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Aranjuez
Aranjuez () is a city and municipality of Spain, part of the Community of Madrid. Located in the southern end of the region, the main urban nucleus lies on the left bank of the Tagus, a bit upstream of the discharge of the Jarama. , the municipality has a registered population of 59,762. Aranjuez became one of the Patrimonio Nacional, Royal Estates of the Monarchy of Spain, Crown of Spain in 1560, during the reign of Philip II of Spain, Philip II. Until 1752, only royalty and nobility were allowed to dwell in the town. The cultural landscape of Aranjuez was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2001. Name There are several theories about the origin of the name. The most widely-accepted one states that it comes from Basque language, Basque and derives it from ''arantza'' ("Crataegus, hawthorn" in English). Another theory, attributed to Padre Martín Sarmiento, a Benedictine scholar who lived about a century after the founder of Aranjuez, Philip II of Spain, claims the or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palacio Real De Aranjuez
The Royal Palace of Aranjuez () is one of the official residences of the Spanish royal family. It is located in the town of Aranjuez (Community of Madrid, Madrid), Spain. Established in the 16th century as a royal hunting lodge, the palace was built by order of Philip II of Spain, Philip II. Under his reign it became one of four seasonal seats of the court along Rascafría, El Escorial and the Royal Alcázar of Madrid. The royal estate comprises a set of landscaped and ornate gardens and woodlands that house an extensive botanical collection. Several Treaty of Aranjuez (other), international treaties were signed there and several members of the royal family died in the palace, including: Elisabeth of Valois in 1568, Barbara of Portugal in 1758, Elisabeth Farnese in 1766, Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily, Maria Antonia of Naples in 1806, Maria Isabel of Braganza in 1818 and Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony in 1828. In 1931, during the Second Spanish Republic, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Community Of Madrid
The Community of Madrid (; ) is one of the seventeen autonomous communities and 50 provinces of Spain, provinces of Spain. It is located at the heart of the Iberian Peninsula and Meseta Central, Central Plateau (); its capital and largest municipality is Madrid. The Community of Madrid is bounded to the south and east by Castilla–La Mancha and to the north and west by Castile and León. It was formally created in 1983, in order to address the particular status of the city of Madrid as the capital of the Spanish State and in urban hierarchy. Its boundaries are coextensive with those of the province of Madrid, which was until then conventionally included in the historical region of New Castile (Spain), New Castile (''Castilla la Nueva''). The Community of Madrid is the third most populous in Spain with 7,058,041 (2024) inhabitants, roughly a seventh of the national total, mostly concentrated in the metropolitan area of Madrid. It is also the most densely populated autonomous comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrimonio Nacional
Patrimonio Nacional () is a Spanish autonomous agency, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Presidency, Justice and Relations with the Cortes, that administers the sites owned by the Spanish State and used by the Monarch and the royal family as residences and for State ceremonies. The Patrimonio Nacional includes palaces, gardens, monasteries and convents, called the Royal sites. When not in official use, the Royal sites are open to the public. It also manages the official and holiday residences of the Prime Minister. The agency was first created in 1865 during the reign of Isabella II under the name of ''Patrimonio de la Corona'' (). During the reign of her grandson, Alfonso XIII, it was also known as ''Patrimonio Real'' (). The second republic (1931–1939) kept the agency under the name of ''Patrimonio de la República'' ,(), and it has been called by its current name since in 1940, when it was renamed ''Patrimonio National'' by the dictator Francisco Franco. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tagus
The Tagus ( ; ; ) is the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula. The river rises in the Montes Universales between Cuenca and Teruel, in mid-eastern Spain, flows , generally westward, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean in Lisbon. Name The river's Latin name is ''Tagus''. While the etymology is unclear, the most probable etymological origin for the hydronym ''Tagus'' is Indo-European *(s)tag- ('to drip'). Geography Source The Tagus River originates at an elevation of 1,593 meters above sea level in a place known as Fuente García, within the municipality of Frías de Albarracín in Teruel, Spain. Its source is located between the Muela de San Juan (1,830 m) and Cerro de San Felipe (1,839 m), in the Sierra de Albarracín, which belongs to the Montes Universales in the western branch of the Iberian System. Course The river flows through Spain for , passing through four autonomous communities (Aragón, Castilla-La Mancha, Madrid, and Extremadura) and a total of six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jarama
Jarama () is a river in central Spain. It flows north to south and passes east of Madrid where the El Atazar Dam is built on a tributary, the Lozoya River. It flows into the river Tagus in Aranjuez. The Manzanares is a tributary of the Jarama. The Jarama in history The Jarama was the scene of fierce fighting in 1937 during the Spanish Civil War. Nationalist forces crossed the river in an attempt to cut the main road from Madrid to the Republican capital at Valencia. Nationalist forces led by Spanish Legionnaires and Moroccan soldiers (Regulares) of the Army of Africa were confronted by forces from the Republic including the 15th International Brigade. The song Jarama Valley, with lyrics referencing the battle, became popular among the Republican battalions. In fiction ''El Jarama'' is a 1955 novel by Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio about a group of working-class youngsters from Madrid meeting for a picnic by the river on a summer day. Its realistic dialog renovated Spani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Bautista De Toledo
Juan Bautista de Toledo (c. 1515 – 19 May 1567) was a Spanish architect. He was educated in Italy, in the Italian High Renaissance. As many Italian renaissance architects, he had experience in both architecture and military and civil public works. He was born, either in Toledo or in Madrid, around 1515. He died on 19 May 1567 in Madrid, and was buried in Madrid in the choir of the primitive “ Convento de Santo Tomás, Iglesia de la Santa Cruz”. Career De Toledo perhaps started his career in architecture in Rome, between 1534 and 1541, working for Michelangelo and Pope Paul III (Alessandro Farnese), completing the courtyard of Palazzo Farnese. Then, possibly, he continued his training in the construction site of St. Peter's Basilica, under the direction of Antonio da Sangallo the Younger. Another hypothesis is that he worked for Antonio da Sangallo the Younger in both Fortaleza da Basso, Florence and St. Peter’s Basilica of Rome. Juan Bautista de Toledo, an enigmatic an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Fernández De Castro (Grand Master Of The Order Of Santiago)
Pedro Fernández de Castro, also known as Pedro Fernández de Fuentecalada ( – 1184), was the first Grand Master of the Order of Santiago and the founder of the Monastery of Santa Cruz de Valcárcel. He was a Spanish nobleman and a member of the House of Castro. Family origins Pedro was the son of Fernando García de Hita, founder of the powerful Castro family, by his wife Estefanía Ermengol, daughter of Ermengol V, Count of Urgell. Biography Pedro fought in the army of Alfonso VII of León and Castile in the conquest of Aurelia and Alharilla in the present day area of Santa Cruz de la Zarza. Later in 1146, he participated in further military campaigns, assisting in the occupation of Baeza and the landings in Almería. These actions were an important part of the overall military campaign because they devastated the Moorish navy and largely removed them from the war at large. Later, while crusading in the Holy Land, he decided to create a new military order dedica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Oreja
The siege of Oreja was a siege by the forces of Alfonso VII, Emperor of Spain, that lasted from April until October 1139 when the Almoravid garrison surrendered. It was the first major victory of the renewed ''Reconquista'' that characterised the last two decades of Alfonso's reign. The (''Aurelia'') was located in the left (southern) bank of the Tagus, within the current-day limits of the Spanish municipality of Ontígola. Principal sources The main source for the siege of Oreja is the contemporary '' Chronica Adefonsi imperatoris'', a narrative of Alfonso's reign in two books. According to this source, at the time it was "the largest campaign that had been conducted in the combined regions of Toledo and Extremadura."Book II, §156. Historian Bernard Reilly has succinctly explained the "virtues and vices" of the ''Chronica'' as a reliable historical account: ". . . the second book of the 'Chronica''is made up largely of a series of popular tales originally composed separate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso VIII
Alfonso VIII (11 November 11555 October 1214), called the Noble (El Noble) or the one of Las Navas (el de las Navas), was King of Castile from 1158 to his death and King of Toledo. After having suffered a great defeat with his own army at Alarcos against the Almohads in 1195, he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohads in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212, an event which marked the arrival of a tide of Christian supremacy on the Iberian Peninsula. His reign saw the domination of Castile over León and, by his alliance with Aragon, he drew those two spheres of Christian Iberia into close connection. Regency and civil war Alfonso was born to Sancho III of Castile and Blanche, in Soria on 11 November 1155. He was named after his grandfather Alfonso VII of León and Castile, who divided his kingdoms between his sons. This division set the stage for conflict in the family until the kingdoms were re-united by Alfon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Santiago
The Order of Santiago (; ) is a religious and military order founded in the 12th century. It owes its name to the patron saint of Spain, ''Santiago'' ( St. James the Greater). Its initial objective was to protect the pilgrims on the Way of St. James, to defend Christendom and to remove the Muslim Moors from the Iberian Peninsula with the Reconquista. Entrance was not restricted to nobility of Spain exclusively, and some members have been Catholic Europeans from other parts of Europe. The Order's insignia is particularly recognisable and abundant in Western art. With the culmination of the Reconquista and the death of the Grand Master Alonso de Cárdenas, the Catholic Monarchs incorporated the Order into the Spanish Crown, and the Pope Adrian VI forever united the office of Grand Master of Santiago to the Crown in 1523. The First Republic suppressed the Order in 1873, but it was re-established in the Restoration as a nobiliary institute of honorable character. The Orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Charles V
Charles V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (as Charles I) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy (as Charles II) from 1506 to 1555. He was heir to and then head of the rising House of Habsburg. His dominions in Europe included the Holy Roman Empire, extending from Kingdom of Germany, Germany to Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire), northern Italy with rule over the Austrian hereditary lands and Burgundian Low Countries, and Habsburg Spain, Spain with its possessions of the southern Italy, southern Italian kingdoms of Kingdom of Naples, Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily and Kingdom of Sardinia (1324–1720), Sardinia. In the Americas, he oversaw the continuation of Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish colonization and a short-lived German colonization of the Americas, German colonization. The personal union of the Empire of Charles V, European a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diputación Provincial De Toledo
The Provincial Deputation of Toledo (Spanish: ''Diputación Provincial de Toledo'') or Provincial Council of Toledo is the institution charged with the government and administration of the Spanish province of Toledo. History Following the 1812 Constitution, the first deputation should have convened on 14 August 1813, although there are no records of meetings for such period neither for the Trienio Liberal. Following the 1833 division of Spain and the ensuing 1835 decree on the creation of provincial deputations, the provincial deputation of Toledo was definitely installed on 3 January 1836. Santiago Villa, from Torrijos, became the first president of the provincial corporation. The provincial deputation opened its current headquarters in 1899. Structure The composition of its deliberative assembly or plenary (''pleno'') is indirectly determined on the basis of its election by the elected municipal councillors of all ''ayuntamientos''. The partisan distribution of the plen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
