Rohrdorf is a municipality of the district of

Calw Calw (; previously pronounced and sometimes spelled Kalb accordingly; ) is a Landstadt, town in the middle of Baden-Württemberg in the south of Germany, capital and largest town of the Calw (district), district Calw. It is located in the North ...

Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg ( ; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a states of Germany, German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million i ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

History

Rohrdorf was ceded in 1303 ''

in commendam In canon law, commenda (or ''in commendam'') was a form of transferring an ecclesiastical benefice ''in trust'' to the ''custody'' of a patron. The phrase ''in commendam'' was originally applied to the provisional occupation of an ecclesiastica ...

'' by the County of Hohenberg to the

Knights Hospitaller The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), is a Catholic military order. It was founded in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century and had headquarters there ...

, who established a

Commandery In the Middle Ages, a commandery (rarely commandry) was the smallest administrative division of the European landed properties of a military order. It was also the name of the house where the knights of the commandery lived.Anthony Luttrell and G ...

in the village that existed until 1806. Control of the town via patronage was a contest between the

County of Württemberg The County of Württemberg was a historical territory with origins in the realm of the House of Württemberg, the heart of the old Duchy of Swabia. Its capital was Stuttgart. From the 12th century until 1495, it was a county within the Holy Roman ...

and the

Electoral Palatinate The Electoral Palatinate was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire until it was annexed by the Electorate of Baden in 1803. From the end of the 13th century, its ruler was one of the Prince-electors who elected the Holy Roman Empero ...

that began in 1363. Württemberg triumphed when in 1440 it purchased Wildberg from the Electoral Palatinate. Between 1363 and 1440, Rohrdorf was ruled by the House of Wöllhausen as ''

vogt An , sometimes simply advocate, (German, ), or (French, ), was a type of medieval office holder, particularly important in the Holy Roman Empire, who was delegated some of the powers and functions of a major feudal lord, or for an institutio ...

s'' for the

House of Württemberg The House of Württemberg is an uradel, ancient German nobility, German dynasty and former royal family of the Kingdom of Württemberg. History County The House probably originated in the vicinity of the Salian dynasty. Around 1080 the ancestors ...

. In 1738, the

Duchy of Württemberg The Duchy of Württemberg () was a duchy located in the south-western part of the Holy Roman Empire. It was a Imperial Estate, state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1495 to 1803. The dukedom's long survival for over three centuries was mainly du ...

sold some of its rights over Rohrdorf and did not regain them until 1805. Rohrdorf was assigned to , which was dissolved in 1938 and replaced by Landkreis Calw. Rohrdorf began a period of

urban growth Urban sprawl (also known as suburban sprawl or urban encroachment) is defined as "the spreading of urban developments (such as houses and shopping centers) on undeveloped land near a city". Urban sprawl has been described as the unrestricted ...

after

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, expanding to north, east, and south. There was further development in the 1970s that added the Kämmerle industrial district.

Geography

The municipality ('' Gemeinde'') of Rohrdorf is situated in

the district ''The District'' is an American crime drama and police procedural television series that aired on CBS from October 7, 2000, to May 1, 2004. The show followed the work and personal life of the chief of Washington, D.C.'s police department. P ...

, in

, one of the 16 States of the

Federal Republic of Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen constituent states have a total population of over 84 ...

. Rohrdorf is physically located in the , a transitional landscape between the

Heckengäu The Heckengäu is a part of the Gäu (Baden-Württemberg), Gäu, a region in the counties of Landkreis Böblingen, Böblingen, Landkreis Calw, Calw, Landkreis Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg and Enzkreis in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Part of ...

and the

Northern Black Forest The Northern Black Forest () refers to the northern third of the Black Forest in Germany or, less commonly today, to the northern half of this mountain region. Geography The Northern Black Forest is bounded in the north by a line from Karlsruh ...

. Elevation above sea level in the municipal area ranges from a high of

Normalnull ("standard zero") or (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked (“meters above standard zero”). has been replaced by (NHN). History In 187 ...

(NN) to a low of NN. A portion of the Federally protected

nature reserve A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, funga, or features of geologic ...

is located in Rohrdorf's municipal area.

Culture

The Knights Hospitaller built the Church of Saint John and two palaces in Rohrdorf over the 15th and 16th centuries.

Politics

Rohrdorf has a single borough (''Ortsteil''), Rohrdorf, and the industrial district of Kämmerle. The municipality has been cited by the government of Baden-Württemberg as one of ten model municipalities in regard to rural development. Rohrdorf is in a with the cities of

Nagold Nagold () is a town in southwestern Germany, bordering the Northern Black Forest. It is located in the '' Landkreis'' (district) of Calw (Germany/Baden-Württemberg). Nagold is recorded for the first time in a historical document dating back to ...

and

Haiterbach Haiterbach is a town in the district of Calw, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. History Haiterbach was given its town rights by the Counts of Hohenberg in 1349. The County of Hohenberg sold Haiterbach and the villages of Beihingen and Oberschwan ...

and the municipality of

Ebhausen Ebhausen is a town in the district of Calw in Baden-Württemberg in Germany. History The municipality of Ebhausen was formed in 1975 by the merging of Ebhausen, Ebershardt, Rotfelden, and Wenden in 1975. Geography The municipality ('' Gemeinde' ...

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Rohrdorf is divided ''party per fess'' into an upper,

red Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–750 nanometres. It is a primary color in the RGB color model and a seconda ...

section and a lower,

white White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...

section. A white

Maltese cross The Maltese cross is a cross symbol, consisting of four " V" or arrowhead shaped concave quadrilaterals converging at a central vertex at right angles, two tips pointing outward symmetrically. It is a heraldic cross variant which develope ...

is housed in the upper

field Field may refer to: Expanses of open ground * Field (agriculture), an area of land used for agricultural purposes * Airfield, an aerodrome that lacks the infrastructure of an airport * Battlefield * Lawn, an area of mowed grass * Meadow, a grass ...

. The

tincture A tincture is typically an extract of plant or animal material dissolved in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Solvent concentrations of 25–60% are common, but may run as high as 90%.Groot Handboek Geneeskrachtige Planten by Geert Verhelst In chemistr ...

is taken from the arms of the House of Hohenberg, and the Maltese cross from the Knights Hospitaller. This coat of arms first saw in use since 1913 but was not adopted officially until 1956.

Transportation

Rohrdorf is connected to Germany's network of roadways by

Bundesstraße 28 Bundesstraße 28 or B 28 is a German federal road. The road runs west through Baden-Württemberg from the eastern terminus of the French route nationale 4 in Strasbourg, after crossing the Rhine river in Kehl, to Senden in Bavaria, where it te ...

. Local public transportation is provided by the .

References

External links

* (in German) {{Authority control Calw (district)