Rundfunk Anstalt Südtirol
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The Rundfunkanstalt Südtirol (
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
: ''Radiotelevisione Azienda Speciale'', Ladin: ''Radiotelevijion- Azienda per Südtirol'') is a
public broadcasting Public broadcasting (or public service broadcasting) is radio, television, and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service with a commitment to avoiding political and commercial influence. Public broadcasters receive f ...
service, completely funded by grants of the
provincial government A state government is the government that controls a subdivision of a country in a federal form of government, which shares political power with the federal or national government. A state government may have some level of political autonomy, o ...
, for the majority German-speaking province of
South Tyrol South Tyrol ( , ; ; ), officially the Autonomous Province of Bolzano – South Tyrol, is an autonomous administrative division, autonomous provinces of Italy, province in northern Italy. Together with Trentino, South Tyrol forms the autonomo ...
, Italy whose purpose is to relay programmes from the public broadcasters of
Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...
,
Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
,
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
and Romansh Switzerland. The agency has its headquarters in the province's capital city
Bolzano Bolzano ( ; ; or ) is the capital city of South Tyrol (officially the province of Bolzano), Northern Italy. With a population of 108,245, Bolzano is also by far the largest city in South Tyrol and the third largest in historical Tyrol. The ...
. RAS is not related to the regional trilingual programme of
RAI (), commercially styled as since 2000 and known until 1954 as (RAI), is the national public broadcasting company of Italy, owned by the Ministry of Economy and Finance. RAI operates many terrestrial and subscription television channels a ...
, the Italian public broadcaster.


History

When television broadcasts began in South Tyrol in 1957, the German-speaking population of South Tyrol asked for the reception of German-language television stations from abroad but it wasn't possible because RAI has the monopoly to have radio and television stations. In 1966 the Italian Government in
Rome Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...
created the German-speaking broadcast of RAI from Bolzano called
Rai Südtirol Rai Südtirol is a German-language radio and television service provided by the Italian public-service broadcaster RAI to South Tyrol from its studios in Bozen, comprising two services: * Rai Südtirol (TV channel), a television channel * Rai Süd ...
(back then Rai Sender Bozen) but the German-speaking population just wanted to have the possibility to watch the television station from Austria and perceived the offer from Rome suspiciously. The German-speaking broadcast of the government-owned RAI was seen as a way to control the process of autonomy in the province. After the Second Statute of Autonomy came into force in 1972, the provincial government for South Tyrol promised to create an agency whose purpose was to relay programmes from Austria and other German-speaking countries. The autonomous statute says that: ''The Province shall have the power to issue laws on local artistic, cultural and educational events and activities, and also through the media of radio and television, but without the power to set up radio and television stations''. The RAS was founded as an organisation on 5 January 1975 and nowadays owns all transmitter towers in South Tyrol and has worked for the digitisation of its broadcasting system. RAS cooperates with the local civil protection corps to give information to the people of South Tyrol in case of emergency.


Organization

RAS is a public company which is formed by a board elected for 2/3 by the Government of the Autonomous Province of South Tyrol. According to the agency the RAS employs 26 workers. While the Italian public broadcaster RAI is funded by
licence fee A television licence or broadcast receiving licence is a payment required in many countries for the reception of television broadcasts or the possession of a television set. In some countries, a licence is also required to own a radio or rece ...
s and
advertising Advertising is the practice and techniques employed to bring attention to a Product (business), product or Service (economics), service. Advertising aims to present a product or service in terms of utility, advantages, and qualities of int ...
, RAS is completely funded by provincial funds. All the public broadcasters give the possibility to RAS to relay their programmes without any cost (provincial citizens don't have to pay extra license fees). South Tyrol is actually the only province in Italy to have two public broadcasting services operating - the provincial German-language broadcast from RAI and the 6 RAS TV channels. The general director is Georg Plattner.


Programmes


Television

RAS relays television stations from the public broadcasters of Austria, Germany and Switzerland in
digital terrestrial television Digital terrestrial television (DTTV, DTT, or DTTB) is a technology for terrestrial television, in which television stations broadcast television content in a digital signal, digital format. Digital terrestrial television is a major technologica ...
using
DVB-T DVB-T, short for Digital Video Broadcasting – Terrestrial, is the DVB European-based consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital terrestrial television that was first published in 1997 and first broadcast in Singapore in Fe ...
.
Analogue television Analog television is the original television technology that uses analog signals to transmit video and audio. In an analog television broadcast, the brightness, colors and sound are represented by amplitude, phase and frequency of an analog ...
was used between 1974 until the completion of the digitization process. Until the completion of the digitization process, the digital-only channels cannot be seen in either analog or vice versa. The network has completed its digitization process which started in 2007 and completed in November 2009. In some areas the terrestrial reception of some channels is not possible. The on-screen-design of RAS is a small writing down on the right of the screen. Television channels carried by RAS: Since 1975:
ORF 1 ORF 1 (''ORF eins'', ''Österreichischer Rundfunk 1'') is an Austrian public television channel owned by ORF. It was the first television channel in Austria, started in 1955, with regular programming started in 1957 when it now operated six days ...
,
ZDF ZDF (), short for (; ), is a German public-service television broadcaster based in Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate. Launched on 1 April 1963, it is run as an independent nonprofit institution, and was founded by all federal states of Germany ( ...

Since 1988:
Das Erste Das Erste (; "The First") is the flagship national television channel of the ARD (broadcaster), ARD association of public broadcasting corporations in Germany. ''Das Erste'' is jointly operated by the ARD (broadcaster)#Institutions and member org ...
, SF 1 (now SRF 1),
ORF 2 ORF 2 (''ORF zwei'', ''Österreichischer Rundfunk 2'') is an Austrian public television channel owned by ORF. It was launched on 11 September 1961 as a technical test programme. Today it is one of the four public TV channels in Austria. ORF& ...

Since 2005: SF 2 (now SRF zwei)
Since 2009:
BR Fernsehen (; "Bavarian Broadcasting"), shortened to BR (), is a public-service radio and television broadcaster, based in Munich, capital city of the Free State of Bavaria in Germany. BR is a member organization of the ARD consortium of public broadcast ...
,
KiKA Kika may refer to: People * Kika de la Garza (1927–2017), American politician * Kika Edgar (born 1985), Mexican actress and singer * Kika Karadi (born 1975), American contemporary artist * Kika Markham (born 1940), English actress * Kika M ...
,
ZDFneo ZDFneo is a German free-to-air television channel, programmed for an audience aged 25 to 49 to complement the primarily older-skewing main channels of public broadcasters ZDF and ARD. It replaced ZDF's documentary channel ZDFdokukanal on 1 N ...

Since 2010:
3sat 3sat (, ''Dreisat'') is a free-to-air German-language public service television channel. It is a generalist channel with a cultural focus and is jointly operated by public broadcasters from Germany ( ZDF, ARD), Austria ( ORF) and Switzerlan ...
,
ARTE Arte (, , ; ' ('), sometimes stylised in lowercase or uppercase in its logo) is a European Union, European public service Television channel, channel dedicated to culture. It is made up of three separate companies: the Strasbourg-based Europea ...
,
RSI La 1 RSI LA 1 (''la uno'', formerly TSI 1) is one of two television channels produced by Radiotelevisione Svizzera di lingua Italiana for the Italian-speaking community of Switzerland. LA 1, which can be received in all parts of the country, is a ge ...
, ZDF HD, ORF 1 HD, ORF 2 HD.
Since 2012:
ORF III ORF III (''ORF drei'', ''Österreichischer Rundfunk 3''), sometimes called ORF 3 is an Austrian television channel owned by the Austrian national broadcaster, Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF). The channel launched on 26 October 2011 at 14:00 CE ...

Since 2021:
ORF Sport + ORF Sport + is an Austrian sports channel owned by the public service broadcaster, ORF. The channel is available via satellite Astra 1KR, on 19.2°E, cable and DVB-T, in Austria and parts of Europe. History Before the launch of ORF Sport Plus o ...


Radio

RAS relays radio stations also from the public broadcasters of Austria, Germany and Switzerland in FM and
DAB+ Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) is a digital radio international standard, standard for broadcasting digital audio radio services in many countries around the world, defined, supported, marketed and promoted by the WorldDAB organisation. T ...
. Radio stations carried by RAS: Since 1976:
Ö2 Österreich 2 (Ö2; previously known as ''Österreich-Regional'', ''ÖR'' until 1990) is the overall term used to refer the network of nine regional radio services provided by Austria's national public service broadcasting organization ORF. Stat ...
Radio Tirol Radio Tirol is the regional radio for Tyrol and the German-speaking population of South Tyrol, and is part of the Österreich 2 group. It is broadcast by the ORF, and the programmes from Radio Tirol are made in the ORF Tirol Studio. History ...
,
Hitradio Ö3 Hitradio Ö3 is one of the nationwide radio stations of Austria's public broadcaster ORF. The format focuses, since a reform in the late 1990s almost exclusively, on contemporary hit radio, specialising in pop music and chart hits from the 1980s ...

Since 1980:
Ö1 Österreich 1 (Ö1) is an Austrian radio station: one of the four national channels operated by Austria's public broadcaster ORF. It focuses on classical music and opera, jazz, documentaries and features, news, radio plays and dramas, ''Kabarett ...

Since 1989: Radio RTR
Since 1997:
Bayern 3 Bayern 3 is a public radio station owned and operated by Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR), the public broadcaster in the German state of Bavaria. History Bayern 3 started operating on 1 April 1971 as BR’s third radio channel. It is focused on pop mu ...
,
BR-Klassik BR-Klassik is the common branding of the classical music offerings of the Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR), the public broadcaster of Bavaria. It is principally associated with the Munich-based radio station, created in 1980 and called Bayern 4 Klassik ...
,
BR24 BR24 is a cross-platform news brand of German public broadcaster Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR) which is at the same time a news website, a 24/7 news radio station Radio broadcasting is the broadcasting of audio (sound), sometimes with related ...
, Rai Radio 1,
Rai Radio 2 Rai Radio 2 is an Italian radio channel operated by the state-owned public-broadcasting organization RAI and specializing in talk programmes and popular music. History The origins of the channel can be traced back to 21 March 1938, when the ...
,
Rai Radio 3 Rai Radio 3 (''Radio tre'') is an Italian radio channel operated by the state-owned public-broadcasting organization RAI and specializing in culture and classical music. It is currently directed by Andrea Montanari. Founded on 1 October 1950 ...
,
Rai Ladinia Rai Ladinia is a Ladin-language radio and television service broadcasting to people in Ladinia. The service is owned by RAI, the public broadcaster of Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southe ...
,
Rai Südtirol Rai Südtirol is a German-language radio and television service provided by the Italian public-service broadcaster RAI to South Tyrol from its studios in Bozen, comprising two services: * Rai Südtirol (TV channel), a television channel * Rai Süd ...

Since 2003:
Bayern 1 Bayern 1 is a German public radio station in Bavaria, owned and operated by the Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR). History Bayern 1 historically emerged from the first, until 1950 only, radio programme of the Bayerischer Rundfunk and is a so-called ful ...

Since 2004:
Bayern 2 Bayern 2 is a German public radio station in Bavaria owned and operated by Bayerischer Rundfunk (; "Bavarian Broadcasting"), shortened to BR (), is a public broadcasting, public-service radio and television broadcaster, based in Munich, capit ...
, FM4,
Since 2008:
Deutschlandfunk Kultur Deutschlandfunk Kultur (; abbreviated to ''DLF Kultur'' or ''DKultur'') is a culture-oriented radio station and part of Deutschlandradio, a set of three national radio stations in Germany. Initially named ''DeutschlandRadio Berlin'', the station ...

Since 2013: , , RSI Rete Due
Since 2015:
BR Heimat BR Heimat is a German, public radio station owned and operated by the Bayerischer Rundfunk. It broadcasts Bavarian folk music, and documentaries on tradition and culture.Deutschlandfunk Nova Deutschlandfunk Nova (; abbreviated ''DLF Nova''), formerly known as ''DRadio Wissen'', is a public broadcasting radio station and part of Deutschlandradio. The program is aimed at students and young adults. Their broadcasting studios are situate ...

Since 2019:
Die Sendung mit der Maus ' (''The Show with the Mouse''), often ' (''The Mouse''), is a German children's series, children's television series, popular nationwide and across all ages for its educational content.Bernhard Borgeest"Von Mäusen und Machern"''Focus (German ma ...
The first five radio stations are available on FM, while all stations are additionally also available on
DAB+ Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) is a digital radio international standard, standard for broadcasting digital audio radio services in many countries around the world, defined, supported, marketed and promoted by the WorldDAB organisation. T ...
. DAB Ensembles Südtirol
/ref>


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Rundfunk Anstalt Sudtirol Mass media companies established in 1975 German-language mass media in South Tyrol Mass media companies of Italy 1975 establishments in Italy