Robert de Holland, 1st Baron Holand ( 1283 – October 1328) was an English nobleman, born in

Lancashire Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated ''Lancs'') is a ceremonial county in North West England. It is bordered by Cumbria to the north, North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire to the east, Greater Manchester and Merseyside to the south, and the Irish Sea to ...

Early life

Holland was a son of Sir Robert de Holland of Upholland, Lancashire, and Elizabeth, daughter of William de Samlesbury. Holland was a member of the noble Holland family and a favourite official of

Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster ( 1278 – 22 March 1322) was an English nobleman of the first House of Lancaster of the royal Plantagenet Dynasty. He was Earl of Lancaster, Leicester, and Derby from 1296 to 1322, and Earl of Lincoln and Sa ...

, and was knighted by 1305. He was appointed on 20 December 1307 in a matter concerning the Knight Templars, shortly before

Edward II Edward II (25 April 1284 – 21 September 1327), also known as Edward of Caernarfon or Caernarvon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed in January 1327. The fourth son of Edward I, Edward became the heir to the throne follo ...

ordered their arrest and trials in January 1308. In October 1313 Holland was pardoned for his role in the death of

Piers Gaveston Piers Gaveston, 1st Earl of Cornwall ( – 19 June 1312) was an English nobleman of Gascon origin, and the favourite of Edward II of England. At a young age, Gaveston made a good impression on King Edward I, who assigned him to the househo ...

. From 1314 to 1321 he was called to Parliament as a baron and was appointed as secretary to the Earl of Lancaster.

Banastre Rebellion (1315)

Holland's favoured treatment by the powerful earl caused his rival knights in the area, led by Adam Banastre, Henry de Lea, and William de Bradshagh (Bradshaw), to start a campaign of violence towards him and the earl's other supporters known as the

Banastre Rebellion The Banastre Rebellion was an uprising in Lancashire, England, in 1315 against the Earl of Lancaster and his supporters. A group of disaffected knights decided to revenge themselves on the Earl of Lancaster by attacking his chief retainer and t ...

. The rebels protested against the earl's actions and authority by attacking the homes of his supporters and several castles, including

Liverpool Castle Liverpool Castle was a castle in Liverpool, Liverpool, England, that stood from the early 13th century to the early 18th century (1237–1726). Construction The castle was probably erected in the 1230s, between 1232 and 1235, under the orders o ...

. Holland later assisted in the hunt for fugitives after the rebels had been routed in Preston by a force under the command of the

Sheriff of Lancashire The High Sheriff of Lancashire is an ancient office, now largely ceremonial, granted to Lancashire, a county in North West England. High Shrievalties are the oldest secular titles under the Crown, in England and Wales. The High Sheriff of Lanca ...

Battle of Boroughbridge (1322) and Invasion of England (1326)

On 4 March 1322 Holland was ordered to join the king with horses and men to defend against Lancaster's rebellion. Twelve days later Holland betrayed the king and fought alongside Lancaster at the

Battle of Boroughbridge The Battle of Boroughbridge was fought on 16 March 1322 in England between a group of rebellious barons and the forces of King Edward II, near Boroughbridge, north-west of York. The culmination of a long period of antagonism between the King a ...

. After their defeat, Holland surrendered and was imprisoned and had his lands confiscated. He was released from prison but was accused of having joined with other rebels in raids on the estates of

Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester Hugh le Despenser (1 March 126127 October 1326), sometimes referred to as "the Elder Despenser", was for a time the chief adviser to King Edward II of England. He was created a baron in 1295 and Earl of Winchester in 1322. One day after being ...

, over the next few years. Holland was again imprisoned in

Warwick Castle Warwick Castle is a medieval castle developed from a wooden fort, originally built by William I of England, William the Conqueror during 1068. Warwick is the county town of Warwickshire, England, situated on a meander of the River Avon, Warwic ...

before being moved in 1326 to

Northampton Castle Northampton Castle in Northampton, was one of the most prominent Norman castles in England. The castle site was outside the western city gate, and defended on three sides by deep trenches. A branch of the River Nene provided a natural barrier ...

from which he escaped.

Demise

Following Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimer's overthrow of

, Holland was pardoned for his escape from Northampton at the request of

Henry de Beaumont Henry de Beaumont (before 1280 – 10 March 1340), ''jure uxoris'' 4th Earl of Buchan and ''suo jure'' 1st Baron Beaumont, was a key figure in the Anglo-Scots wars of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, known as the Wars of Scottish In ...

; his lands were restored to him on 24 December 1327. Holland still had enemies from the Banastre Rebellion though and in June 1328 they attempted to

outlaw An outlaw, in its original and legal meaning, is a person declared as outside the protection of the law. In pre-modern societies, all legal protection was withdrawn from the criminal, so anyone was legally empowered to persecute or kill them. ...

Holland for the deaths of Banastre and his followers, thirteen years after their deaths. Holland appealed against this but was killed in October in a wood near

Henley-on-Thames Henley-on-Thames ( ) is a town status in the United Kingdom, town and Civil parishes in England, civil parish on the River Thames, in the South Oxfordshire district, in Oxfordshire, England, northeast of Reading, Berkshire, Reading, west of M ...

Oxfordshire Oxfordshire ( ; abbreviated ''Oxon'') is a ceremonial county in South East England. The county is bordered by Northamptonshire and Warwickshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the east, Berkshire to the south, and Wiltshire and Glouceste ...

. Thomas Wither is named by some as the murderer and is claimed to have been a supporter of the new Earl of Lancaster,

Henry Henry may refer to: People and fictional characters * Henry (given name), including lists of people and fictional characters * Henry (surname) * Henry, a stage name of François-Louis Henry (1786–1855), French baritone Arts and entertainmen ...

but in light of Holland's outlawry in June may have been a supporter of Banastre as well. Holland was beheaded, his head sent to the Earl of Lancaster at

Waltham Cross Waltham Cross is a town in the Borough of Broxbourne, Hertfordshire, England, located north of central London. In the south-eastern corner of Hertfordshire, it borders Cheshunt to the north, Waltham Abbey to the east, and Enfield to the sout ...

and his body to

Preston, Lancashire Preston () is a city on the north bank of the River Ribble in Lancashire, England. The city is the administrative centre of the county of Lancashire and the wider City of Preston, Lancashire, City of Preston local government district. Preston ...

where it was buried in the church of Grey Friars. The inaccuracies of some accounts of Holland suggest his rivals may have smeared him deliberately. An Inquisition Post Mortem held in October 1328 found he held lands in

Yorkshire Yorkshire ( ) is an area of Northern England which was History of Yorkshire, historically a county. Despite no longer being used for administration, Yorkshire retains a strong regional identity. The county was named after its county town, the ...

Derbyshire Derbyshire ( ) is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It borders Greater Manchester, West Yorkshire, and South Yorkshire to the north, Nottinghamshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south-east, Staffordshire to the south a ...

Warwickshire Warwickshire (; abbreviated Warks) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the West Midlands (region), West Midlands of England. It is bordered by Staffordshire and Leicestershire to the north, Northamptonshire to the east, Ox ...

Leicestershire Leicestershire ( ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It is bordered by Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire to the north, Rutland to the east, Northamptonshire to the south-east, Warw ...

and

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

Marriage and issue

Holland married before 1309/10 (being contracted to marry in or before 1305/6)

Maud la Zouche As a name Feminine given name Royal name Placename :In Antarctica: :* Queen Maud Land (), an area of 2.5 million square kilometers (1 million sq. mi.) claimed by Norway in 1938 :In Canada: :* Queen Maud Gulf, Nunavut, Canada :In New Z ...

, daughter and co-heiress of

Alan la Zouche, 1st Baron la Zouche of Ashby Alan la Zouche, 1st Baron la Zouche of Ashby (9 October 1267 – shortly before 25 March 1314) was born at North Molton, Devonshire, the only son of Roger La Zouche and his wife, Ela Longespée, daughter of Stephen Longespée and Emmeline ...

, by his wife, Eleanor de Segrave. Holland and Maud had nine children: * Robert de Holand (born –12 ged 16 in 1328, aged 30 and more in 1349– died 16 March 1372/3), 2nd Baron Holand. He married before 25 June 1343 (date of fine) Margaret Hetton, who married Sir William Molineux of Sefton secondly. *

Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent Thomas Holland, 2nd Baron Holand, and ''jure uxoris'' 1st Earl of Kent, Order of the Garter, KG (26 December 1360) was an Kingdom of England, English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War. By the time of the Crécy campai ...

, KG (died 26 or 28 December 1360), of Broughton, Buckinghamshire, Hawes (in Brackley), Brackley and King's Sutton, Northamptonshire, Horden, Durham, etc., created

Earl of Kent The peerage title Earl of Kent has been created eight times in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. In fiction, the Earl of Kent is also known as a prominent supporting character in William Shakespeare's tragedy K ...

in 1360. He married Joan Plantagenet, the "Fair Maid of Kent", daughter of

Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent (5 August 130119 March 1330), whose seat was Arundel Castle in Sussex, was the sixth and youngest son of King Edward I of England, and the second son of his second wife Margaret of France, Queen of England ...

, a son of King

Edward I Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (Latin: Malleus Scotorum), was King of England from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he was Lord of Ireland, and from 125 ...

by his second wife Margaret of France, daughter of

Philip III of France Philip III (1 May 1245 – 5 October 1285), called the Bold (), was King of France from 1270 until his death in 1285. His father, Louis IX, died in Tunis during the Eighth Crusade. Philip, who was accompanying him, returned to France and wa ...

. * Sir

Otho Holand Sir Otho Holand (c. 1316 – 3 September 1359) was an English soldier and a founder Knight of the Garter. He was alternatively called Otes or Eton Holand or Holland. Life Otho was born in Brackley, Northamptonshire, a younger son of Robert de H ...

, KG (died 3 September 1359), of Ashford, Chesterfield, and Dalbury, Derbyshire, Yoxall, Staffordshire, Talworth (in Long Ditton), Surrey, etc., Governor of the Channel Islands, 1359. He married Joan _____. * Alan de Holand, of Great Houghton, Yorkshire, living 13 October 1331 (date of fine). He was killed sometime before 30 October 1339 by William Bate, of Dunham-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire. * Isabel de Holand. Mistress of

John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey John de Warenne (24/30 June 1286 - June 1347), 7th Earl of Surrey, was the last Warenne Earl of Surrey. Life John was born on either 24 or 30 June 1286 and baptised on 7 November of that year.He was the son of William de Warenne, the only son ...

. * Margaret de Holand (died 20 or 22 August 1349). She married John la Warre (see chart Margaret d 1349) * Maud de Holand (living 1342). She married (1st) John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray; (2nd) Thomas de Swinnerton, 3rd Lord Swinnerton. * Elizabeth de Holand (died 13 July 1387). She married Henry Fitz Roger, of Chewton, Somerset, descendant of Herbert of Winchester.Burke, J. (1838) ''A genealogical and heraldic history of the commoners of Great Britain and Ireland'' Oxford University p.729 (vi
Google
* Eleanor de Holand (died before 21 Nov. 1341). She married John Darcy, 2nd Lord Darcy of Knaith. Image:Holland Earls of Kent.svg, centre, 1000px, alt=insert description of map here, The Holland Earls of Kent. Where an article exists, it can be found by clicking on the name. rect 255 0 370 75 w:Robert Holland, 1st Baron Holand rect 190 95 295 150 w:Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent rect 300 95 350 150 w:Joan of Kent rect 365 95 435 140 w:William de Montagu, 2nd Earl of Salisbury rect 485 95 540 135 w:Otho Holand rect 615 95 715 150 w:John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey rect 940 95 1025 150 w:John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray rect 365 145 455 190 w:Edward the Black Prince rect 70 200 120 260 w:Alice FitzAlan, Countess of Kent rect 130 200 245 260 w:Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent rect 250 200 310 260 w:Hugh Courtenay (died 1374) rect 380 200 475 260 w:Waleran III, Count of Ligny rect 485 200 527 260 w:Joan Holland, Duchess of Brittany rect 537 200 635 260 w:John IV, Duke of Brittany rect 660 200 800 260 w:John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter rect 85 300 190 360 w:Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey rect 250 300 360 350 w:Edmund Holland, 4th Earl of Kent rect 370 300 425 350 w:Lucia Visconti rect 445 300 510 330 w:Alianore Holland, Countess of March rect 605 300 665 330 w:Joan Holland rect 730 300 800 330 w:Margaret Holland, Duchess of Clarence rect 850 300 915 330 w:Eleanor Holland, Countess of Salisbury rect 430 340 530 380 w:Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March rect 560 340 700 370 w:Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York rect 710 340 810 380 w:John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset rect 830 340 935 380 w:Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury rect 945 340 1020 380 w:John Neville (died 1420) rect 400 390 550 430 w:Edward Charlton, 5th Baron Charlton rect 570 375 680 417 w:William Willoughby, 5th Baron Willoughby de Eresby rect 705 390 825 430 w:Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence rect 560 420 700 470 w:Henry Scrope, 3rd Baron Scrope of Masham

References

Sources

* * * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Holland, Robert de 1st Baron Holand de Holland, Robert de Holland, Robert Holand, Robert de Holland, 1st Baron

Robert The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of ''Hrōþ, Hruod'' () "fame, glory, honour, prais ...

13th-century English nobility 14th-century English nobility People from Up Holland