years, although he kept in touch with his daughter. That same year he went to study in Paris, where he lived on and off for the next decade. In 1893, he set up his studio in
Sitges ; , ) is a town about 35 kilometres southwest of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain, renowned worldwide for Sitges Film Festival, its film festival, Carnival, and LGBTQ culture. Located between the Garraf Massif and the Mediterranean Sea, it is know ...
, which today stands as the Cau Ferrat. Sitges became a modernist reference point for artists, writers and musicians, including Rusiñol, and modernist festivals, combining theatre, poetry, painting and music were organized there. He continued to write, chiefly narrative works and poems in prose. Some of his novels were adapted and performed in the theatre, such as '' L'auca del senyor Esteve'', written in 1907 and released a few years later. In the first decade of the twentieth century, he consolidated his prestige as a prolific painter and writer, both in Barcelona and throughout Spain and Paris. In 1899, due to a severe illness, he was reunited with his wife. When he recovered, he returned to France with his family to detoxify from morphine addiction. He became an official member of the
Paris Salon The Salon (), or rarely Paris Salon (French: ''Salon de Paris'' ), beginning in 1667 was the official art exhibition of the in Paris. Between 1748 and 1890 it was arguably the greatest annual or biennial art event in the Western world. At the ...
in 1908. He was also part of the famous social gatherings of the Els Quatre Gats brewery on Carrer de Montsió in Barcelona run by :ca:Pere Romeu i Borràs, a place of social gathering and an alternative art room, and frequented by a young
Pablo Picasso Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, Ceramic art, ceramicist, and Scenic ...
. He maintained close friendships with the painter Ramon Casas and the sculptor Enric Clarasó until his death. In the following two decades, his prestige grew in Barcelona despite disagreements with Noucentista artists and critics of the time (notably with the art critic Eugenio d'Ors, who wrote in the newspaper '' La Veu de Catalunya''). In 1917, he was awarded the
Legion of Honor The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and civil. Currently consisting of five classes, it was ...
by the French government. He died in Aranjuez in 1931.Carlos González López, Montse Martí (1989). ''Pintores españoles en París (1850-1900)''. Tusquets. p. 222.
Manuel Azaña Manuel Azaña Díaz (; 10 January 1880 – 3 November 1940) was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain, Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1933 and 1936), organizer of the Popular Front in 1935 and the la ...
, president of the Spanish Republic's provisional government, ordered an official funeral in Madrid. Rusiñol was later buried in Barcelona.


Pictorial artwork

He studied at the studio of the painter Tomàs Moragas, where he learned drawing and various techniques, such as oil and
watercolor Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (Commonwealth English; see American and British English spelling differences#-our, -or, spelling differences), also ''aquarelle'' (; from Italian diminutive of Latin 'water'), is a painting metho ...
. He first showed his work at the Sala Parés, in Barcelona, in 1879, in a collective exhibition; he would work with this gallery throughout his life. He also painting landscapes, figures, and literary scenes as opposed to the historical themes which at the time were fashionable. His work often depicted depicting natural scenes of Catalan landscapes. He also painted scenes related to work and of the urban landscape, displaying characters in natural attitudes or engaged in their daily tasks. His work was generally well-received by critics of the time. In 1888, he had his first solo exhibition in the Parés Gallery, published articles in the newspaper La Vanguardia, exhibited for the first time at the Paris Salon, and participated in the Barcelona World's Fair.


Gallery

File:Santiago_Rusiñol_-_Bridge_over_a_River_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg, ''Bridge over a River'', File:Carrer de Rouen.JPG, ''Street in
Rouen Rouen (, ; or ) is a city on the River Seine, in northwestern France. It is in the prefecture of Regions of France, region of Normandy (administrative region), Normandy and the Departments of France, department of Seine-Maritime. Formerly one ...
'' File:Santiago Rusiñol, 1889 - Herrero.jpg, ''Blacksmith'', 1889 File:Santiago Rusinol Figure Study.jpg, ''Figure Study'', 1890s File:Santiago Rusiñol y Ramon Casas retratandose.jpg, Santiago Rusiñol and Ramon Casas painting each other, 1890 File:(Barcelona) Retrat de Miquel Utrillo by Santiago Rusiñol in MNAC.jpg, ''Portrait of Miquel Utrillo'', c. 1890-1891 File:Santiago Rusiñol - Romantic Novel - Google Art Project.jpg, ''Romantic Novel'', 1894 File:Santiago Rusiñol - A Romance - Google Art Project.jpg, ''A Romance'', 1894 (depicting
Erik Satie Eric Alfred Leslie Satie (born 17 May 18661 July 1925), better known as Erik Satie, was a French composer and pianist. The son of a French father and a British mother, he studied at the Conservatoire de Paris, Paris Conservatoire but was an undi ...
and Stéphanie Nantas) File:Santiago Rusinol Terraced Garden in Mallorca 1904.jpg, ''Terraced Garden in
Mallorca Mallorca, or Majorca, is the largest of the Balearic Islands, which are part of Spain, and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, seventh largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. The capital of the island, Palma, Majorca, Palma, i ...
'' (1904) File:Rusiñol. Girona.jpg, ''
Girona Girona (; ) is the capital city of the Province of Girona in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 106,476 in 2024, but the p ...
'', 1909 File:1907 Rusinol Garten von Aranjuez anagoria.JPG, ''Gardens of
Aranjuez Aranjuez () is a city and municipality of Spain, part of the Community of Madrid. Located in the southern end of the region, the main urban nucleus lies on the left bank of the Tagus, a bit upstream of the discharge of the Jarama. , the munici ...
'', 1911 File:Santiago Rusinol Terraced Garden in Mallorca 1911.jpg, ''Terraced Garden in Mallorca'', 1911 File:Rusinyol-JardiSenyorial-2609sh.jpg, ''Stately Garden'', Palma de Mallorca, 1912 File:Santiago Rusiñol - Blue Courtyard. Arenys de Munt - Google Art Project.jpg, ''Blue Courtyard. Arenys de Munt'', 1913 File:Santiago Rusiñol - Paseo de los plátanos.JPG, ''Platans'', 1916 File:Santiago Rusiñol - Sendero en um parque.JPG, ''Path in a Park'', c. 1920-1925 File:Santiago Rusiñol - Interior del palacio de Víznar.jpg, Interior of the Víznar palace


See also

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List of Orientalist artists This is an incomplete list of artists who have produced works on Orientalism#Orientalist art, Orientalist subjects, drawn from the Islamic world or other parts of Asia. Many artists listed on this page worked in many genres, and Orientalist subj ...
*
Orientalism In art history, literature, and cultural studies, Orientalism is the imitation or depiction of aspects of the Eastern world (or "Orient") by writers, designers, and artists from the Western world. Orientalist painting, particularly of the Middle ...


References


Further reading

* Vázquez, Oscar E., "Beauty Buried in its Own Cemetery: Santiago Rusiñol's 'Jardins d'Espanya' as Reliquaries of Aristocratic History." ''Word & Image'' 2, no.1 (January–March, 1995), 61–76


External links

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Web about the Rusiñol Year in Sitges
An extensive view on the life and works of Rusiñol as painter and writer {{DEFAULTSORT:Rusinol, Santiago 1861 births 1931 deaths Burials at Montjuïc Cemetery Painters from Catalonia Catalan-language writers Painters from Barcelona Modernisme writers Modernisme painters Spanish Orientalist painters Post-impressionist painters Spanish dramatists and playwrights Spanish male dramatists and playwrights Spanish male poets People of Montmartre