The SZD-14X Jaskółka M was a single-seat glider designed and built in
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
at ''
Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny
Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny (SZD), ''Glider Experimental Works'' was a glider aircraft, glider design and research centre of the Polish aerospace industry after World War II, located in Bielsko-Biała. Through its history it underwent many o ...
'' - Glider Experimental Works in
Bielsko-Biała
Bielsko-Biała (; ; , ; ) is a city in southern Poland, with a population of approximately 166,765 as of December 2022, making it the List of cities and towns in Poland#Largest cities and towns by population, 22nd largest city in Poland, and an a ...
in 1954. This was an experimental prototype, and only one unit was constructed.
[ ]
Development
The SZD-14X Jaskółka M was developed from the
SZD-8bis Jaskółka (''Swallow'') for research into the construction, control and characteristics of
'V' or butterfly tail surfaces.
[Simons, Martin. Sailplanes 1945-1965 2nd revised ed. EQIP Werbung und Verlag G.m.b.H.. Königswinter. 2006. ] Using the airframe of the second prototype SZD-8 a 'V' tail was added to the rear fuselage, with arrangements for the balance of the surfaces and the angle between them to be adjusted as required.
The designer was Tadeusz Kostia, the constructor was
Władysław Okarmus Władysław is a Polish given male name, cognate with Vladislav. The feminine form is Władysława, archaic forms are Włodzisław (male) and Włodzisława (female), and Wladislaw is a variation. These names may refer to:
People Mononym
*Włodzis ...
.
[Babiejczuk, Grzegorzewski. ''Polski przemysł lotniczy 1945-1973'', p. 120]
First flown by
Adam Zientek
Adam is the name given in Genesis 1–5 to the first human. Adam is the first human-being aware of God, and features as such in various belief systems (including Judaism, Christianity, Gnosticism and Islam).
According to Christianity, Adam sin ...
at Bielsko on 23 July 1954,
the SZD-14 was found to be easy to fly with no vices, giving no indication that the tail layout was unconventional.
During spinning tests the rear fuselage was almost torn off, but the pilot (Dziurzyński) managed to regain control and recovered the aircraft to land safely.
Up to the time of the SZD-14's debut, the 'V' tail system was rare, with few aircraft using the system devised by Eng.
Jerzy Rudlicki
Jerzy Rudlicki (Polish pronunciation: ; 14 March 1893 – 18 August 1977) was a Polish pilot and aerospace engineer. Best known for his inventing and patenting of the V-tail, which is an aircraft tail configuration that combines the rudder and e ...
and demonstrated on a licence-built
Hanriot HD.14 biplane in the early 1930s.
[Cynk, Jerzy B.. “Polish Aircraft 1893–1939”. London, Putnam. 1971. ]
Specifications (SZD-14x Jaskółka M)
See also
References
*Taylor, J. H. (ed) (1989) ''Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation''. Studio Editions: London. p. 29
*Cynk, Jerzy B.. “Polish Aircraft 1893–1939”. London, Putnam. 1971.
*Simons, Martin. Sailplanes 1945-1965 2nd revised edition. EQIP Werbung und Verlag G.m.b.H.. Königswinter. 2006.
* Babiejczuk, Janusz and Grzegorzewski, Jerzy. ''Polski przemysł lotniczy 1945-1973''
olish aerospace industry 1945-1973 Warsaw: Wydawnictwo MON, 1974
External links
*http://www.piotrp.de/SZYBOWCE/pszd14.htm
{{DEFAULTSORT:SZD-14x Jaskolka M
1950s Polish sailplanes
SZD aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1954
V-tail aircraft