Samuel Bogusław Chyliński
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Samuel Bogusław Chyliński () (1631–1668) was the
translator Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between ''trans ...
and
publisher Publishing is the activities of making information, literature, music, software, and other content, physical or digital, available to the public for sale or free of charge. Traditionally, the term publishing refers to the creation and distribu ...
of the first translation of the Bible into Lithuanian.


Life

Samuel Bogusław Chyliński born in Šventežeris to a family of a Calvinist preacher Adrian Chyliński (1586–1656) and mother from the Lithuanian nobleman Minvydas branch. Samuel spoke Lithuanian since his childhood. Apparently Chyliński studied in
Franeker Franeker (; ) is one of the eleven historical City rights in the Low Countries, cities of Friesland and capital of the municipality of Waadhoeke. It is located north of the Van Harinxmakanaal and about west of Leeuwarden. As of 2023, it had 13,0 ...
,
Friesland Friesland ( ; ; official ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia (), named after the Frisians, is a Provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen (p ...
, The Netherlands, before 1651 and was later staying in Britsum, Friesland according to an inscription in the church register of Britsum of 1651, in which a ''D'' (''dominee'' = vicar) is put before his name. Since 1657 Chyliński studied in Oxford. As a main source and reference for his Lithuanian Bible translation Chyliński used the Dutch '' Statenvertaling''. He produced his work in
Oxford Oxford () is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city and non-metropolitan district in Oxfordshire, England, of which it is the county town. The city is home to the University of Oxford, the List of oldest universities in continuou ...
and printed it in
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
. 15 Oxford
professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...
s signed a certificate that Chylinski was "a learned and polite scholar". In 1659, Chyliński published a pamphlet ''An account of the translation of the Bible into the Lithuanian tongue'' in English in which he claimed to have translated the whole of the Bible. The aim of the pamphlet was to raise funds for the printing of his translation. The printing of the translation started in 1660, but was interrupted due to disagreements among Lithuanian Protestants.


Translation of the Bible

There are known three printed copies of Chylinski’s Bible - The Old Testament. The so-called Berlin copy is missing since World War II, the Vilnius copy has been lost since 1918, the only one surviving fragment of The Old Testament (176 pages) is in the British Library’s collections. The manuscript of The New Testament translation has also survived and being stored in the British Library.


See also

* Lithuanian literature * Jonas Bretkūnas


References


External links


interactive digital version of Chylinski’s translation of the New Testament
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chylinski, Samuel Boguslaw 1631 births 1668 deaths People from Alytus County Translators of the Bible into Lithuanian Alumni of the University of Oxford 17th-century translators