This is a list of plants found in the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve. The reserve straddles the

Mexican Mexican may refer to: Mexico and its culture *Being related to, from, or connected to the country of Mexico, in North America ** People *** Mexicans, inhabitants of the country Mexico and their descendants *** Mexica, ancient indigenous people ...

states of

Colima Colima, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, is among the 31 states that make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima. Colima is a small state of western Mexico on the cen ...

and

Jalisco Jalisco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in western Mexico and is bordered by s ...

. It is located in the transition between the

Nearctic The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting the Earth's land surface. The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America ...

and

Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeogra ...

realms and encompasses parts of the

Sierra Madre del Sur The Sierra Madre del Sur is a mountain range in southern Mexico, extending from southern Michoacán east through Guerrero, to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in eastern Oaxaca. Geography The Sierra Madre del Sur joins with the Eje Volcánico Transv ...

, with a wide range of altitudes, climates and soils. The effects of tectonic and volcanic activities and erosion are notable within the reserve.

Ecological characteristics

General characteristics

Forest types in the reserve including

mesophytic Mesophytes are terrestrial plants which are adapted to neither particularly dry nor particularly wet environments. An example of a mesophytic habitat would be a rural temperate meadow, which might contain goldenrod, clover, oxeye daisy, and '' Ros ...

cloud In meteorology, a cloud is an aerosol consisting of a visible mass of miniature liquid droplets, frozen crystals, or other particles, suspended in the atmosphere of a planetary body or similar space. Water or various other chemicals may ...

, dry deciduous and

semi-deciduous Semi-deciduous or semi-evergreen is a botanical term which refers to plants that lose their foliage for a very short period, when old leaves fall off and new foliage growth is starting. This phenomenon occurs in tropical and sub-tropical wood ...

tropical forests. Anthropologists know the region as ''Zona de Occidente'', an area notably different from the rest of

Mesoamerica Mesoamerica is a historical region and cultural area that begins in the southern part of North America and extends to the Pacific coast of Central America, thus comprising the lands of central and southern Mexico, all of Belize, Guatemala, El S ...

. Some ceramic remnants, figurines and graves have been found, but there is little other material evidence of ancient human settlement. As of 1995 almost 8,000 people lived in the Sierra de Manantlán Reserve, engaged mainly in agriculture (corn, beans, tomatoes, sugar cane, watermelon, mangoes), livestock grazing, timber production, and extraction of wood for fuel and mining of coal or minerals. Another 30,000 lived in the surrounding communities and almost 700,000 in the surrounding region.

Location and geography

The

Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve The Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve () (established 1988) is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in the states of Colima and Jalisco, Mexico. The reserve is located in the transition of the Nearctic and Neotropical realms and encompasses parts of ...

is located to the extreme north of the inter-tropical zone. The climate in the region is influenced by its proximity to the coast, the effect of its landform ( orographic shade) and the breadth of its altitudinal range. These characteristics explain the high

biodiversity Biodiversity is the variability of life, life on Earth. It can be measured on various levels. There is for example genetic variability, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and Phylogenetics, phylogenetic diversity. Diversity is not distribut ...

and the presence of numerous plant formations ranging from tropical forests to temperate-cold climates.

Birds and mammals

The Sierra de Manantlán's varied and complex plant cover harbours a great wealth of flora. There are over 2900 species of vascular plants belonging to 981 genera. Wildlife is one of the important components of the high biodiversity in this reserve. Among the main values of the Sierra de Manantlán, in addition to its great wealth of species and its unique biogeographical characteristics, particular mention should be made of the presence of endangered or useful endemic species. So far 110 mammal species have been reported, including the Mexican vole subspecies ''Microtus mexicanus neveriae'', the pocket gopher '' Cratogeomys gymnurus russelli'', the

oncilla The oncilla (''Leopardus tigrinus''), also known as the northern tiger cat, little spotted cat, and tigrillo, is a small spotted cat ranging from Central America to central Brazil. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, and the popul ...

jaguarandi The jaguarundi (''Herpailurus yagouaroundi''; or ) is a wild cat native to the Americas. Its range extends from central Argentina in the south to northern Mexico, through Central and South America east of the Andes. The jaguarundi is a medium ...

ocelot The ocelot (''Leopardus pardalis'') is a medium-sized spotted Felidae, wild cat that reaches at the shoulders and weighs between on average. It is native to the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, Central and South America, ...

, puma,

bobcat The bobcat (''Lynx rufus''), also known as the wildcat, bay lynx, or red lynx, is one of the four extant species within the medium-sized wild cat genus '' Lynx''. Native to North America, it ranges from southern Canada through most of the c ...

jaguar The jaguar (''Panthera onca'') is a large felidae, cat species and the only extant taxon, living member of the genus ''Panthera'' that is native to the Americas. With a body length of up to and a weight of up to , it is the biggest cat spe ...

and four species of nectarivorous bats. Jaguar en Bosque de Niebla

There are 336 bird species which have been reported, among them are 36 which are endemic to Mexico, such as the charismatic species:

crested guan The crested guan (''Penelope purpurascens'') is a Near Threatened species in an ancient group of birds of the family Cracidae, which are related to the Australasian megapodes or mound builders (Megapodiidae). It is found from central Mexico thr ...

(''Penelope purpurascens''),

military macaw The military macaw (''Ara militaris'') is a medium- to large-sized macaw, named after its green and red plumage vaguely resembling a military uniform. It is native from west-central Mexico south through northern Argentina and Bolivia. While most ...

(''Ara militaris''),

red-lored amazon The red-lored amazon or red-lored parrot (''Amazona autumnalis'') is a species of amazon parrot, native to tropical regions of the Americas, from eastern Mexico south to Ecuador where it occurs in humid evergreen to semi-deciduous forests up to ...

(''Amazona autumnalis'') and the Mexican national symbol, the

golden eagle The golden eagle (''Aquila chrysaetos'') is a bird of prey living in the Northern Hemisphere. It is the most widely distributed species of eagle. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. They are one of the best-known bird of pr ...

. In terms of

herpetofauna Herpetology (from Ancient Greek ἑρπετόν ''herpetón'', meaning "reptile" or "creeping animal") is a branch of zoology concerned with the study of amphibians (including frogs, salamanders, and caecilians (Gymnophiona)) and reptiles (incl ...

, 85 species have been recorded; of these 13 are endemic to the western and central region of Mexico:

rattlesnake Rattlesnakes are venomous snakes that form the genus, genera ''Crotalus'' and ''Sistrurus'' of the subfamily Crotalinae (the pit vipers). All rattlesnakes are vipers. Rattlesnakes are predators that live in a wide array of habitats, hunting sm ...

black iguana ''Ctenosaura similis'', commonly known as the black iguanaLiner, Ernest A. and Gustavo Cass-Andreu. (2008). ''Standard Spanish, English and Scientific Names of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Mexico (2nd. ed.).'' Herpetological Circular No. 38. So ...

, frog '' Shyrrhopus modestus'',

beaded lizard The Mexican beaded lizard (''Heloderma horridum'') or beaded lizard is a species of lizard in the family Helodermatidae, one of the two species of venomous beaded lizards found principally in Mexico and southern Guatemala. It and the other membe ...

(''Heloderma horridum'') and the Autlan rattlesnake (''Crotalus lannomi''), an endemic species only reported for the area of Puerto de Los Mazos. Of the 16 species of fish identified, 13 are native and four are endemic to the region. Most plants in the list below can be found in ''Flora de Manantlán'', and that should be assumed as a reference when no other is indicated. References to other sources are included where found. The herbarium web pages at the

National Autonomous University of Mexico The National Autonomous University of Mexico (, UNAM) is a public university, public research university in Mexico. It has several campuses in Mexico City, and many others in various locations across Mexico, as well as a presence in nine countri ...

and at the

Missouri Botanical Garden The Missouri Botanical Garden is a botanical garden located at 4344 Shaw Boulevard in St. Louis, Missouri. It is also known informally as Shaw's Garden for founder and philanthropy, philanthropist Henry Shaw (philanthropist), Henry Shaw. I ...

are used as authorities for names with adjustments for the system in use by Wikipedia. Species include ecosystem, growth habit, and common names where available.

Cycad Cycads are seed plants that typically have a stout and woody (ligneous) trunk (botany), trunk with a crown (botany), crown of large, hard, stiff, evergreen and (usually) pinnate leaves. The species are dioecious, that is, individual plants o ...
s

Zamiaceae The Zamiaceae are a family of cycads that are superficially palm or fern-like. They are divided into two subfamilies with eight genera and about 150 species in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Australia and North and South America. ...

* ''

Zamia loddigesii ''Zamia loddigesii'', also known as teocinte, is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It is found in Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz states in Mexico. It is threatened by habitat loss. Description The stem is subterranean, with ...

'':Vazquez, J. A., et al. (1995). ''Flora de Manantlán'', BRIT Press. a

shrub A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple ...

Coniferae

Pine A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as cu ...

s and their allies.

Cupressaceae Cupressaceae or the cypress family is a family of conifers. The family includes 27–30 genera (17 monotypic), which include the junipers and redwoods, with about 130–140 species in total. They are monoecious, subdioecious or (rarely) dioecio ...

''
Cupressus ''Cupressus'' (common name cypress) is one of several genus, genera of evergreen conifers within the Family (biology), family Cupressaceae; for the others, see cypress. It is considered a Polyphyly, polyphyletic group. Based on genetic and morpho ...
''

* ''

Cupressus lusitanica ''Hesperocyparis lusitanica'', the Mexican cypress, cedar-of-Goa or Goa cedar, is a species of Cupressaceae, cypress native to Mexico and Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras). It has also been introduced to Belize, Costa Rica a ...

'':Jardel Peláez, Enrique J., Gerardo Vélica Zúñiga, Oscar E. Balcázar Medina, Ramón Cuevas Guzmán, Eduardo Santana Castellón, Luis Manuel Martínez Rivera (2013). "Determinación De La Subzonificacion De La Reserva De La Biosfera Sierra De Manantlan". Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales-IMECBIO, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, En colaboración con Dirección de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Autlán, Jalisco. February 2013 a

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, e.g., including only woody plants with secondary growth, only ...

or ' – found in pine forest and pine-fir forest – called Mexican white cedar, cedar-of-Goa,

cypress Cypress is a common name for various coniferous trees or shrubs from the ''Cupressus'' genus of the '' Cupressaceae'' family, typically found in temperate climates and subtropical regions of Asia, Europe, and North America. The word ''cypress'' ...

, in Spanish ', ', '

Pinaceae The Pinaceae (), or pine family, are conifer trees or shrubs, including many of the well-known conifers of commercial importance such as Cedrus, cedars, firs, Tsuga, hemlocks, Pinyon_pine, piñons, larches, pines and spruces. The family is incl ...

''
Abies Firs are evergreen coniferous trees belonging to the genus ''Abies'' () in the family Pinaceae. There are approximately 48–65 extant species, found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Eurasia, and North Africa. The genu ...
''

* ''

Abies guatemalensis ''Abies guatemalensis'', the Guatemalan fir or ''pinabete'', is an evergreen tree native to Central America and is the southernmost member of the genus '' Abies'' being spread to the south lower than 14° N. Its range is from southern (less from ...

'':Balcazar Medina, Oscar Enrique, 2011. "Patrones geoecologicos de indendios forestales en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlan". Tesis Universidad de Guadalajara tree * ''

Abies religiosa ''Abies religiosa'', the oyamel fir or sacred fir, (known as in Spanish) is a fir native to the mountains of central and southern Mexico ( Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre del Sur) and western Guatemala. It grows at high elevations o ...

'':Figueroa-Rangel, B. L., et al. (2008). "4200 Years of Pine‐dominated Upland Forest Dynamics in West‐central Mexico: Human or Natural Legacy." ''Ecology'' 89(7): 1893–1907 tree –

cloud forest A cloud forest, also called a water forest, primas forest, or tropical montane cloud forest, is a generally tropical or subtropical, evergreen, Montane forest, montane, Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, moist forest characteri ...

, pine-fir forest – sacred fir, ', '

''
Pinus A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as c ...
''

* ''

Pinus devoniana ''Pinus devoniana'' is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found in more than 15 states of Mexico - from S. Sinaloa to Chiapas - and Guatemala in montane, relatively open pine or pine-oak forests at altitudes from .Farjon et al. 19 ...

'': tree * '' Pinus gordoniana'' (syn. ''P. douglasiana''):Cassell, B. A. (2012). Fire History of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve in Western México, University of Washington.Cerano-Paredes, J, J. Villanueva-Díaz, R. Cervantes-Martínez, P. Fulé, L. Yocom, G. Esquivel-Arriaga, E. Jardel-Peláez 2015. Historia de incendios en un bosque de pino de la sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco, México. BOSQUE 36(1): 41–52, 2015 DOI: 10.4067/S0717-92002015000100005 tree – cloud forest, pine-oak forest, pine forest – ' * ''

Pinus durangensis ''Pinus durangensis'', the Durango pine, is a pine tree species endemic to the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range of north-western Mexico. This species is related to ''Pinus ponderosa'' (Ponderosa pine), and included in the same subsection ...

'': tree * ''

Pinus herrerae ''Pinus herrerae'', Herrera's pine, is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found only in Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, a ...

'': tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest – ' * ''

Pinus leiophylla ''Pinus leiophylla'', commonly known as Chihuahua pine, smooth-leaf pine,''Pinus leiophylla'' was originally described and published in ''Linnaea'' 6:354. 1831. and yellow pine (in Mexico, tlacocote and ocote chino), is a tree with a range prima ...

'': tree * ''

Pinus maximinoi ''Pinus maximinoi'', commonly known as thinleaf pine, is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico at elevations of . ''P. maximinoi'' reaches a height of and has smooth bark when y ...

'': tree – ' * ''

Pinus montezumae ''Pinus montezumae'', known as the Montezuma pine, is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is native to Mexico and Central America, where it is one of many pines known as ocote. Description The tree grows about 35 m high and 80& ...

'': tree * ''

Pinus oocarpa ''Pinus oocarpa'' is a species of pine tree native to Mexico and Central America. It is the national tree of Honduras, where it is known as ocote. Common names include ocote chino, pino amarillo, pino avellano, Mexican yellow pine, egg-cone pine ...

'': tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest * ''

Pinus pseudostrobus ''Pinus pseudostrobus'', known in English as the smooth-bark Mexican pine and in Spanish as ''chamite'' or ''pacingo'', is a tree found in forests of Mexico and Central America. It is 8 to 25 m tall with a dense and round top.It is threatened b ...

'': tree – pine forest, pine-fir forest – ', ', '

Podocarpaceae Podocarpaceae is a large family of mainly southern hemisphere conifers, known in English as podocarps, comprising about 156 species of evergreen trees and shrubs.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. ''Conifers of the World''. Portland, Oregon: Timber Pres ...

''
Podocarpus ''Podocarpus'' () is a genus of conifers, the most numerous and widely distributed of the podocarp family, the Podocarpaceae. ''Podocarpus'' species are evergreen shrubs or trees, usually from tall, known to reach at times. The cones have ...
''

* ''

Podocarpus matudae ''Podocarpus matudae'' is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. It is found in Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Mexico. Description ''Podocarpus matudae'' can form large trees growing to 30 m or more in height, with a trunk diame ...

'': tree

Monocotyledons Monocotyledons (), commonly referred to as monocots, (Lilianae ''sensu'' Chase & Reveal) are flowering plants whose seeds contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon. A monocot taxon has been in use for several decades, but with various ranks and ...
or
Liliopsida Liliopsida Batsch (synonym: Liliatae) is a botanical name for the class containing the family Liliaceae (or Lily Family). It is considered synonymous (or nearly synonymous) with the name monocotyledon. Publication of the name is credited to Scopol ...

Cyperaceae The Cyperaceae () are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as wikt:sedge, sedges. The family (biology), family is large; botanists have species description, described some 5,500 known species in about 90 ...

''
Cyperus ''Cyperus'' is a large genus of about 700 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions. Description They are annual or perennial plants, mostly aquatic and growing in still or slow-moving ...
''

* '' Cyperus hermaphroditus''

Graminea ''Graminea'' is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.Biolib.cz - ''Graminea''
Retrieved on 8 ...
or
Poaceae Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivate ...

''
Festuca ''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on ...
''

* '' Festuca breviglumis''

Liliaceae The lily family, Liliaceae, consists of about 15 genera and 610 species of flowering plants within the order Liliales. They are monocotyledonous, perennial, herbaceous, often bulbous geophytes. Plants in this family have evolved with a fai ...
or
Asparagaceae Asparagaceae (), known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots. The family name is based on the edible garden asparagus, '' Asparagus officinalis''. This family includes both ...

''
Agave ''Agave'' (; ; ) is a genus of monocots native to the arid regions of the Americas. The genus is primarily known for its succulent and xerophytic species that typically form large Rosette (botany), rosettes of strong, fleshy leaves. Many plan ...
''

* ''

Agave maximiliana ''Agave'' (; ; ) is a genus of monocots native to the arid regions of the Americas. The genus is primarily known for its succulent and xerophytic species that typically form large rosettes of strong, fleshy leaves. Many plants in this genus ...

''
Otatea ''Otatea'', called weeping bamboo, is a genus of clumping bamboos in the Poaceae, grass family, native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia.Ruiz-Sanchez, E., V. Sosa, M. T. Mejía-Saules, X. Londoño & L. G. Clark. 2011. A taxonomic revision ...
''

* '' Otatea acuminata'' – ' * '' Otatea aztecorum''

''
Piptochaetium ''Piptochaetium'', or speargrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to North and South America. ''Piptochaetium'' is a bunchgrass genus in the tribe Stipeae.Clayton, W. D., et al. (2006 onwards)''Piptochaetium''.GrassBase - The On ...
''

* '' Piptochaetium virescens''

'' Zea''

* ''

Zea diploperennis ''Zea diploperennis'', the diploperennial teosinte, is a species of grass (family: Poaceae) in the genus '' Zea'' and a teosinte (wild relative of maize or corn). It is perennial. Conservation Virtually all populations of this teosinte are eithe ...

'' – '

Smilacaceae Smilacaceae, the greenbriers, is a family of flowering plants. While they were often assigned to a more broadly defined family Liliaceae, most recent botanists have accepted the two as distinct families, diverging around 55 million years ago dur ...

''
Smilax ''Smilax'' is a genus of about 300–350 species, found in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. They are climbing flowering plants, many of which are woody and/or thorny, in the monocotyledon family (biology), family Smilacaceae, native through ...
''

* '' Smilax domingensis''

Typhaceae The Typhaceae () are a family of flowering plants, sometimes called the cattail family. The botanical name for the family has been recognized by most taxonomists. Description Members can be recognized as large marsh herbs with alternate two-rank ...

''
Typha ''Typha'' is a genus of about 30 species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Typhaceae. These plants have a variety of common names, in British English as bulrushStreeter D, Hart-Davies C, Hardcastle A, Cole F, Harper L. 2009. ' ...
''

* ''

Typha domingensis ''Typha domingensis'', known commonly as southern cattail or cumbungi, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus ''Typha''. Distribution and habitat It is found throughout temperate and tropical regions worldwide. It is sometimes found as a ...

Magnoliopsida Magnoliopsida is a valid botanical name for a class of flowering plants. By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its circumscription can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classi ...
or
Dicotyledons The dicotyledons, also known as dicots (or, more rarely, dicotyls), are one of the two groups into which all the flowering plants (angiosperms) were formerly divided. The name refers to one of the typical characteristics of the group: namely, ...

Flowering plants

Acanthaceae Acanthaceae () is a Family (biology), family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are Tropics, tropical Herbaceous plant, herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epip ...

''
Aphelandra ''Aphelandra'' is a genus of over 200 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, native to tropical regions of the Americas. They are evergreen shrubs growing to tall, with opposite, simple leaves long, often with white veins. The ...
''

* '' Aphelandra lineariloba'': shrub * '' Aphelandra madrensis'': shrub

''
Barleria ''Barleria'' is a genus of plants in the family Acanthaceae. It includes 303 species native to the tropics and subtropics, including the Americas from Mexico to northern South America, sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula, the Indi ...
''

* ''

Barleria micans ''Barleria'' is a genus of plants in the family Acanthaceae. It includes 303 species native to the tropics and subtropics, including the Americas from Mexico to northern South America, sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula, the Indi ...

'': shrub

''
Dicliptera ''Dicliptera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bear's breeches family, Acanthaceae. It includes 223 species native to the tropics and subtropics worldwide. Well-known synonyms include ''Peristrophe'' and ''Dactylostegium''. Host plant ...
''

* '' Dicliptera resupinata'': herb

'' Dyschoriste''

* '' Dyschoriste hirsutissima'': herb – ', ' * '' Dyschoriste saltuensis'': herb * '' Dyschoriste rubiginosa'' or ''D. angustifolia'': herb

''
Elytraria ''Elytraria'', scalystem, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, with a pantropical distribution. They tend to lack stems. Includes 22 species. Species Currently accepted species include: *''Elytraria acaulis'' (L.f.) Lindau ...
''

* '' Elytraria imbricata'': herb

'' Henrya''

* '' Henrya insularis'': herb * ''

Henrya tuberculosperma Henrya may refer to: * ''Henrya'' (gastropod), a genus of gastropods in the family Murchisonellidae Murchisonellidae is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of sea snails, Marine (ocean), marine opisthobranch gastropod mollus ...

'': herb

'' Justicia'' or ''Jacobinia''

* '' Jacobinia mexicana'': herb * '' Justicia aurea'': herb * '' Justicia candicans'': herb * '' Justicia reflexiflora'': herb * '' Justicia salviiflora'': herb * '' Justicia spicigera'': herb

''
Pseuderanthemum ''Pseuderanthemum'' is a genus of plants in family Acanthaceae with a pantropical distribution. Species The following 130 species are accepted by Plants of the World Online * ''Pseuderanthemum alatum'' * ''Pseuderanthemum albiflorum'' * '' ...
''

* '' Pseuderanthemum praecox'': herb * '' Pseuderanthemum standleyi'': herb

''
Ruellia ''Ruellia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias. They are not closely related to petunias (''Petunia'') although both genera belong to the same euasterids I, euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of ...
''

* ''

Ruellia bourgaei ''Ruellia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias. They are not closely related to petunias (''Petunia'') although both genera belong to the same euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of Jean Ruelle (1 ...

'': shrub * ''

Ruellia jaliscana ''Ruellia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias. They are not closely related to petunias (''Petunia'') although both genera belong to the same euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of Jean Ruelle (1 ...

'': shrub * '' Ruellia mcvaughii'': shrub * '' Ruellia novogaliciana'': shrub * '' Ruellia spissa'': herb * '' Ruellia stemonacanthoides'': herb

''
Tetramerium ''Tetramerium'' is a genus of plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It is found in the Americas, ranging from the southwestern United States to Bolivia, especially in tropical dry forests. Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck first ...
''

* '' Tetramerium glandulosum'': herb * ''

Tetramerium nervosum ''Tetramerium'' is a genus of plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It is found in the Americas, ranging from the southwestern United States to Bolivia, especially in tropical dry forests. Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck first ...

'': herb * '' Tetramerium tenuissimum'': herb

''
Ruellia ''Ruellia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias. They are not closely related to petunias (''Petunia'') although both genera belong to the same euasterids I, euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of ...
'' or ''Blechum''

* '' Blechum brownei'': herb

Actinidiaceae The Actinidiaceae are a small family (biology), family of flowering plants. The family has three genus, genera and about 360 species and is a member of the order Ericales. Distribution They are temperate and subtropical woody plant, woody vines, ...

''
Saurauia ''Saurauia'' is a genus of plants in the family Actinidiaceae. It comprises about over 300 species distributed in the tropics and subtropics of Asia and South and Central America. Genetic evidence and the cell biology of the group support monophy ...
''

* '' Saurauia serrata'': tree – '

Aizoaceae The Aizoaceae (), or fig-marigold family, is a large family of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genera and about 1,800 species. Several genera are commonly known as 'ice plants' or 'carpet weeds'. The Aizoaceae are also referred to a ...
or
Molluginaceae The Molluginaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants recognized by several taxonomists. It was previously included in the larger family Aizoaceae. The APG III system of 2009 made no change in the status of the family as compared ...

''
Mollugo ''Mollugo'' is a genus in the flowering plant family Molluginaceae. It comprises a few dozen species of herbaceous plant Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants in ...
''

* '' Mollugo verticillata''

''
Trianthema ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...
''

* ''

Trianthema portulacastrum ''Trianthema portulacastrum'' is a species of flowering plant in the ice plant family known by the common names desert horsepurslane, black pigweed, and giant pigweed. It is native to areas of several continents, including Africa and North and S ...

'': herb

Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae ( ) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus '' Amaranthus''. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, maki ...

''
Achyranthes ''Achyranthes'' is a genus of medicinal plants, medicinal and ornamental plants in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. Chaff flower is a common name for plants in this genus. Species include: * ''Achyranthes ancistrophora'' C.C.Towns. * ''Achyr ...
''

* '' Achyranthes aspera'': herb – '

''
Alternanthera ''Alternanthera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It is a widespread genus with most species occurring in the tropics, tropical Americas,Sánchez-Del Pino, I., et al. (2012)Molecular phylogenetics of ''Alternanthera'' ...
''

* '' Alternanthera achyrantha'': herb

''
Amaranthus ''Amaranthus'' is a cosmopolitan group of more than 50 species which make up the genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants collectively known as amaranths. Some names include " prostrate pigweed" and " love lies bleeding". Some amaranth ...
''

* ''

Amaranthus cruentus ''Amaranthus cruentus'' is a flowering plant species that is native from Central Mexico to Nicaragua. It yields a nutritious staple amaranth grain, being one of three '' Amaranthus'' species cultivated as a grain source, the other two being '' ...

'': herb * ''

Amaranthus dubius ''Amaranthus'' is a cosmopolitan group of more than 50 species which make up the genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants collectively known as amaranths. Some names include " prostrate pigweed" and " love lies bleeding". Some amaranth ...

'': herb – ', ', ' * ''

Amaranthus hybridus ''Amaranthus hybridus'', commonly called green amaranth, slim amaranth, smooth amaranth, smooth pigweed, or red amaranth, is a species of annual flowering plant. It is a weedy species found now over much of North America and introduced into Europ ...

'': herb – ' * ''

Amaranthus palmeri ''Amaranthus palmeri'' is a species of edible flowering plant in the amaranth genus. It has several common names, including carelessweed, dioecious amaranth, Palmer's amaranth, Palmer amaranth, and Palmer's pigweed. It is native to most of the s ...

'': herb – ' * ''

Amaranthus polygonoides ''Amaranthus'' is a cosmopolitan group of more than 50 species which make up the genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants collectively known as amaranths. Some names include "prostrate pigweed" and " love lies bleeding". Some amaranth sp ...

'': herb * ''

Amaranthus spinosus ''Amaranthus spinosus'', commonly known as the spiny amaranth, spiny pigweed, prickly amaranth or thorny amaranth, is a plant that is native to the tropical Americas, but is present on most continents as an introduced species and sometimes a noxi ...

'': herb – '

''
Celosia ''Celosia'' ( ) is a small genus of edible and ornamental plants in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. Its species are commonly known as woolflowers, or, if the flower heads are crested by fasciation, cockscombs. The plants are well known in E ...
''

* '' Celosia orcutti'': herb

''
Chamissoa ''Chamissoa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae of the Caryophyllales order. The genus was named in honor of 19th century botanist Adelbert von Chamisso, by Carl Sigismund Kunth. It is native to North and South America. ...
''

* ''

Chamissoa altissima ''Chamissoa altissima'', or false chaff flower, is native to North and South America. In Brazil it grows in the Cerrado vegetation.

'': herb – '

'' Froelichia''

* '' Froelichia interrupta'': herb

''
Gomphrena ''Gomphrena'' is a genus of plants in the family Amaranthaceae. They are known as the globe amaranths. The genus includes 139 species, which are native to the Americas (southern United States to southern Argentina), western and central tropical ...
''

* '' Gomphrena decumbens'': herb

''
Iresine ''Iresine'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It contains 20 to 25 species, all of which are native to the American tropics. The generic name is derived from the Greek word εριος (''erios''), meaning "wooly", refer ...
''

* '' Iresine angustifolia'': herb – ' * '' Iresine calea'': herb * ''

Iresine cassiniiformis ''Iresine'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It contains 20 to 25 species, all of which are native to the American tropics. The generic name is derived from the Greek word εριος (''erios''), meaning "wooly", refer ...

'': herb * ''

Iresine diffusa ''Iresine diffusa'', or Juba's bush, is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae ( ) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus '' Amaranthus''. It includes the fo ...

'': herb – ' * ''

Iresine hartmanii ''Iresine'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It contains 20 to 25 species, all of which are native to the American tropics. The generic name is derived from the Greek word εριος (''erios''), meaning "wooly", refer ...

'': herb * ''

Iresine interrupta ''Iresine'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Amaranthaceae. It contains 20 to 25 species, all of which are native to the Americas, American tropics. The generic name is derived from the Greek language, Greek word ε� ...

'': herb – ' * ''

Iresine nigra ''Iresine'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It contains 20 to 25 species, all of which are native to the American tropics. The generic name is derived from the Greek word εριος (''erios''), meaning "wooly", refer ...

'': herb – '

'' Lagrezia''

* '' Lagrezia monosperma'': herb

'' Pleuropetalum''

* '' Pleuropetalum sprucei'': herb

Anacardiaceae The Anacardiaceae, commonly known as the cashew family or sumac family, are a family of flowering plants, including about 83 genera with about 860 known species. Members of the Anacardiaceae bear fruits that are drupes and in some cases produce ...

'' Amphipterygium''

* ''

Amphipterygium adstringens ''Amphipterygium adstringens'', or the cuachalalate, is an ancient medicinal plant that has been commercially used in Mexico for centuries. Because of its ever-growing popularity and since the most sought after part of the plant is its bark, the c ...

''
Astronium ''Astronium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It is native to Central and South America. ''Astronium'' is a genus of dioecious trees. Leaves are deciduous, alternate, and odd-pinnate. Species , Plants of the ...
''

* '' Astronium graveolenss''

'' Cyrtocarpa''

* ''

Cyrtocarpa procera The Chupandia (''Cyrtocarpa procera'') is a tropical species of tree in the sumac family which is found throughout Mexico. It has been cultivated since ancient times, and its edible fruit is still popular in Mexico today. Its bark is used as a su ...

''
Pistacia ''Pistacia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It contains 10 to 20 species that are native to Africa and Eurasia from the Canary Islands, all of Africa, and southern Europe, warm and semidesert areas across Asia ...
''

* '' Pistacia mexicana'': tree – '

'' Pseudosmodingium''

* ''

Pseudosmodingium perniciosum ''Pseudosmodingium'' is a genus of plants in the subfamily Anacardioideae of the cashew and sumac family (Anacardiaceae) endemic to Mexico. Species Five species are accepted. * ''Pseudosmodingium andrieuxii'' * ''Pseudosmodingium barkleyi'' * ...

''
Rhus Sumac or sumach ( , )—not to be confused with poison sumac—is any of the roughly 35 species of flowering plants in the genus ''Rhus'' (and related genera) of the cashew and mango tree family, Anacardiaceae. However, it is '' Rhus coriaria' ...
''

* ''

Rhus pachyrrhachis Sumac or sumach ( , )—not to be confused with poison sumac—is any of the roughly 35 species of flowering plants in the genus ''Rhus'' (and related genera) of the cashew and mango tree family, Anacardiaceae. However, it is ''Rhus coriaria'' ...

'' * ''

Rhus schmidelioides Sumac or sumach ( , )—not to be confused with Toxicodendron vernix, poison sumac—is any of the roughly 35 species of flowering plants in the genus ''Rhus'' (and related genera) of the cashew and mango tree family, Anacardiaceae. However, it ...

'' * ''

Rhus terebinthifolia Sumac or sumach ( , )—not to be confused with Toxicodendron vernix, poison sumac—is any of the roughly 35 species of flowering plants in the genus ''Rhus'' (and related genera) of the cashew and mango tree family, Anacardiaceae. However, it ...

''
Spondias ''Spondias'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. The genus consists of 17 described species, 7 of which are native to the Neotropics and about 10 are native to tropical Asia. They are commonly named hog plums, Sp ...
''

* ''

Spondias purpurea ''Spondias purpurea'' is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae, that is native to tropical regions of the Americas, from Mexico to northern Colombia and the southwest Caribbean Islands. It has also been introduced to a ...

'': tree – ', '

''
Toxicodendron ''Toxicodendron'' is a genus of flowering plants in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae. It contains trees, shrubs and woody vines, including poison ivy, poison oak, and the lacquer tree. All members of the genus produce the skin-irritating oil ...
''

* ''

Toxicodendron radicans ''Toxicodendron radicans'', commonly known as eastern poison ivy or poison ivy, is a species of allergenic flowering plant. It has numerous subtaxons and forms both vines and shrubs. Despite its common name, it is not a true ivy, but rather a m ...

'':

vine A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word ''vine'' can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.Jackson; Benjamin; Da ...

– ' * ''Toxicodendron radicans'' var. ''divaricatum'': vine – '

Apiaceae Apiaceae () or Umbelliferae is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus ''Apium,'' and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering p ...

''
Eryngium ''Eryngium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. There are about 250 species. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with centres of diversity in the western Mediterranean, South America and Mexico.Calviño, C.I., Martíne ...
''

* '' Eryngium palmeri''

Annonaceae The Annonaceae are a Family (biology), family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest ...

''
Annona ''Annona'' or Anona (from Taíno ''annon'') is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/ sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after '' Guatteria'', containing approximately 166
''

* ''

Annona cherimola The cherimoya (''Annona cherimola''), also spelled chirimoya and called chirimuya by the Quechua people, is a species of edible fruit-bearing plant in the genus ''Annona'', from the family Annonaceae, which includes the closely related sweetsop ...

'': tree – ' * '' Annona longifolia'': tree – ' * ''

Annona muricata Soursop (also called graviola, guyabano, and in Latin America ) is the fruit of ''Annona muricata'', a broadleaf, flowering, evergreen tree. It is native to the tropical regions of the Americas and the Caribbean and is widely propagated. It ...

'': tree – ', ' * ''

Annona purpurea ''Annona purpurea'' is an edible fruit and medicinal plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Mexico, Central America, and parts of South America. Its common names include soncoya, sincuya, and cabeza de negro. Description It is a small t ...

'': tree – ', ', ', ' * ''

Annona reticulata ''Annona reticulata'' is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree in the plant family Annonaceae. It is best known for its fruit, called custard apple, a common name shared with fruits of several other species in the same genus: ''Annona cherim ...

'': tree – ', ', ' * ''

Annona squamosa ''Annona squamosa'' is a small, well-branched tree or shrub from the family Annonaceae that bears edible fruits called sugar apples or sweetsops or custard apples. It tolerates a tropical lowland climate better than its relatives ''Annona reticul ...

'': tree – sugar apple

Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (, from '' Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison. Notable mem ...
or Asclepiadaceae

''
Asclepias ''Asclepias'' is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic to huma ...
''

* '' Asclepias angustifolia'': herb * '' Asclepias auriculata'': herb * '' Asclepias contrayerba'': herb * '' Asclepias crocea'': herb * ''

Asclepias curassavica ''Asclepias curassavica'', commonly known as tropical milkweed, is a flowering plant species of the milkweed genus, ''Asclepias''. It is native to the Neotropical realm, American tropics and has a pantropical distribution as an introduced species ...

'': herb – ', ', ' * ''

Asclepias glaucescens ''Asclepias'' is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic to huma ...

'': herb * '' Asclepias mcvaughii'': herb * '' Asclepias ovata'': herb – ' * '' Asclepias pellucida'': herb * ''

Asclepias pringlei ''Asclepias'' is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic to huma ...

'': herb * ''Asclepias'' '' sp. nov.'': herb

''
Blepharodon ''Blepharodon'' is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1844. They are native primarily to South America, with one species extending into Central America and Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican ...
''

* '' Blepharodon mucronatum'': vine

'' Cryptostegia''

* ''

Cryptostegia grandiflora ''Cryptostegia grandiflora'', commonly known as rubber vine, is a woody-perennial vine that is native to south-west Madagascar. It is also a significant weed in northern Australia, sometimes regarded as the worst weed in all of Australia. It has ...

'': vine – rubber vine, '

''
Cynanchum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...
''

* '' Cynanchum foetidum'': vine * '' Cynanchum jaliscanum'': vine * '' Cynanchum ligulatum'': vine * '' Cynanchum unifarium'': vine * ''

Cynanchum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...

sp. nov.'': vine

''
Funastrum ''Funastrum'' is a genus of flowering plant now in the family Apocynaceae. The name is derived from the Latin word ''funis'', meaning "rope", and ''astrum'', alluding to the twining stems. Members of the genus are commonly known as twinevines. S ...
''

(Formerly ''Sarcostemma'') * '' Funastrum bilobum'': vine * '' Funastrum clausum'': vine * '' Funastrum elegans'': vine * '' Funastrum heterophyllum'': vine * '' Funastrum pannosum'': vine

''
Gonolobus ''Gonolobus'' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae, first described in 1803. It is native to South America, Central America, Mexico, the West Indies, and the southern United States. Species 124 species are accepted. * ''Gonolobus absalonen ...
''

* ''

Gonolobus chloranthus ''Gonolobus'' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae, first described in 1803. It is native to South America, Central America, Mexico, the West Indies, and the southern United States. Species 124 species are accepted. * '' Gonolobus absalone ...

'': vine * '' Gonolobus jaliscensis'': vine * '' Gonolobus macranthus'': vine * ''Gonolobus sp. nov.'' 1: vine * ''Gonolobus sp. nov.'' 2: vine

''
Marsdenia ''Marsdenia'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1810. It is named in honor of the plant collector and Secretary of the Admiralty, William Marsden (orientalist), William Marsden. The plants are native to ...
''

* '' Marsdenia astephanoides'': vine * '' Marsdenia lanata'': vine * '' Marsdenia mexicana'': vine

''
Matelea ''Matelea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It contains about 200 species, which are commonly known as milkvines. Some people consider '' Chthamalia'' to be a synonym to or a subgenus of ''Matelea''. Species , Plants of ...
''

* '' Matelea aspera'': vine * '' Matelea balbisii'': vine * ''

Matelea chrysantha ''Matelea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It contains about 200 species, which are commonly known as milkvines. Some people consider '' Chthamalia'' to be a synonym to or a subgenus of ''Matelea''. Species , Plants of ...

'': vine * ''

Matelea crenata ''Matelea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It contains about 200 species, which are commonly known as milkvines. Some people consider '' Chthamalia'' to be a synonym to or a subgenus of ''Matelea''. Species , Plants of ...

'': vine * '' Matelea cyclophylla'': vine * '' Matelea dictyantha'': vine * '' Matelea pavonii'': vine * '' Matelea quirosii'': vine * ''Matelea sp.'': vine * ''Matelea sp. nov.'': vine

'' Mellichampia''

* ''Mellichampia'' sp.: vine

''
Metastelma ''Metastelma'' is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (, from '' Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogban ...
''

* ''Metastelma'' sp.: vine

Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (, from '' Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison. Notable mem ...

''
Alstonia ''Alstonia'' is a widespread genus of evergreen trees and shrubs, of the family Apocynaceae. It was named by Robert Brown in 1811, after Charles Alston (1685–1760), professor of botany at Edinburgh from 1716 to 1760. The type species ''Alston ...
''

* '' Alstonia longifolia'': tree

''
Haplophyton ''Haplophyton'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described in 1844. It is native to the southwestern United States, Mexico, Cuba, and Guatemala. It is a suffrutescent herb with alternative leaves and showy colorful flowers. ...
''

* '' Haplophyton cinereum'': herb

'' Laubertia''

* '' Laubertia contorta''

''
Mandevilla ''Mandevilla'' is a genus of tropical and subtropical flowering vines belonging to the family Apocynaceae. It was first described as a genus in 1840. A common name is rocktrumpet. ''Mandevilla'' species are native to the Southwestern United St ...
''

* '' Mandevilla andrieuxii'': vine * '' Mandevilla foliosa'': vine * '' Mandevilla subsagittata'': vine * '' Mandevilla syrinx'': vine

''
Plumeria ''Plumeria'' (), also known as frangipani, is a genus of flowering plants in the subfamily Rauvolfioideae, of the family Apocynaceae. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees. The species are native to the Neotropical realm (in Mexico, ...
''

* ''

Plumeria obtusa ''Plumeria obtusa'', the Singapore graveyard flower, is a species of the genus ''Plumeria'' (Apocynaceae). It is native to the Neotropics, but widely cultivated for its ornamental and fragrant flowers around the world, where suitably warm climate ...

'': shrub – ', ' * ''

Plumeria rubra ''Plumeria rubra'' is a deciduous plant species belonging to the genus ''Plumeria''."Botanica. The Illustrated AZ of over 10000 garden plants and how to cultivate them", p. 691. Könemann, 2004. Originally native to Mexico, Central America, Col ...

'': shrub – ', '

'' Prestonia''

* '' Prestonia mexicana'': shrub

''
Rauvolfia ''Rauvolfia'' (sometimes spelled ''Rauwolfia'') is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs, commonly known as devil peppers, in the family Apocynaceae. The genus is named to honor Leonhard Rauwolf. The genus can mainly be found in Tropics, trop ...
''

* '' Rauvolfia canescens'': * ''

Rauvolfia tetraphylla ''Rauvolfia tetraphylla'' is a plant in the family Apocynaceae, growing as a bush or small tree. It is commonly known as the be still tree or devil-pepper. The plant is native to Mexico, Central America, West Indies, and northern South America. I ...

'': shrub

'' Stemmadenia''

* '' Stemmadenia donnell-smithii'': shrub – ' * '' Stemmadenia tomentosa'': shrub – ', ', '

''
Tabernaemontana ''Tabernaemontana'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It has a pan-tropical distribution, found in Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, South America, and islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. These plants are everg ...
''

* ''

Tabernaemontana alba ''Tabernaemontana alba'', the white milkwood, is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae.''Tabernaemontan ...

'': shrub

'' Thenardia''

* '' Thenardia floribunda'': tree

'' Thevetia''

* '' Thevetia ovata'': shrub

''
Vallesia ''Vallesia'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1794. It is native to South America, Central America, Mexico, Florida, the Galápagos Islands, and the West Indies. ;Species * ''Vallesia antillana'' Woods ...
''

* ''Vallesia sp. nov.''

''
Vinca ''Vinca'' (; Latin: ''vincire'' "to bind, fetter") is an Old World genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, The English name periwinkle is shared with the related genus '' Catharanthus'' (and with the mollusc '' Littorina littorea'') ...
''

* ''

Vinca major ''Vinca major'', with the common names bigleaf periwinkle, large periwinkle, greater periwinkle and blue periwinkle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, native to the western Mediterranean. Growing to tall and spreading i ...

'': perennial

groundcover Groundcover or ground cover is any plant that grows low over an area of ground, which protects the topsoil from erosion and drought. In a terrestrial ecosystem, the ground cover forms the layer of vegetation below the shrub layer known as the ...

– '

Aquifoliaceae ''Ilex'' () or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. ''Ilex'' has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or ...

''
Ilex ''Ilex'' () or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. ''Ilex'' has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or ...
''

* '' Ilex brandegeana'': cloud forest * ''

Ilex tolucana ''Ilex tolucana'' is a tree species in the family Aquifoliaceae, native to the mountains of Mexico and Central America from east-central Sonora south to El Salvador. Habitat and ecology ''Ilex tolucana'' is a tree up to 15 m tall, found in oak ...

'': ivy

Araliaceae The Araliaceae are a family of flowering plants composed of about 43 genera and around 1500 species consisting of primarily woody plants and some herbaceous plants commonly called the ginseng family. The morphology of Araliaceae varies widely ...

''
Aralia ''Aralia'' , or spikenard, is a genus of the family Araliaceae, consisting of 68 accepted species of deciduous or evergreen trees, shrubs, and rhizomatous herbaceous perennials. The genus is native to Asia and the Americas, with most species oc ...
''

* '' Aralia humilis'': tree – '

''
Dendropanax ''Dendropanax'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araliaceae, consisting of 92 species of evergreen trees and shrubs, first described by Joseph Decaisne & Jules Émile Planchon in 1854.Decaisne, J. & Planchon, J.E. (1854) Rev. Hort. ar ...
''

* '' Dendropanax arboreus'': cloud forest

''
Oreopanax ''Oreopanax'' is a genus of shrubs and trees in the family Araliaceae, comprising circa 85 species native to the Americas. Distribution ''Oreopanax'' species' range extends from Mexico and the Antilles to Argentina and Brazil, with most species ...
''

* '' Oreopanax echinops'': tree – ' * '' Oreopanax peltatus'': tree * '' Oreopanax santanderianus'': tree * ''

Oreopanax xalapensis ''Oreopanax'' is a genus of shrubs and trees in the family Araliaceae, comprising circa 85 species native to the Americas. Distribution ''Oreopanax'' species' range extends from Mexico and the Antilles to Argentina and Brazil, with most species ...

'': tree – cloud forest

Aristolochiaceae The Aristolochiaceae () are a family, the birthwort family, of flowering plants with seven genera and about 400 known species belonging to the order Piperales. The type genus is '' Aristolochia'' L. Description They are mostly perennial, her ...

''
Aristolochia ''Aristolochia'' () is a large plant genus with over 500 species that is the type genus of the family Aristolochiaceae. Its members are commonly known as birthwort, pipevine or Dutchman's pipe and are widespread and occur in the most diverse clim ...
''

* '' Aristolochia buntingii'': vine * '' Aristolochia foetida'': vine * '' Aristolochia malacophylla'': vine * '' Aristolochia styloglossa'': vine – ' * '' Aristolochia taliscana'': vine – ', ' * '' Aristolochia tequilana'': vine – '

Balsaminaceae The Balsaminaceae (commonly known as the balsam family) are a family of dicotyledonous plants, comprising two genera: ''Impatiens'', which consists of over 1000 species, and '' Hydrocera'', consisting of 1 species. The flowering plants may be an ...

''
Impatiens ''Impatiens'' is a genus of more than 1,000 species of flowering plants, widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and the tropics. Together with the genus ''Hydrocera'' (one species), ''Impatiens'' make up the family (biology), f ...
''

* ''

Impatiens balsamina ''Impatiens balsamina'', commonly known as balsam, garden balsam, rose balsam, touch-me-not or spotted snapweed, is a species of plant native to India and Myanmar. It is an annual plant growing to 20–75 cm tall, with a thick, but soft st ...

'': herb – '

Basellaceae Basellaceae is a family (biology), family of flowering plants in the order Caryophyllales, in the clade core eudicots, according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The family comprises 19 known species of herbaceous plants in four genera: * ''An ...

''
Anredera ''Anredera'' is a genus of plants native to Latin America, the West Indies, Texas, and Florida. Some are naturalized in other regions (notably Mediterranean region and on various oceanic islands). Most of them evergreen vines of dry scrubland a ...
''

* ''

Anredera vesicaria ''Anredera vesicaria'', common names Texas madeiravine or sacasile, and the related '' A. cordifolia'' are the only two species of the family Basellaceae known to occur in the wild in the contiguous United States. Both are sometimes cultivated fo ...

'': vine

Begoniaceae Begoniaceae is a family of flowering plants with two genera and about 2040 species occurring in the subtropics and tropics of both the New World and Old World. All but one of the species are in the genus ''Begonia''. There have been many recent ...

''
Begonia ''Begonia'' is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Begoniaceae. The genus contains more than 2,000 different plant species. The Begonias are native to moist subtropical and tropical climates. Some species are commonly grown ...
''

* '' Begonia balmisiana'': herb – ' * '' Begonia biserrata'': herb * '' Begonia calderonii'': herb * '' Begonia gracilis'': annual herb * '' Begonia heracleifolia'': herb * '' Begonia lachaoensis'': herb * '' Begonia monophylla'': herb * '' Begonia oaxacana'': herb * '' Begonia ornithophylla'': herb * '' Begonia plebeja'': herb * '' Begonia stigmosa'': herb * '' Begonia uruapensis'': herb * ''Begonia'' sp. 1: herb * ''Begonia'' sp. 2: herb * ''Begonia'' sp. 3: herb

Berberidaceae The Berberidaceae are a family (biology), family of 18 genera of flowering plants commonly called the barberry family. This family is in the order (biology), order Ranunculales. The family contains about 700 known species, of which the majority ...

''
Berberis ''Berberis'' (), commonly known as barberry, is a large genus of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from tall, found throughout temperate and subtropical regions of the world (apart from Australia). Species diversity is greatest in South America a ...
''

* '' Berberis incerta'': shrub

Betulaceae Betulaceae, the birch family, includes six genera of deciduous nut-bearing trees and shrubs, including the birches, alders, hazels, hornbeams, hazel-hornbeam, and hop-hornbeams, numbering a total of 167 species. They are mostly natives of ...

''
Alnus Alders are trees of the genus ''Alnus'' in the birch family Betulaceae. The genus includes about 35 species of monoecious trees and shrubs, a few reaching a large size, distributed throughout the north temperate zone with a few species ext ...
''

* '' Alnus acuminata arguta'': tree – ' * ''

Alnus jorullensis ''Alnus jorullensis'', commonly known as Mexican alder, is an evergreen or semi-evergreen alder, native to eastern and southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. Although previously reported from the Andes, further collections showed these to be t ...

'': tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest – ' * '' Alnus jorullensis lutea'': tree – '

''
Carpinus Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the family Betulaceae. Its species occur across much of the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names The common English name ''hornbeam'' derives from the hard ...
''

* ''

Carpinus tropicalis ''Carpinus tropicalis'' is a species of tree native to central and southern Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Description ''Carpinus tropicalis'' is small to medium-sized tree which grows up to tall, with a trunk up to i ...

'': cloud forest, pine-oak forest – '

''
Ostrya ''Ostrya'' is a genus of eight to 10 small deciduous trees belonging to the birch family Betulaceae. Common names include hop-hornbeam and hophornbeam. It may also be called ironwood, a name shared with a number of other plants. The genus is na ...
''

* ''

Ostrya virginiana ''Ostrya virginiana'', the American hophornbeam, is a species of ''Ostrya'' native to eastern North America, from Nova Scotia west to southern Manitoba and eastern Wyoming, southeast to northern Florida and southwest to eastern Texas. Populations ...

'': cloud forest – ', '

Bignoniaceae Bignoniaceae () is a Family (biology), family of flowering plants in the Order (biology), order Lamiales commonly known as the bignonias or trumpet vines.Vernon H. Heywood, Richard K. Brummitt, Ole Seberg, and Alastair Culham. ''Flowering Plant ...

''
Amphilophium ''Amphilophium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to South America. ''Amphilophium crucigerum'' (syn. ''Pithecoctenium crucigerum'') has escaped from cultivation elsewhere, and has become an invasive weed in Austr ...
''

* '' Amphilophium paniculatum'': vine * '' Amphilophium paniculatum paniculatum'': vine

''
Astianthus ''Astianthus'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Bignoniaceae family.Eberhard Fischer, Inge Theisen, and Lúcia G. Lohmann. 2004. "Bignoniaceae". pages 9-38. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor) and Joachim W. Kadereit (volume editor). ''The ...
''

* ''

Astianthus viminalis ''Astianthus'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Bignoniaceae family.Eberhard Fischer, Inge Theisen, and Lúcia G. Lohmann. 2004. "Bignoniaceae". pages 9-38. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor) and Joachim W. Kadereit (volume editor). ''The ...

'': shrub – ', ',

''
Crescentia ''Crescentia'' (calabash tree, huingo, krabasi, or kalebas) is a genus of six species of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America. The species are moderate-size tre ...
''

* ''

Crescentia alata ''Crescentia alata'', variously called Mexican calabash, jícaro, morro, morrito, or winged calabash, is a plant species in the family Bignoniaceae and in the genus ''Crescentia'', native to southern Mexico and Central America south to Costa Ric ...

'': shrub tree – '

'' Distictis''

* ''Distictis buccinatoria'': shrub tree – '

''Melloa''

* ''Melloa quadrivalvis'': shrub tree – ', '

''Pithecoctenium''

* ''Pithecoctenium crucigerum'': shrub tree

''Tabebuia''

* ''Tabebuia chrysantha'': shrub – ' * ''Tabebuia rosea'': shrub – '

''Tecoma''

* ''Tecoma stans'': shrub – ', '

Bixaceae

''Bixa''

* ''Bixa orellana'': shrub or tree – '

Bombacaceae

''Bernoullia''

* ''Bernoullia flammea''

''Ceiba''

* ''Ceiba acuminata'': tree * ''Ceiba aesculifolia'': tree – ' * ''Ceiba pentandra'': tree – ', '

''Pseudobombax''

* ''Pseudobombax ellipticum'' – ' * ''Pseudobombax palmeri'': tree

Boraginaceae

''Bourreria''

* ''Bourreria superba''

''Cordia''

* ''Cordia alliodora'': tree – ' * ''Cordia cordiformis'': tree * ''Cordia diversifolia'': tree – ' * ''Cordia eleagnoides'': tree – ' * ''Cordia inermis'': tree * ''Cordia morelosana'': tree * ''Cordia prunifolia'': tree – ' * ''Cordia salvadorensis'': tree * ''Cordia spinescens'': tree – ', ', '

''Ehretia''

* ''Ehretia latifolia'': tree

''Heliotropium''

* ''Heliotropium fallax'': herb * ''Heliotropium indicum'': annual herb – ', ' * ''Heliotropium procumbens'': herb * ''Heliotropium rufipilum'': herb – '

''Macromeria''

* ''Macromeria exserta'': herb * ''Macromeria longiflora'': herb

''Tournefortia''

* ''Tournefortia acutiflora'': herb * ''Tournefortia hirsutissima'': herb * ''Tournefortia mutabilis'': herb * ''Tournefortia petiolaris'': herb * ''Tournefortia volubilis'': herb * ''Tournefortia petiolaris'': herb * ''Tournefortia petiolaris'': herb

Buddlejaceae

''Buddleja''

* ''Buddleja cordata'': shrub – butterfly bush, ', ' * ''Buddleja parviflora'': shrub – ' * ''Buddleja sessiliflora'': shrub – '

Burseraceae

''Bursera''

* ''Bursera bipinata'': tree * ''Bursera bipinata'' × ''Bursera copalifera'': tree * ''Bursera copalifera'': tree * ''Bursera diversifolia'': tree * ''Bursera fagaroides'': tree – ', ' * ''Bursera grandifolia'': tree – ' * ''Bursera graveolens'': tree – ' * ''Bursera heteresthes'': tree * ''Bursera kerberi'': tree * ''Bursera multijuga'': tree * ''Bursera penicillata'': tree * ''Bursera rhoifolia'': tree * ''Bursera schlechtendalii'': tree * ''Bursera simaruba'': tree – ' * ''Bursera sp. nov.''

''Commiphora''

* ''Commiphora sarcopoda'': tree

''Terebinthus''

* ''Terebinthus acuminata'': tree

Cactaceae

''Acanthocereus''

* ''Acanthocereus occidentalis'': vine cactus

''Cephalocereus''

* ''Cephalocereus alensis'': barrel cactus – '

''Epiphyllum''

* ''Epiphyllum anguliger'': vine cactus – '

''Ferocactus''

* ''Ferocactus reppenhagenii'': barrel cactus – '

''Heliocereus''

* ''Heliocereus speciosus'': vine cactus – '

''Hylocereus''

* ''Hylocereus ocamponis'': vine cactus – ' * ''Hylocereus purpusii'': vine cactus

''Mammillaria''

* ''Mammillaria beneckei'': barrel cactus * ''Mammillaria reppenhagenii'': barrel cactus – ' * ''Mammillaria scrippsiana'': barrel cactus * ''Mammillaria supraflumen'': barrel cactus

''Neobuxbaumia''

* ''Neobuxbaumia mezcalensis''

''Nopalea''

* ''Nopalea karwinskiana'': nopal cactus – prickly pear, ', '

''Opuntia''

* ''Opuntia atropes'': nopal cactus * ''Opuntia fuliginosa'': nopal cactus – ', ' * ''Opuntia puberula'': nopal cactus – '

''Pachycereus''

* ''Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum'' – ', ', '

''Peniocereus''

* ''Peniocereus cuixmalensis'': vine cactus

''Pereskiopsis''

* ''Pereskiopsis aquosa'': cactus bush * ''Pereskiopsis diguetii'': cactus bush – ', '

''Rhipsalis''

* ''Rhipsalis baccifera'': cactus herb

''Selenicereus''

* ''Selenicereus atropilosus'': vine cactus * ''Selenicereus vagans'': vine cactus

''Stenocereus''

* ''Stenocereus queretaroensis'' – ', ', '

Callitrichaceae

''Callitriche''

* ''Callitriche heterophylla'': aquatic herb

Campanulaceae or Lobeliaceae

''Diastatea''

* ''Diastatea micrantha''

''Heterotoma (plant), Heterotoma''

* ''Heterotoma lobelioides'' var. ''glabra'': annual herb

''Lobelia''

* ''Lobelia cordifolia'': annual herb * ''Lobelia fenestralis'': annual herb * ''Lobelia jaliscensis'': annual herb – ' * ''Lobelia laxiflora'': annual herb * ''Lobelia longicaulis'': annual herb * ''Lobelia occidentalis'': annual herb

Capparaceae

''Capparis''

* ''Capparis mollicella'': shrub – caper, ' * ''Capparis quiriguensis'': shrub

''Cleome''

* ''Cleome pilosa'': annual herb * ''Cleome speciosa'': annual herb – ' * ''Cleome tenuis'': annual herb – ' * ''Cleome viscosa'': annual herb

''Crateva''

* ''Crateva palmeri'': tree – ', '

''Morisonia''

* ''Morisonia americana'': tree – ', ', '

Capparaceae or Resedaceae

''Forchhammeria''

* ''Forchhammeria pallida'' * ''Forchhammeria sessifolia''

Caprifoliaceae

''Lonicera''

* ''Lonicera acutifolia'': shrub – honeysuckle

''Symphoricarpos''

* ''Symphoricarpos microphyllus'': shrub

Caprifoliaceae or Adoxaceae

''Viburnum''

* ''Viburnum hartwegii'': shrub * ''Viburnum microcarpum'': shrub

Caricaceae

''Carica''

* ''Carica papaya'': tree – papaya

''Jacaratia''

* ''Jacaratia mexicana'': tree – '

''Jarilla (genus), Jarilla''

* ''Jarilla chocola'': tree

Caryophyllaceae

''Arenaria (plant), Arenaria''

* ''Arenaria lanuginosa'': herb – sandwort * ''Arenaria megalantha'': herb – sandwort

''Cerastium''

* ''Cerastium nutans'': herb – chickweed * ''Cerastium sinaloense'': herb – chickweed

''Drymaria''

* ''Drymaria cordata'': herb * ''Drymaria excisa'': herb * ''Drymaria gracilis'': herb * ''Drymaria minuscula'': herb * ''Drymaria villosa'': herb

''Stellaria''

* ''Stellaria'' spp.: herbs – starwort, stitchwort; (formerly the now-obsolete genus ''Alsine'') ** ''Stellaria cuspidata'': herb – chickweed

Celastraceae

''Celastrus''

* ''Celastrus pringlei'': shrub – ', '

''Perrottetia''

* ''Perrottetia longistylis'': bush

''Crossopetalum, Rhacoma''

* ''Rhacoma eucymosa'': tree * ''Rhacoma managuatillo''

''Schaefferia (plant), Schaefferia''

* ''Schaefferia frutescens'': shrub * ''Schaefferia pilosa'': shrub

''Wimmeria''

* ''Wimmeria lanceolata'': shrub – '

''Zinowiewia''

* ''Zinowiewia concinna'': shrub – cloud forest – '

Chenopodiaceae

''Chenopodium''

* ''Chenopodium ambrosioides'': annual herb – ' * ''Chenopodium graveolens'': annual herb – '

Chloranthaceae

''Hedyosmum''

* ''Hedyosmum mexicanum'': tree – cloud forest – '

Chrysobalanaceae

''Couepia''

* ''Couepia polyandra'': shrub – '

''Licania''

* ''Licania retifolia'': shrub

Clethraceae

''Clethra''

* ''Clethra fragans'': bush (not in Vazquez) * ''Clethra rosei'': bush – ', ' * ''Clethra vicentina'': bush – cloud forest, pine-oak forest – ' * ''Clethra'' sp.: bush

Cochlospermaceae or Bixaceae

''Cochlospermum''

* ''Cochlospermum vitifolium'': tree – '

Combretaceae

''Combretum''

* ''Combretum fruticosum'': vine or ' – ', '

Compositae or Asteraceae

''Acmella''

* ''Acmella alba'': herb – toothache plant * ''Acmella oppositifolia'': herb – toothache plant

''Ageratum''

* ''Ageratum corymbosum'': annual herb * ''Ageratum corymbosum'': annual herb * ''Ageratum corymbosum fo. albiflorum'': annual herb * ''Ageratum houstonianum'': annual herb

''Alloispermum''

* ''Alloispermum colimense'': annual herb * ''Alloispermum integrifolium'': annual herb * ''Alloispermum palmeri'' var. ''palmeri'': annual herb * ''Alloispermum scabrum'' var. ''scabrum'': annual herb

''Archibaccharis''

* ''Archibaccharis asperifolia'': shrub * ''Archibaccharis hieracioides'' var. ''glandulosa'': shrub * ''Archibaccharis schiedeana'': shrub * ''Archibaccharis serratifolia'': shrub

''Aster (genus), Aster or Symphyotrichum''

* ''Aster moranensis'': herb – ' * ''Aster subulatus'': herb

''Baccharis''

* ''Baccharis heterophylla'': shrub – ' * ''Baccharis multiflora'': shrub * ''Baccharis occidentalis'': shrub * ''Baccharis pteronioides'': shrub – ', ', ' * ''Baccharis salicifolia'': shrub – mule fat * ''Baccharis trinervis'': shrub – '

''Baltimora (plant), Baltimora''

* ''Baltimora geminata'': herb

''Bidens''

* ''Bidens acrifolia'': herb * ''Bidens aequisquama'' var. ''aequisquama'': herb * ''Bidens odorata'' var. ''odorata'': herb * ''Bidens odorata'' var. ''rosea'': herb * ''Bidens ostruthioides'': herb * ''Bidens pilosa'': herb – beggarticks, ' * ''Bidens reptans'' var. ''urbanii'': herb * ''Bidens riparia'' var. ''refracta'': herb * ''Bidens rostrata'': herb * ''Bidens squarrosa'': herb * ''Bidens triplinervia'': herb

''Brickellia''

* ''Brickellia adenolepis'': herb * ''Brickellia cardiophylla'': herb * ''Brickellia diffusa'': herb * ''Brickellia filipes'': herb * ''Brickellia jaliscensis'': herb * ''Brickellia magnifica'': shrub: * ''Brickellia scoparia'': herb or shrub * ''Brickellia secundiflora'' var. ''monticola'': herb or shrub * ''Brickellia squarrosa'': herb or shrub * ''Brickellia subuligera'': shrub

''Calea (plant), Calea''

* ''Calea urticifolia'' var. ''urticifolia'': shrub – ', ', '

''Carminatia''

* ''Carminatia recondita'': herb * ''Carminatia tenuiflora'': herb

''Chaptalia''

* ''Chaptalia leucocephala'': herb

''Chrysanthemum''

* ''Chrysanthemum indicum'' var. ''mexicanum'': herb

''Cirsium''

* ''Cirsium anartiolepis'': perennial root herb – thistle, ' * ''Cirsium ehrenbergii'': perennial root herb * ''Cirsium mexicanum'': perennial root herb * ''Cirsium tolucanum'': perennial root * ''Cirsium sp. nov.'': perennial root – '

''Clibadium''

* ''Clibadium arboreum'': herb

''Conyza''

* ''Conyza apurensis'': herb * ''Conyza bonariensis'': herb – ', '? * ''Conyza canadensis'': herb * ''Conyza confusa'': herb * ''Conyza coronopifolia'': herb * ''Conyza coulteri'': herb * ''Conyza microcephala'': herb * ''Conyza sophiifolia'': herb

''Coreopsis''

* ''Coreopsis petrophiloides'': herb

''Cosmos (plant), Cosmos''

* ''Cosmos bipinnatus'': herb – ' * ''Cosmos carvifolius'': herb * ''Cosmos intercedens'': herb * ''Cosmos sulphureus'': herb

''Cymophora''

* ''Cymophora hintonii'': herb

''Dahlia''

* ''Dahlia coccinea'': herb – ' * ''Dahlia tenuicaulis'': perennial bulb herb – '

''Decachaeta''

* ''Decachaeta haenkeana'': bush

''Delilia''

* ''Delilia biflora'': herb

''Desmanthodium''

* ''Desmanthodium fruticosum'': shrub

''Dyssodia''

* ''Dyssodia neomexicana'' var. ''pulcherrima'': herb * ''Dyssodia porophyllum'' var. ''cancellata'': shrub * ''Dyssodia squamosa'': shrub * ''Dyssodia tagetiflora'': shrub

''Eclipta (plant), Eclipta''

* ''Eclipta prostrata'': herb

''Elephantopus''

* ''Elephantopus mollis'': herb

''Erechtites''

* ''Erechtites hieraciifolius'': herb

''Erigeron''

* ''Erigeron longipes'': herb * ''Erigeron ortegae'' var. ''ortigae'': herb * ''Erigeron polycephalus'': herb * ''Erigeron velutipes'': herb – ', '

''Eupatorium''

* ''Eupatorium araliifolium'': shrub * ''Eupatorium areolare'': shrub * ''Eupatorium arsenei'': shrub * ''Eupatorium atrocordatum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium ceriferum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium chiapense'': shrub * ''Eupatorium choricephalum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium ciliatum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium collinum'': shrub – ' * ''Eupatorium conspicuum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium cronquistii'': shrub * ''Eupatorium cylindricum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium dolichobasis'': shrub * ''Eupatorium glaberrimum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium hebebotryum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium isolepis'': shrub * ''Eupatorium lasioneuron'': shrub * ''Eupatorium leptodictyon'': shrub * ''Eupatorium mairetianum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium malacolepis'': shrub * ''Eupatorium monanthum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium morifolium'': shrub * ''Eupatorium muelleri'': shrub * ''Eupatorium nelsonii'': shrub * ''Eupatorium odoratum'': herb – ' * ''Eupatorium oerstedianum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium oresbium'': shrub * ''Eupatorium ovaliflorum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium pauperculum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium pazcuarense'': shrub * ''Eupatorium pichinchense'': shrub * ''Eupatorium polybotryum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium quadrangulare'': shrub * ''Eupatorium ramireziorum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium rhomboideum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium scabrellum'': shrub * ''Eupatorium sinaloense'': shrub * ''Eupatorium sonorae'': shrub * ''Eupatorium vitifolium'': shrub

''Eupatorium or Ageratina''

* ''Eupatorium barriei'': shrub * ''Eupatorium manantlanum'': shrub

''Fleischmannia''

* ''Fleischmannia arguta'': herb – '

''Florestina''

* ''Florestina pedata'': herb

''Galeana (plant), Galeana''

* ''Galeana pratensis'': herb

''Galinsoga''

* ''Galinsoga quadriradiata'': herb – '

''Gnaphalium''

* ''Gnaphalium americanum'': herb * ''Gnaphalium attenuatum'' var. ''attenuatum'': herb * ''Gnaphalium attenuatum'' var. ''sylvicola'': herb * ''Gnaphalium bourgovii'': herb – ' * ''Gnaphalium canescens'': herb * ''Gnaphalium chartaceum'': herb * ''Gnaphalium jaliscense'': herb * ''Gnaphalium liebmannii'' var. ''monticola'': herb * ''Gnaphalium roseum'': herb * ''Gnaphalium semilanatum'': herb * ''Gnaphalium sphacelatum'': herb * ''Gnaphalium viscosum'': herb * ''Gnaphalium'' sp.: herb

''Guardiola (plant), Guardiola''

* ''Guardiola mexicana'' * ''Guardiola tulocarpus''

''Helenium''

* ''Helenium scorzonerifolium''

''Heliopsis''

* ''Heliopsis bupthalmoides'' * ''Heliopsis procumbens''

''Heterosperma''

* ''Heterosperma pinnatum''

''Heterotheca''

* ''Hieracium abscissum'' * ''Hieracium fendleri'' * ''Hieracium fendleri'' subsp. ''ostreophyllum''

''Hofmeisteria''

* ''Hofmeisteria dissecta'' * ''Hofmeisteria urenifolia''

''Isocarpha''

* ''Isocarpha oppositifolia''

''Jaegeria''

* ''Jaegeria hirta'' * ''Jaegeria macrocephala''

''Lagascea''

* ''Lagascea decipiens'' * ''Lagascea helianthifolia''

''Lasianthaea''

* ''Lasianthaea ceanothifolia'' * ''Lasianthaea fruticosa'' * ''Lasianthaea fruticosa'' var. ''michoacana'' * ''Lasianthaea helianthoides'' var. ''helianthoides'' * ''Lasianthaea macrocephala'' * ''Lasianthaea palmeri''

''Liabum''

* ''Liabum broomeae'' or ''Sinclairia broomeae'' * ''Liabum cervinum'' * ''Liabum glabrum'' var. ''hypoleucum'' * ''Liabum liebmannii'' * ''Liabum sp. nov.''

''Melampodium''

* ''Melampodium americanum'' * ''Melampodium divaricatum'' * ''Melampodium microcephalum'' * ''Melampodium nutans'' * ''Melampodium perfoliatum'' * ''Melampodium tepicense''

''Mikania''

* ''Mikania cordifolia''

''Milleria (plant), Milleria''

* ''Milleria quinqueflora''

''Montanoa''

* ''Montanoa andersonii'' * ''Montanoa bipinnatifida'' * ''Montanoa grandiflora'' * ''Montanoa karvinskii'' * ''Montanoa leucantha''

''Odontotrichum''

* ''Odontotrichum multilobum'' * ''Odontotrichum palmeri''

''Onoseris''

* ''Onoseris onoseroides''

''Osbertia''

* ''Osbertia stolonifera''

''Otopappus''

* ''Otopappus acuminatus'' * ''Otopappus epaleaceus'' * ''Otopappus microcephalus'' * ''Otopappus tequilanus'' * ''Otopappus scaber''

''Parthenium''

* ''Parthenium hysterophorus''

''Pectis''

* ''Pectis linifolia'' * ''Pectis repens''

''Perezia (plant), Perezia''

* ''Perezia dugesii'' * ''Perezia fruticosa'' * ''Perezia glomeriflora'' * ''Perezia hooveri'' * ''Perezia patens'' * ''Perezia simulata''

''Pericalia''

* ''Pericalia sessilifolia''

''Perymenium''

* ''Perymenium alticola'' * ''Perymenium buphthalmoides'' * ''Perymenium jaliscense'' * ''Perymenium mendezii'' * ''Perymenium uxoris'' * ''Perymenium wilburorum''

''Pinaropappus''

* ''Pinaropappus diguetii'' * ''Pinaropappus roseus''

''Piqueria''

* ''Piqueria triflora''

''Pittocaulon''

* ''Pittocaulon hintonii''

''Pluchea''

* ''Pluchea salicifolia'' * ''Pluchea symphytifolia''

''Podachaenium''

* ''Podachaenium eminens''

''Polymnia''

* ''Polymnia maculata'' * ''Polymnia macvaughii'' * ''Polymnia uvedalia''

''Porophyllum''

* ''Porophyllum coloratum'' * ''Porophyllum lindenii'' * ''Porophyllum pringlei'' * ''Porophyllum punctatum'' * ''Porophyllum ruderale'' * ''Porophyllum viridiflorum''

''Psacalium''

* ''Psacalium goldsmithii'' * ''Psacalium peltigerum'' * ''Psacalium pentaflorum'' * ''Psacalium poculiferum''

''Pseudelephantopus''

* ''Pseudelephantopus spicatus''

''Rumfordia''

* ''Rumfordia floribunda'' * ''Rumfordia floribunda'' var. ''floribunda'' * ''Rumfordia floribunda'' var. ''jaliscensis''

''Schkuhria''

* ''Schkuhria pinnata''

''Sclerocarpus''

* ''Sclerocarpus divaricatus''

''Senecio''

* ''Senecio albonervius'' * ''Senecio angulifolius'' * ''Senecio argutus'' * ''Senecio barba-johannis'' * ''Senecio bellidifolius'' * ''Senecio callosus'' * ''Senecio chapalensis'' * ''Senecio cinerarioides'' * ''Senecio galicianus'' var. ''galicianus'' * ''Senecio galicianus'' var. ''manantlanensis'' * ''Senecio hartwegii'' * ''Senecio multidentatus'' * ''Senecio roldana'' * ''Senecio salignus'' * ''Senecio sanguisorbae'' * ''Senecio sinuatus'' * ''Senecio standleyi'' * ''Senecio stoechadiformis'' * ''Senecio suffultus''

''Sigesbeckia''

* ''Sigesbeckia agrestis''

''Simsia''

* ''Simsia annectens''

''Sonchus''

* ''Sonchus oleraceus'' – '

''Stevia''

* ''Stevia alatipes'' * ''Stevia caracasana'' * ''Stevia lasioclada'' * ''Stevia latifolia'' * ''Stevia lucida'' * ''Stevia micradenia'' * ''Stevia monardifolia'' * ''Stevia myricoides'' * ''Stevia nelsonii'' * ''Stevia origanoides'' * ''Stevia ovata'' * ''Stevia serrata'' var. ''serrata'' * ''Stevia subpubescens'' * ''Stevia trifida'' * ''Stevia viscida''

''Tagetes''

* ''Tagetes filifolia'' – ' * ''Tagetes lucida'' – ' * ''Tagetes lunulata'' * ''Tagetes remotiflora'' – ', ' * ''Tagetes stenophylla'' * ''Tagetes subulata''

''Taraxacum''

* ''Taraxacum officinale'' – '

''Tithonia''

* ''Tithonia rotundifolia'' – ' * ''Tithonia tubiformis'' or ''Tithonia tubaeformis'' – ', ', '

''Tridax''

* ''Tridax accedens'' * ''Tridax accedens'' * ''Tridax procumbens''

''Trigonospermum''

* ''Trigonospermum melampodioides'' – '

''Tagetes''

* ''Trixis mexicana'' var. ''mexicana'' * ''Trixis michuacana'' var. ''longifolia''

''Verbesina''

* ''Verbesina cinerascens'' * ''Verbesina crocata'' * ''Verbesina culminicola'' * ''Verbesina fastigiata'' * ''Verbesina greenmanii'' * ''Verbesina oligantha'' * ''Verbesina oncophora'' * ''Verbesina oxylepis'' * ''Verbesina parviflora'' * ''Verbesina sphaerocephala'' * ''Verbesina tetraptera'' * ''Verbesina turbacensis'' * ''Verbesina heterocarpa''

''Vernonia''

* ''Vernonia baadii'' * ''Vernonia bealliae'' * ''Vernonia capreifolia'' * ''Vernonia cordata'' * ''Vernonia coulteri'' * ''Vernonia patens'' * ''Vernonia pungens'' * ''Vernonia serratuloides'' * ''Vernonia triflosculosa'' * ''Vernonia vernonioides''

''Tagetes''

* ''Taraxacum officinale''

''Viguiera''

* ''Viguiera cordata'' * ''Viguiera cordata'' var. ''cordata'' * ''Viguiera dentata'' * ''Viguiera ensifolia'' * ''Viguiera grahamii'' * ''Viguiera hypochlora'' * ''Viguiera latibracteata'' * ''Viguiera pachycephala'' * ''Viguiera pringlei'' * ''Viguiera tenuis''

''Zinnia''

* ''Zinnia americana'' * ''Zinnia bicolor'' * ''Zinnia peruviana'' * ''Zinnia zinnioides''

''Connaraceae''

''Rourea''

* ''Rourea glabra''

''Convolvulaceae''

''Evolvulus''

* ''Evolvulus alsinoides'' * ''Evolvulus nummularius''

''Ipomoea''

* ''Ipomoea alba'' * ''Ipomoea ampullacea'' * ''Ipomoea arborescens'' * ''Ipomoea batatoides'' * ''Ipomoea bracteata'' * ''Ipomoea capillacea'' * ''Ipomoea cardiophylla'' * ''Ipomoea cholulensis'' * ''Ipomoea corymbosa'' * ''Ipomoea cuernavacensis'' * ''Ipomoea decemcornuta'' * ''Ipomoea dimorphophylla'' * ''Ipomoea dumosa'' * ''Ipomoea funis'' * ''Ipomoea hartwegii'' * ''Ipomoea hederifolia'' * ''Ipomoea invicta'' * ''Ipomoea lindenii'' * ''Ipomoea mairetii'' * ''Ipomoea minutiflora'' * ''Ipomoea murucoides'' * ''Ipomoea neei'' * ''Ipomoea nil'' – ' * ''Ipomoea noctulifolia'' * ''Ipomoea orizabensis'' * ''Ipomoea pseudoracemosa'' * ''Ipomoea santillanii'' * ''Ipomoea seducta'' * ''Ipomoea spectata'' * ''Ipomoea trifida'' * ''Ipomoea sp. nov.''

Coriariaceae

''Coriaria''

* ''Coriaria ruscifolia'' subsp. ''microphylla''

Cornaceae

''Cornus''

* ''Cornus disciflora'': cloud forest, pine-oak forest, gallery forest – ' * ''Cornus excelsa'' – '

Crassulaceae

''Bryophyllum''

* ''Bryophyllum pinnatum'' – '

''Graptopetalum''

* ''Graptopetalum fruticosum''

''Curatella''

* ''Sedum grandipetalum'' * ''Sedum greggii'' * ''Sedum jaliscanum'' * ''Sedum tortuosum'' * ''Sedum'' sp. 1 * ''Sedum'' sp. 2

Cruciferae or Brassicaceae

''Brassica''

* ''Brassica rapa'' – '

''Cardamine''

* ''Cardamine fulcrata''

''Lepidium''

* ''Lepidium lasiocarpum'' * ''Lepidium oblongum'' * ''Lepidium virginicum''

''Raphanus''

* ''Raphanus raphanistrum'' – '

''Rorippa''

* ''Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum'' – '

Cucurbitaceae

''Cayaponia''

* ''Cayaponia attenuata'' – ' * ''Cayaponia racemosa'' – '

''Cremastopus''

* ''Cremastopus rostratus''

''Cucumis''

* ''Cucumis anguria'' – '

''Cucurbita''

* ''Cucurbita argyrosperma'' – ', ' * ''Cucurbita ficifolia'' – '

''Cyclanthera''

* ''Cyclanthera dissecta'' * ''Cyclanthera langaei'' * ''Cyclanthera steyermarkii'' * ''Cyclanthera tamnoides''

''Echinopepon''

* ''Echinopepon jaliscanus'' * ''Echinopepon lanatus'' * ''Echinopepon pringlei'' * ''Echinopepon racemosus''

''Ibervillea''

* ''Ibervillea maxima'' – '

''Melothria''

* ''Melothria pendula'' * ''Melothria pringlei''

''Momordica''

* ''Momordica charantia'' – '

''Polyclathra''

* ''Polyclathra cucumerina''

''Rytidostylis''

* ''Rytidostylis gracilis'' * ''Rytidostylis longisepala''

''Schizocarpum''

* ''Schizocarpum longisepalum'' * ''Schizocarpum palmeri''

''Sechium''

* ''Sechium compositum''

''Sicyos''

* ''Sicyos laciniatus'' * ''Sicyos longisepalus''

Cuscutaceae

''Cuscuta''

* ''Cuscuta corymbosa'' – ' * ''Cuscuta mitriformis'' or ''Cuscuta mitraeformis'' – ', '

Dichapetalaceae

''Tapura''

* ''Tapura mexicana''

Dilleniaceae

''Curatella''

* ''Curatella americana'' – '

''Davilla''

* ''Davilla kunthii''

Dipentodontaceae

''Perrottetia''

* ''Perrottetia longistylis'': cloud forest

Ebenaceae

''Diospyros''

* ''Diospyros sinaloensis'' * ''Diospyros'' sp.

Elaeocarpaceae

''Muntingia''

* ''Muntingia calabura'' – '

''Sloanea''

* ''Sloanea terniflora'' – ', '

Ericaceae

''Arbutus''

* ''Arbutus occidentalis'' – ' * ''Arbutus xalapensis'' – '

''Comarostaphylis''

* ''Comarostaphylis discolor'' – ', ' * ''Comarostaphylis discolor'' subsp. ''manantlanensis'' – ' * ''Comarostaphylis glaucescens''

''Gaultheria''

* ''Gaultheria hirtiflora''

''Vaccinium''

* ''Vaccinium confertum'' * ''Vaccinium stenophyllum'' – cloud forest, pine-oak forest, pine forest – '

Euphorbiaceae

''Acalypha''

* ''Acalypha alopecuroides'' * ''Acalypha cincta'' * ''Acalypha filipes'' * ''Acalypha grisea'' * ''Acalypha hypogaea'' * ''Acalypha langiana'' * ''Acalypha microphylla'' * ''Acalypha ocymoides'' * ''Acalypha ostryifolia'' * ''Acalypha salvadorensis'' * ''Acalypha schiedeana'' * ''Acalypha setosa'' * ''Acalypha subviscida'' * ''Acalypha triloba'' * ''Acalypha umbrosa'' * ''Acalypha vagans'' * ''Acalypha'' sp.

''Adelia''

* ''Adelia barbinervis''

''Argythamnia''

* ''Argythamnia manzanilloana''

''Astrocasia''

* ''Astrocasia tremula''

''Bernardia''

* ''Bernardia gentryana'' * ''Bernardia mexicana'' * ''Bernardia santanae''

''Bernardia''

* ''Chamaesyce berteroana'' or ''Chamaesyce berteriana'' * ''Chamaesyce grisea'' * ''Chamaesyce hirta'' * ''Chamaesyce hirta'' var. ''procumbens'' * ''Chamaesyce hypericifolia'' * ''Chamaesyce hyssopifolia'' * ''Chamaesyce indivisa''

''Chiropetalum''

* ''Chiropetalum schiedeanum''

''Cnidoscolus''

* ''Cnidoscolus autlanensis'' – ' * ''Cnidoscolus spinosus'' * ''Cnidoscolus tepiquensis''

''Croton (plant), Croton''

* ''Croton billbergianus'' * ''Croton ciliato-glandulifera'' – ' * ''Croton draco'' – ' * ''Croton flavescens'' * ''Croton fragilis'' * ''Croton fragilis'' * ''Croton hirtus'' * ''Croton pyramidalis'' * ''Croton septemnervius'' * ''Croton suberosus'' * ''Croton wilburii'' * ''Croton ynesiae''

''Dalechampia''

* ''Dalechampia scandens''

''Dalembertia''

* ''Dalembertia populifolia''

''Euphorbia''

* ''Euphorbia ariensis'' * ''Euphorbia calyculata'' * ''Euphorbia colletioides'' * ''Euphorbia cotinifolia'' * ''Euphorbia cyathophora'' * ''Euphorbia dentata'' * ''Euphorbia dioscoreoides'' * ''Euphorbia furcillata'' * ''Euphorbia graminea'' * ''Euphorbia graminea'' var. ''novogaliciana'' * ''Euphorbia heterophylla'' * ''Euphorbia humayensis'' * ''Euphorbia jaliscensis'' * ''Euphorbia macropus'' * ''Euphorbia macvaughii'' * ''Euphorbia multiseta'' * ''Euphorbia ocymoides'' * ''Euphorbia peganoides'' * ''Euphorbia pulcherrima'' * ''Euphorbia schlechtendalii'' var. ''pacifica '' * ''Euphorbia sphaerorhiza'' * ''Euphorbia strigosa'' * ''Euphorbia tanquahuete'' * ''Euphorbia xalapensis''

''Gymnanthes''

* ''Gymnanthes actinostemoides''

''Hura (plant), Hura''

* ''Hura polyandra'' – '

''Jatropha''

* ''Jatropha bartlettii'' * ''Jatropha cordata'' * ''Jatropha mcvaughii'' * ''Jatropha platyphylla''

''Mabea (plant), Mabea''

* ''Mabea occidentalis''

''Manihot''

* ''Manihot aesculifolia'' * ''Manihot intermedia'' * ''Manihot michaelis'' * ''Manihot rhomboidea'' * ''Manihot rhomboidea'' subsp. ''microcarpa''

''Margaritaria''

* ''Margaritaria nobilis'' – ', ', '

''Pedilanthus''

* ''Pedilanthus calcaratus'' – ' * ''Pedilanthus diazlunanus'' – ' * ''Pedilanthus palmeri'' – '

''Phyllanthus''

* ''Phyllanthus glaucescens'' * ''Phyllanthus gypsicola'' * ''Phyllanthus mocinianus'' * ''Phyllanthus niruri'' * ''Phyllanthus standleyi'' * ''Phyllanthus stipulatus'' * ''Phyllanthus tequilensis''

''Ricinus''

* ''Ricinus communis'' – '

''Sapium''

* ''Sapium pedicellatum''

''Sebastiania''

* ''Sebastiania corniculata'' * ''Sebastiania hintonii''

''Tragia''

* ''Tragia affinis'' * ''Tragia pacifica'' * ''Tragia volubilis''

''Sebastiania''

* ''Sebastiania hintonii'': cloud forest

Fagaceae

''Quercus''

* ''Quercus aristata'' * ''Quercus calophylla'' (incorrectly called ''Quercus candicans''): cloud forest * ''Quercus castanea'': pine-oak forest, pine forest * ''Quercus crassifolia'' * ''Quercus crassipes'' * ''Quercus deserticola'' * ''Quercus elliptica'' * ''Quercus excelsa'' * ''Quercus confertifolia'' (as ''Quercus gentryi'') * ''Quercus glaucescens'' * ''Quercus insignis'' * ''Quercus laeta'' * ''Quercus laurina'': pine-oak forest, pine forest, pine-fir forest – ''Encino laurelillo'', ''Encino asta'' * ''Quercus magnoliifolia'': pine-oak forest, pine forest * ''Quercus martinezii'' * ''Quercus obtusata'' * ''Quercus peduncularis'' * ''Quercus planipocula'' * ''Quercus prainiana'', synonym of ''Quercus coffeicolor'' * ''Quercus resinosa'' * ''Quercus rugosa'' – ' * ''Quercus resinosa'' * ''Quercus salicifolia'': cloud forest * ''Quercus scitophylla'' * ''Quercus sororia'' * ''Quercus splendens'', synonym of ''Quercus peduncularis'' * ''Quercus uxoris'' * ''Quercus xalapensis'' * ''Quercus sp. nov'' 1 * ''Quercus sp. nov'' 2 * ''Quercus sp. nov'' 3

Flacourtiaceae

''Fouquieria''

* ''Casearia arguta'' * ''Casearia corymbosa'' * ''Casearia sylvestris''

''Hasseltiopsis''

* ''Hasseltiopsis dioica''

''Neopringlea''

* ''Neopringlea viscosa''

''Prockia''

* ''Prockia crucis''

''Xylosma''

* ''Xylosma flexuosa'' * ''Xylosma velutina''

Fouquieriaceae

''Fouquieria''

* ''Fouquieria formosa''

Garryaceae

''Garrya''

* ''Garrya laurifolia'': cloud forest

Gentianaceae

''Centaurium''

* ''Centaurium martinii'' * ''Centaurium nudicaule'' * ''Centaurium setaceum'' * ''Centaurium tenuifolium''

''Gentiana''

* ''Gentiana caliculata'' * ''Gentiana spathacea''

''Halenia''

* ''Halenia brevicornis'' * ''Halenia crumiana''

Geraniaceae

''Erodium''

* ''Erodium cicutarium''

''Geranium''

* ''Geranium hernandesii'' * ''Geranium lilacinum'' * ''Geranium seemannii'' * ''Geranium'' sp.

Gesneriaceae

''Achimenes''

* ''Achimenes antirrhina'' * ''Achimenes flava'' * ''Achimenes grandiflora'' * ''Achimenes heterophylla'' * ''Achimenes longiflora''

''Drymonia (plant), Drymonia''

* ''Drymonia serrulata''

''Episcia''

* ''Episcia punctata''

''Moussonia (plant), Moussonia''

* ''Moussonia elegans''

''Phinaea''

* ''Phinaea multiflora''

Guttiferae or Calophyllaceae

''Calophyllum''

* ''Calophyllum brasiliense'': tree – '

Guttiferae or Clusiaceae

''Clusia''

* ''Clusia salvini'': cloud forest

Guttiferae or Hypericaceae

''Clusia''

* ''Hypericum paucifolium'' * ''Hypericum philonotis''

''Rheedia''

* ''Rheedia edulis''

Hamamelidaceae

''Matudaea''

* ''Matudaea trinervia'': cloud forest – ', '

Hernandiaceae

''Gyrocarpus''

* ''Gyrocarpus jatrophifolius'' – ', '

Hippocrateaceae or Celastraceae

''Hippocratea''

* ''Hippocratea celastroides'' * ''Hippocratea volubilis'' – '

Hydrophyllaceae

''Hydrolea''

* ''Hydrolea spinosa'' – ', '

''Phacelia''

* ''Phacelia platycarpa'' – ', '

''Wigandia''

* ''Wigandia urens'' – ', '

''Icacinaceae''

''Calatola''

* ''Calatola laevigata'' – '

Juglandaceae

''Juglans''

* ''Juglans major'': cloud forest – black walnut, ', '

''Julianaceae''

''Asterohyptis''

* ''

'' – ', '

''Labiatae or Lamiaceae''

''Asterohyptis''

* ''Asterohyptis stellulata''

''Cunila''

* ''Cunila longiflora'' * ''Cunila lythrifolia'' * ''Cunila pycnantha''

''Hyptis''

* ''Hyptis albida'' * ''Hyptis capitata'' * ''Hyptis mutabilis'' * ''Hyptis oblongifolia'' * ''Hyptis pectinata'' * ''Hyptis rhytidea'' * ''Hyptis suaveolens'' * ''Hyptis urticoides''

''Leonotis''

* ''Leonotis nepetifolia'' – '

''Lepechinia''

* ''Lepechinia caulescens'' – ' * ''Lepechinia nelsonii''

''Leonotis''

* ''Leonotis nepetifolia''

''Marrubium''

* ''Marrubium vulgare'' – '

''Mentha''

* ''Mentha'' sp.

''Ocimum''

* ''Ocimum micranthum'' – '

''Salvia''

* ''Salvia albocaerulea'' * ''Salvia arthrocoma'' * ''Salvia brachyodonta'' * ''Salvia breviflora'' * ''Salvia bruebenzii'' (not listed in Tropicos) * ''Salvia carnea'' * ''Salvia cinnabarina'' * ''Salvia concolor'' * ''Salvia cuevasiana'' or ''Scutellaria cuevasiana'' * ''Salvia elegans'' – ' * ''Salvia firma'' * ''Salvia gesneriflora'' * ''Salvia hispanica'' * ''Salvia iodantha'' * ''Salvia lasiantha'' * ''Salvia lasiocephala'' * ''Salvia lavanduloides'' * ''Salvia leucantha'' * ''Salvia longispicata'' * ''Salvia longistyla'' * ''Salvia manantlanensis'' * ''Salvia mcvaughii'' * ''Salvia meera'' * ''Salvia mexicana'' * ''Salvia platyphylla'' * ''Salvia polystachia'' * ''Salvia purpurea'' * ''Salvia ramamoorthyana'' * ''Salvia riparia'' * ''Salvia rostellata'' * ''Salvia santanae'' * ''Salvia sapinea'' * ''Salvia sessei'' * ''Salvia thyrsiflora'' * ''Salvia uruapana'' * ''Salvia vazquezii'' * ''Salvia viscidifolia''

''Satureja''

* ''Satureja jaliscana'' * ''Satureja macrostema'' var. ''laevigata''

''Scutellaria''

* ''Scutellaria caerulea'' * ''Scutellaria purpurascens''

''Stachys''

* ''Stachys agraria'' * ''Stachys coccinea'' * ''Stachys grahamii'' * ''Stachys manantlanensis'' * ''Stachys pacifica''

Lauraceae

''Aiouea''

* ''Aiouea pachypoda'': cloud forest – laurel

''Beilschmiedia''

* ''Beilschmiedia manantlanensis''Cochrane, T. & Cuevas Guzmán, Ramón. (1999). Beilschmiedia manantlanensis (Lauraceae), una Nueva Especie de Jalisco, México. Novon. 9. 18. 10.2307/3392109.

''Licaria''

* ''Licaria triandra'' – ', ', '

''Litsea''

* ''Litsea glaucescens'' – '

''Nectandra''

* ''Nectandra hihua'' – ', '

''Persea''

* ''Persea hintonii'' – ' * ''Persea'' sp.

Leguminosae or Mimosaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Fabaceae

''Acacia''

* ''Acacia acatlensis'' * ''Acacia angustissima'' var. ''angustissima'' – ' * ''Acacia angustissima'' var. ''texensis'' * ''Acacia cochliacantha'' – ', ', ' * ''Acacia farnesiana'' or ''Vachellia farnesiana'':Olvera-Vargas, M., et al. (2010). "Is there environmental differentiation in the ''Quercus''-dominated forests of west-central Mexico?" ''Plant Ecology'' 211(2): 321–335. secondary vegetation – ' * ''Acacia glomerosa'' * ''Acacia hindsii'' – ' * ''Acacia macilenta'' – ', ' * ''Acacia pennatula'' – ' * ''Acacia riparia'' – ' * ''Acacia × standleyi'' * ''Acacia tequilana''

''Aeschynomene''

* ''Aeschynomene americana'' var. ''glandulosa'' * ''Aeschynomene amorphoides'' * ''Aeschynomene histrix'' var. ''histrix'' * ''Aeschynomene langlassei'' * ''Aeschynomene petraea'' * ''Aeschynomene rudis'' * ''Aeschynomene villosa'' var. ''mexicana'' * ''Aeschynomene villosa'' var. ''villosa''

''Albizia''

* ''Albizia occidentalis'' * ''Albizia tomentosa'' – ', ', '

''Apoplanesia''

* ''Apoplanesia paniculata''

''Astragalus (plant), Astragalus''

* ''Astragalus ervoides'' var. ''maysillesii'' * ''Astragalus guatemalensis'' var. ''brevidentatus''

''Bauhinia''

* ''Bauhinia divaricata'' – ' * ''Bauhinia pauletia'' – ' * ''Bauhinia ungulata''

''Brogniartia''

* ''Brogniartia mortonii''

''Caesalpinia''

* ''Caesalpinia cacalaco'' – ' * ''Caesalpinia mexicana'' * ''Caesalpinia pulcherrima'' – '

''Calliandra''

* ''Calliandra anomala'' * ''Calliandra bijuga'' * ''Calliandra caeciliae'' * ''Calliandra eriophylla'' * ''Calliandra grandiflora'' * ''Calliandra hirsuta'' * ''Calliandra houstonii'' – ' * ''Calliandra laevis'': gallery forest – ', ' * ''Calliandra longipedicellata'': secondary vegetation

''Calopogonium''

* ''Calopogonium caeruleum'' * ''Calopogonium mucunoides''

''Canavalia''

* ''Canavalia acuminata'' * ''Canavalia hirsutissima'' * ''Canavalia septentrionalis'' * ''Canavalia villosa''

''Cercidium''

* ''Centrosema plumieri'' * ''Centrosema pubescens'' – ' * ''Centrosema sagittatum'' * ''Centrosema virginianum''

''Cercidium'' or ''Parkinsonia''

* ''Cercidium praecox'' or ''Parkinsonia praecox'' – '

''Chamaecrista''

* ''Chamaecrista absus'' var. ''meionandra'' * ''Chamaecrista glandulosa'' var.'' flavicoma'' * ''Chamaecrista nictitans'' var. ''jaliscensis'' * ''Chamaecrista nictitans'' var. ''pilosa'' * ''Chamaecrista punctulata'' – ' * ''Chamaecrista rotundifolia'' var. ''rotundifolia'' * ''Chamaecrista serpens'' var. ''wrightii''

''Clitoria''

* ''Clitoria mexicana'' * ''Clitoria polystachya''

''Cologania''

* ''Cologania biloba'' * ''Cologania broussonetii'' * ''Cologania procumbens''

''Conzattia''

* ''Conzattia multiflora''

''Coursetia''

* ''Coursetia caribaea'' * ''Coursetia glandulosa'' * ''Coursetia mollis'' * ''Coursetia pumila'' – '

''Crotalaria''

* ''Crotalaria acapulcensis'' * ''Crotalaria bupleurifolia'' * ''Crotalaria cajanifolia'' * ''Crotalaria filifolia'' * ''Crotalaria incana'' * ''Crotalaria longirostrata'' – ', ', ' * ''Crotalaria micans'' * ''Crotalaria mollicula'' – ' * ''Crotalaria pumila'' * ''Crotalaria quercetorum'' * ''Crotalaria sagittalis''

''Dalea''

* ''Dalea cliffortiana'' * ''Dalea elata'' * ''Dalea foliolosa'' * ''Dalea leucostachya'' * ''Dalea obreniformis'' * ''Dalea pulchella'' * ''Dalea roseiflora'' * ''Dalea sericea'' * ''Dalea versicolor''

''Desmodium''

* ''Desmodium affine'' * ''Desmodium ambiguum'' * ''Desmodium angustifolium'' * ''Desmodium aparines'' * ''Desmodium barbatum'' * ''Desmodium bellum'' * ''Desmodium cinereum'' * ''Desmodium cordistipulum'' * ''Desmodium distortum'' * ''Desmodium ghiesbreghtii'' * ''Desmodium glabrum'' * ''Desmodium guadalajaranum'' * ''Desmodium hartwegianum'' * ''Desmodium infractum'' * ''Desmodium jaliscanum'' * ''Desmodium macrostachyum'' * ''Desmodium molliculum'' * ''Desmodium nicaraguense'' * ''Desmodium novogalicianum'' * ''Desmodium occidentale'' * ''Desmodium orbiculare'' var. ''rubricaule'' * ''Desmodium plicatum'' * ''Desmodium prehensile'' * ''Desmodium procumbens'' * ''Desmodium procumbens'' var. ''transversum'' * ''Desmodium pseudoamplifolium'' * ''Desmodium sericophyllum'' * ''Desmodium skinneri'' * ''Desmodium strobilaceum'' * ''Desmodium sumichrastii'' * ''Desmodium tortuosum'' * ''Desmodium urarioides'' * ''Desmodium volubile''

''Diphysa''

* ''Diphysa floribunda'' * ''Diphysa puberulenta'' * ''Diphysa suberosa''

''Entada''

* ''Entada patens'' * ''Entada polystachya''

''Enterolobium''

* ''Enterolobium cyclocarpum'' – ', ''huanacaste''

''Eriosema''

* ''Eriosema diffusum'' * ''Eriosema longicalyx'' * ''Eriosema multiflorum'' * ''Eriosema pulchellum''

''Erythrina''

* ''Erythrina breviflora'' * ''Erythrina lanata'' subsp. ''occidentalis''

''Eysenhardtia''

* ''Eysenhardtia platycarpa'' * ''Eysenhardtia polystachya''

''Galactia''

* ''Galactia incana'' * ''Galactia'' sp.

''Haematoxylum''

* ''Haematoxylum brasiletto'' – ''palo brasil''

''Indigofera''

* ''Indigofera densiflora'' * ''Indigofera jaliscensis'' * ''Indigofera palmeri'' * ''Indigofera thibaudiana''

''Inga''

* ''Inga eriocarpa'' – ''cuil'', ''guaginiguil'', ''juaniquil peludo'' * ''Inga hintonii'' – ''jacanicuil cimarron'' * ''Inga laurina'' – ''cuaniquil'', ''guajillo'', ''jinicuil'' * ''Inga vera''

''Leucaena''

* ''Leucaena esculenta'' – ''huajillo'', ''guaje'' * ''Leucaena macrophylla'' – ''guaje''

''Lonchocarpus''

* ''Lonchocarpus hintonii'' * ''Lonchocarpus lanceolatus'' * ''Lonchocarpus salvadorensis''

''Lotus (genus), Lotus''

* ''Lotus oroboides'' * ''Lotus repens''

''Lupinus''

* ''Lupinus elegans'' – ''cantues'' * ''Lupinus exaltatus'' – ''cantues'' * ''Lupinus madrensis'' – ''cantues'' * ''Lupinus stipulatus''

''Lysiloma''

* ''Lysiloma acapulcense'' – ''tepeguaje'' * ''Lysiloma microphyllum'' – ''tepemezquite consteno'' * ''Lysiloma tergeminum'' – ''pelo de angel''

''Lysiloma''

* ''Lysiloma acapulcensis'' * ''Lysiloma microphyllum''

''Machaerium (plant), Machaerium''

* ''Machaerium kegelii'' * ''Machaerium salvadorense'' – ''garabatom'', ''guamuchil del diabilillo''

''Macroptilium''

* ''Macroptilium atropurpureum'' * ''Macroptilium'' sp.

''Marina (plant), Marina''

* ''Marina crenulata'' * ''Marina diffusa'' var. ''diffusa'' * ''Marina grammadenia'' * ''Marina neglecta'' var. ''neglecta'' – ''escobilla'' * ''Marina nutans'' * ''Marina scopa''

''Mimosa''

* ''Mimosa acantholoba'' * ''Mimosa affinis'' * ''Mimosa albida'' * ''Mimosa benthamii'' * ''Mimosa galeottii'' * ''Mimosa guatemalensis'' * ''Mimosa invisa'' * ''Mimosa pigra'' var. ''berlandieri'' * ''Mimosa pudica'' * ''Mimosa rosei'' * ''Mimosa'' sp.

''Nissolia''

* ''Nissolia fruticosa'' * ''Nissolia laxior'' * ''Nissolia leiogyne'' * ''Nissolia microptera''

''Pachecoa''

* ''Pachecoa prismatica''

''Pachyrhizus''

* ''Pachyrhizus erosus'' var. ''erosus''

''Parkinsonia''

* ''Parkinsonia aculeata''

''Phaseolus''

* ''Phaseolus coccineus'' subsp. ''coccineus'' * ''Phaseolus coccineus'' subsp. ''formosus'' * ''Phaseolus leptostachyus'' * ''Phaseolus lunatus'' var. ''lunatus'' * ''Phaseolus leptostachyus'' var. ''silvester'' * ''Phaseolus micranthus'' * ''Phaseolus pauciflorus'' * ''Phaseolus perplexus'' * ''Phaseolus vulgaris'' * ''Phaseolus'' sp. 1 * ''Phaseolus'' sp. 2

''Piscidia''

* ''Piscidia carthagenensis''

''Pachecoa''

* ''Pachecoa prismatica''

''Pithecellobium''

* ''Pithecellobium acatlense'' – ''palo fierro'' * ''Pithecellobium dulce'' – ''guamuchil'' * ''Pithecellobium lanceolatum'' – ''guamuchilillo'', ''mochaquelite''

''Platymiscium''

* ''Platymiscium lasiocarpum''

''Prosopis''

* ''Prosopis laevigata'' – mesquite

''Ramirezella''

* ''Ramirezella crassa'' * ''Ramirezella lozanii'' – ''cambara'' * ''Ramirezella micrantha'' * ''Ramirezella strobilophora''

''Rhynchosia''

* ''Rhynchosia discolor'' * ''Rhynchosia edulis'' * ''Rhynchosia minima'' * ''Rhynchosia precatoria'' – ''colorin'', ''ojo de perico'' * ''Rhynchosia tarphantha''

''Mimosa, Schrankia''

* ''Schrankia distachya'' – ''sierilla''

''Senna (plant), Senna''

* ''Senna alata'' * ''Senna atomaria'' – ''vainilla'' * ''Senna centranthera'' * ''Senna cobanensis'' * ''Senna foetidissima'' var. ''grandiflora'' * ''Senna fruticosa'' * ''Senna hirsuta'' var. ''hirta'' * ''Senna mexicana'' * ''Senna mollissima'' * ''Senna multifoliolata'' var. ''multifoliolata'' * ''Senna obtusifolia'' * ''Senna occidentalis'' – ''bichi'' * ''Senna pallida'' * ''Senna pendula'' var. ''advena'' * ''Senna pilifera'' var. ''subglabra'' * ''Senna quinquangulata'' var. ''quinquangulata'' * ''Senna septemtrionalis'' * ''Senna talpana'' * ''Senna uniflora'' * ''Senna villosa''

''Sphinctospermum''

* ''Sphinctospermum constrictum''

''Stylosanthes''

* ''Stylosanthes guianensis''

''Stylosanthes''

* ''Stylosanthes guianensis''

''Tephrosia''

* ''Tephrosia conzattii'' * ''Tephrosia langlassei'' * ''Tephrosia macrantha'' * ''Tephrosia multifolia'' * ''Tephrosia nicaraguensis'' * ''Tephrosia sinapou'' * ''Tephrosia submontana'' * ''Tephrosia viridiflora''

''Teramnus''

* ''Teramnus uncinatus''

''Trifolium''

* ''Trifolium amabile'' – ''trébol''

''Vicia''

* ''Vicia humilis'' * ''Vicia pulchella'' subsp. ''mexicana''

''Vigna''

* ''Vigna adenantha'' * ''Vigna linearis''

''Willardia''

* ''Willardia schiedeana''

''Zapoteca (plant), Zapoteca''

* ''Zapoteca formosa'' subsp. ''formosa'' * ''Zapoteca formosa'' subsp. ''rosei'' * ''Zapoteca tetragona''

''Zornia''

* ''Zornia reticulata'' * ''Zornia thymifolia''

Lentibulariaceae

''Pinguicula''

* ''Pinguicula crenatiloba'' * ''Pinguicula oblongiloba'' * ''Pinguicula parvifolia''

Loasaceae

''Gronovia''

* ''Gronovia scandens'' – ''mala mujer'', ''hiedra'', ''ortiga''

''Klaprothia''

* ''Klaprothia fasciculata'' – ''mala mujer''

''Mentzelia''

* ''Mentzelia hispida''

Loganiaceae

''Spigelia''

* ''Spigelia anthelmia''

Loranthaceae

''Cladocolea''

* ''Cladocolea grahamii'' * ''Cladocolea inconspicua'' * ''Cladocolea inorna'' * ''Cladocolea loniceroides'' * ''Cladocolea'' sp.

''Psittacanthus''

* ''Psittacanthus calyculatus'' * ''Psittacanthus palmeri'' * ''Psittacanthus ramiflorus'' * ''Psittacanthus schiedeanus''

''Struthanthus''

* ''Struthanthus condensatus'' * ''Struthanthus interruptus''

Lythraceae

''Cuphea''

* ''Cuphea appendiculata'' var. ''appendiculata'' * ''Cuphea calaminthifolia'' * ''Cuphea ferrisiae'' * ''Cuphea hookeriana'' * ''Cuphea inflata'' * ''Cuphea jorullensis'' * ''Cuphea leptopoda'' * ''Cuphea llavea'' – ''cigarillo'', ''perritos'', ''pulmonaria'' * ''Cuphea lobophora'' * ''Cuphea lobophora'' var. ''lobophora'' * ''Cuphea michoacana'' * ''Cuphea tolucana'' * ''Cuphea utriculosa'' * ''Cuphea watsonii''

''Heimia''

* ''Heimia salicifolia''

Magnoliaceae

''Magnolia''

* ''Magnolia iltisiana'': cloud forest – ''cacao'', laurel, magnolia

''Talauma''

* ''Talauma'' sp. – ''cacao'', ''yolocochitl''

Malpighiaceae

''Bunchosia''

* ''Bunchosia mcvaughii'' * ''Bunchosia palmeri'' * ''Bunchosia strigosa''

''Byrsonima''

* ''Byrsonima crassifolia'' – ''nance'', ''nanche''

''Echinopterys''

* ''Echinopterys eglandulosa'' – ''hierba de la cucaracha''

''Galphimia''

* ''Galphimia glauca'' * ''Galphimia'' sp.

''Gaudichaudia (plant), Gaudichaudia''

* ''Gaudichaudia albida'' * ''Gaudichaudia cycloptera'' * ''Gaudichaudia cynanchoides'' * ''Gaudichaudia mcvaughii'' * ''Gaudichaudia subverticillata''

''Heteropterys''

* ''Heteropterys brachiata'' * ''Heteropterys laurifolia'' – ''bjuco quipalero'', ''palo bejucoso'', ''palo de verdura''

''Lasiocarpus''

* ''Lasiocarpus ferrugineus''

''Malpighia''

* ''Malpighia ovata'' * ''Malpighia romeroana'' var. ''nayaritensis'' * ''Malpighia wilburiorum''

''Mascagnia''

* ''Mascagnia dipholiphylla'' * ''Mascagnia sinemariensis''

''Tetrapterys''

* ''Tetrapterys mexicana''

Malvaceae

''Abutilon''

* ''Abutilon abutiloides'' – ''amantillo'' * ''Abutilon barrancae'' * ''Abutilon ellipticum'' * ''Abutilon haenkeanum'' * ''Abutilon reventum'' * ''Abutilon trisulcatum'' – ''algondoncillo'', ''mantilla'' * ''Abutilon umbellatum''

''Allosidastrum''

* ''Allosidastrum hilarianum'' * ''Allosidastrum pyramidatum''

''Anoda''

* ''Anoda acerifolia'' * ''Anoda crenatiflora'' * ''Anoda cristata'' – ''malva morada'', ''violeta'', ''violetilla'' * ''Anoda maculata''

''Briquetia''

* ''Briquetia spicata''

''Gaya (plant), Gaya''

* '

''Gossypium''

* ''Gossypium aridum'' * ''Gossypium hirsutum''

''Heliocarpus''

* ''Heliocarpus terebinthaceus''

''Herissantia''

* ''Herissantia crispa''

''Hibiscus''

* ''Hibiscus phoeniceus'' * ''Hibiscus uncinellus''

''Hochreutinera''

* ''Hochreutinera amplexifolia''

''Kearnemalvastrum''

* ''Kearnemalvastrum subtriflorum''

''Kosteletzkya''

* ''Kosteletzkya tubiflora''

''Malachra''

* ''Malachra fasciata''

''Malva''

* ''Malva parviflora'' – ''malva'' * ''Malva sylvestris''

''Malvastrum''

* ''Malvastrum americanum'' – ''guinar'' * ''Malvastrum coromandelianum''

''Malvaviscus''

* ''Malvaviscus arboreus'' var. ''arboreus'' * ''Malvaviscus penduliflorus''

''Neobrittonia''

* ''Neobrittonia acerifolia'' – ''huevos de coyote''

''Pavonia (plant), Pavonia''

* ''Pavonia oxyphylla'' var. ''melanommata'' * ''Pavonia pleuranthera''

''Periptera''

* ''Periptera ctenotricha'' * ''Periptera macrostelis'' * ''Periptera punicea''

''Phymosia''

* ''Phymosia rosea''

''Robinsonella''

* ''Robinsonella speciosa''

''Sida (plant), Sida''

* ''Sida abutilifolia'' * ''Sida acuta'' * ''Sida aggregata'' * ''Sida barclayi'' * ''Sida ciliaris'' * ''Sida collina'' * ''Sida glabra'' * ''Sida haenkeana'' * ''Sida jamaicensis'' * ''Sida linifolia'' * ''Sida rhombifolia'' – ''babosilla'', ''escobita'', ''guinar'', ''huinar'' * ''Sida rzedowskii'' * ''Sida salviifolia'' * ''Sida spinosa'' * ''Sida abutilifolia'' * ''Sida abutilifolia''

''Wissadula''

* ''Wissadula amplissima''

Melastomaceae or Melastomataceae

''Arthrostemma''

* ''Arthrostemma alatum'' – ''yerbamora''

''Clidemia''

* ''Clidemia matudae'' * ''Clidemia submontana''

''Conostegia''

* ''Conostegia volcanalis'': cloud forest – ''pedorra'' * ''Conostegia xalapensis'' – ''mora''

''Heterocentron''

* ''Heterocentron mexicanum'' * ''Heterocentron subtriplinervium'' * ''Heterocentron subtriplinervium sp. nov.''

''Leandra''

* ''Leandra cornoides'' * ''Leandra subseriata''

''Miconia''

* ''Miconia albicans'' – ''morita'', ''pedorra'' * ''Miconia glaberrima'' * ''Miconia mcvaughii''

''Pterolepis (plant), Pterolepis''

* ''Pterolepis pumila''

''Tibouchina''

* ''Tibouchina scabriuscula'' * ''Tibouchina sp. nov.''

Meliaceae

''Cedrela''

* ''Cedrela odorata'' – ''cedro rojo'' * ''Cedrela odorata sp. nov.''

''Guarea''

* '' Guarea glabra''

''Swietenia''

* ''Swietenia humilis'' – ''caoba'', ''cobano''

''Trichilia''

* '' Trichilia americana'' – ''periquillo'' * '' Trichilia havanensis'' * '' Trichilia trifoliata''

Menispermaceae

''Cebatha''

* ''Cebatha diversifolia''

''Cissampelos''

* ''Cissampelos pareira'' – ''colorín'', ''ohode perico'', ''orozul''

''Disciphania''

* ''Disciphania mexicana''

Monimiaceae or Siparunaceae

''Siparuna''

* ''Siparuna andina'' – ''limoncillo'', ''azagar'', ''chumbejo''

Menispermaceae

''Monotropa''

* ''Monotropa hypopitys'' – ''pipa de indio'', Indian pipes

Mimosoideae

''Inga''

* ''Inga vera'' subsp. ''eriocarpa'': cloud forest – ''cuaniquil''

Moraceae

''Brosimum''

* ''Brosimum alicastrum'' – ''mojo'', ''capomo'', ''mojote''

''Chlorophora''

* ''Chlorophora tinctora''

''Dorstenia''

* ''Dorstenia drakena'' – ''gallito'', ''barbudilla''

''Ficus''

* ''Ficus cookii'' * ''Ficus cotinifolia'' – ''amate negro'', ''tescalama'' * ''Ficus Ficus goldmanii'' – ''tescalama'', ''zalate'', ''zalaton'' * ''Ficus insipida'' – ''higuera'', ''amate'', ''higuera blanca'' * ''Ficus insipida'' var. ''insipida'' – ''camchin'', ''higuera'' * ''Ficus isophlebia'' * ''Ficus lapathifolia'' – ''amate de hoja ancha'' * ''Ficus maxima'' – ''higueron peluda'' * ''Ficus microchlamys'' – ''higuera'' * ''Ficus obtusifolia'' – ''higuerón'' * ''Ficus pertusa'' – ''amatillo'', ''camichin'' * ''Ficus petiolaris'' * ''Ficus pringlei'' * ''Ficus tuerckheimii'' * ''Ficus petiolaris'' – ''camichin'' * ''Ficus'' sp. 1 * ''Ficus'' sp. 2 * ''Ficus'' sp. 3

''Trophis''

* ''Trophis noraminervae'': gallery forest * ''Trophis racemosa'' – ''ramoncillo''

Moraceae or Urticaceae

''Cecropia''

* ''Cecropia obtusifolia'' – ''guarumbo'', ''huarumbo'', ''huitapil''

''Coussapoa''

* ''Coussapoa purpusii'' – ''tescalamilla''

Myricaceae

''Myrica, Morella''

* ''Morella cerifera'' – wax myrtle, ''falso encino''

Myrsinaceae

''Ardisia''

* ''Ardisia compressa'' – ''capulin'', ''capulincillo'', ''cordoban'' * ''Ardisia mexicana'' * ''Ardisia revoluta'' – ''arrayán'', ''cordoban'', ''timbuche agrio''

''Gentlea''

* ''Gentlea mcvaughii''

''Parathesis''

* ''Parathesis Ferruginea'' * ''Parathesis villosa'' – ''mananita'', ''timbuche cimarron''

''Rapanea''

* ''Rapanea juergensenii'' – ''naranjillo''; * ''Rapanea myricoides''

''Synardisia''

* ''Synardisia venosa''

Myrtaceae

''Calyptranthes''

* ''Calyptranthes pallens'' var. ''mexicana'' – ''murta''

''Eugenia''

* ''Eugenia capuli'' – ''capulín de mayo'' * ''Eugenia crenularis'' * ''Eugenia culminicola'' * ''Eugenia petens'' * ''Eugenia rekoi''

''Myrcianthes''

* ''Myrcianthes fragrans'' var. ''fragrans'' – ''lentisco''

''Psidium''

* ''Psidium guajaba'' – ''guayaba'' * ''Psidium guineense'' – ''guayaba cimarrón'', ''guavea del cerro'', ''guayabilla'', ''guaybilla vendera'' * ''Psidium sartorianum'' – ''arrayán''

Nyctaginaceae

''Boerhavia''

* ''Boerhavia coccinea'' – ''abrojo rojo''

''Mirabilis (plant), Mirabilis''

* ''Mirabilis jalapa'' – ''aretito'', ''maravilla'' * ''Mirabilis nyctaginea''

''Pisonia''

* ''Pisonia aculeata'' var. ''aculeata'' – ''coma de uña'', ''garabato'', ''garabato prieto'' * ''Pisonia arborescens''

''Pisoniella''

* ''Pisoniella arborescens''

''Salpianthus''

* ''Salpianthus purpurascens''

Ochnaceae

''Ouratea''

* ''Ouratea mexicana''

Olacaceae

''Ximenia''

* ''Ximenia americana'' – ''ciruelillo''

Oleaceae

''Forestiera''

* ''Forestiera reticulata'' * ''Forestiera rhamnifolia''

''Fraxinus''

* ''Fraxinus uhdei'': cloud forest

''Osmanthus''

* ''Osmanthus americanus''

Onagraceae

''Epilobium''

* ''Epilobium bonplandianum''

''Fuchsia''

* ''Fuchsia arborescens'': cloud forest * ''Fuchsia cylindracea'' * ''Fuchsia decidua'' * ''Fuchsia fulgens'' – ''aretillo'', ''chichile'' * ''Fuchsia microphylla'' subsp. ''microphylla'' – ''coralillo'', ''aretillo'' * ''Fuchsia obconica'' * ''Fuchsia thymifolia'' subsp. ''thymifolia''

''Gaura''

* ''Gaura hexandra''

''Lopezia''

* ''Lopezia miniata'' subsp. ''miniata'' * ''Lopezia racemosa'' subsp. ''racemosa'' – ''alfilerillo'' * ''Lopezia riesenbachia'' * ''Lopezia semeiandra''

''Ludwigia (plant), Ludwigia''

* ''Ludwigia decurrens'' * ''Ludwigia octovalvis'' – ''calavera''

''Oenothera''

* ''Oenothera kunthiana'' * ''Oenothera pubescens'' – ''linda tarde'' * ''Oenothera purpusii'' * ''Oenothera rosea'' – ''hierba del golpe'', ''linda artardecer''

Opiliaceae

''Agonandra''

* ''Agonandra racemosa''

Oxalidaceae

''Oxalis''

* ''Oxalis alpina'' * ''Oxalis corniculata'' * ''Oxalis galeottii'' * ''Oxalis hernandesii'' * ''Oxalis jacquiniana'' – ''cañitas'' * ''Oxalis macrocarpa''

Paperveraceae

''Argemone''

* ''Argemone ochroleuca'' – ''cardo santo'', ''aceitilla'', ''arnica blanca del campo'', ''chicalote''

''Bocconia (plant), Bocconia''

* ''Bocconia arborea'' – ''arbol de Juda'', ''llora sangre'' * ''Bocconia frutescens'' – ''barbasco''

Paperveraceae

''Passiflora''

* ''Passiflora biflora'' * ''Passiflora exsudans'' * ''Passiflora filipes'' * ''Passiflora foetida'' – ''maracuyá silvestre'' * ''Passiflora holosericea'' * ''Passiflora jorullensis'' * ''Passiflora pavonis'' * ''Passiflora podadenia'' * ''Passiflora porphyretica'' var. ''angustifolia'' * ''Passiflora suberosa'' * ''Passiflora sp. nov.'' 1 * ''Passiflora sp. nov.'' 2 * ''Passiflora'' sp.

Pedaliaceae or Martyniaceae

''Martynia''

* ''Martynia annua'' – ''gatitos'', ''toritos''

''Proboscidea''

* ''Proboscidea fragrans'' – ''hierba del toro''

Phytolaccaceae

''Ledenbergia''

''Ledenbergia macrantha''

''Petiveria''

''Petiveria alliacea'' – ''hierba del zorrillo'', ''zorillo'', ''caricillo silvestre''

''Phytolacca''

''Phytolacca icosandra'' – ''jaboncillo'', ''conguerin'', ''quilite'' ''Phytolacca rugosa'' – ''higuerilla''

''Rivina''

''Rivina humilis'' – ''bajatripa''

''Ledenbergia''

''Trichostigma octandrum'' – ''bejuco negro''

Piperaceae

''Peperomia''

*''Peperomia angularis'' *''Peperomia asarifolia'' *''Peperomia campylotropa'' *''Peperomia angularis'' – ''pimienta de tierra'' *''Peperomia cyclophylla'' *''Peperomia galioides'' *''Peperomia glabella'' *''Peperomia hispidula'' *''Peperomia hoffmannii'' *''Peperomia macrostachya'' *''Peperomia martiana'' *''Peperomia mexicana'' *''Peperomia molithrix'' *''Peperomia olivacea'' *''Peperomia peltata'' *''Peperomia quadrifolia'' *''Peperomia schizandra'' *''Peperomia tetraphylla'' *''Peperomia'' sp. 1 *''Peperomia'' sp. 2 *''Peperomia'' sp. 3 *''Peperomia'' sp. 4 *''Peperomia'' sp. 5 *''Peperomia'' sp. 6

''Piper (plant), Piper''

*''Piper abalienatum'' *''Piper amalago'' – ''cordoncillo hoja'' *''Piper brevipedicellatum'' – ''hierba del arlomo'', ''hoja santa'' *''Piper jaliscanum'' *''Piper michelianum'' – ''hierba de arlomo'' *''Piper novogalicianum'' *''Piper pseudolindenii'' *''Piper pseudofuligineum'' *''Piper rosei'' – ''hierba del arlomo'', ''hoja santa'' *''Piper sanctum'' – ''acoyo'', ''sacamantilla'' *''Piper stipulaceum'' *''Piper tuberculatum'' *''Piper umbellatum'' – ''acuya'', ''hoja santa'', ''sacamantilla'' *''Piper villiramulum'' – ''belencillo'', ''cigarillo'', ''cordoncillo'' *''Piper'' sp.

Plantaginaceae

''Plantago''

''Plantago hirtella'' – ''lanten''

Plumbaginaceae

''Plumbago''

* ''Plumbago scandens'' – ''flor de pegajoso'', ''hierba del cancer'', ''pegajoso''

Podostemaceae

''Podostemon''

* ''Podostemon ceratophyllum''

Primulaceae

''Parathesis''

* ''Parathesis villosa'': cloud forest

Rhamnaceae

''Rhamnus (plant), Rhamnus''

* ''Rhamnus hintonii'': cloud forest

Rosaceae

''Alchemilla''

* ''Alchemilla aphanoides''

''Crataegus''

* ''Crataegus mexicana'' or ''Crataegus pubescens'' – Mexican hawthorn, ''tejocote'', ''manzanita'', ''tejocotera''

''Photinia''

* ''Photinia parviflora'': gallery forest

''Prunus''

* ''Prunus cortapico'': cloud forest, pine–oak forest * ''Prunus serotina'' – black cherry

''Rubus''

* ''Rubus adenotrichos'': secondary vegetation

Rubiaceae

''Balmea''

* ''Balmea stormiae'': gallery forest

''Chiococca''

* ''Chiococca pachyphylla'': gallery forest

''Rondeletia (plant), Rondeletia''

* ''Rondeletia manantlanensis'': cloud forest

Sabiaceae

''Meliosma''

* ''Meliosma dentata'': cloud forest

Salicaceae

''Populus''

* ''Populus guzmanantlensis''Vazquez, Antonio and Ramon Cuevas (1989). "Una Nueva Especie Tropical De Populus (Sallcaceae) De La Sierra De Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico". ''Acta Botánica Mexicana'' 8:39–45

''Salix''

* ''Salix bonplandiana'' * ''Salix microphylla'': gallery forest * ''Salix paradoxa''

''Xylosma''

* ''Xylosma flexuosa'': cloud forest

Santalaceae or Viscaceae

''Arceuthobium''

* ''Arceuthobium globosum'': vine

''Phoradendron''

* ''Phoradendron amplifolium'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron brachystachyum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron carneum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron commutatum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron falcatum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron longifolium'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron olivae'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron quadrangulare'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron olivae'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron reichenbachianum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron robinsonii'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron scaberrimum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron tetrapterum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron velutinum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe * ''Phoradendron vernicosum'': parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe

Sapindaceae and Aceraceae

''Acer (plant), Acer''

* ''Acer binzayedii''Vargas-Rodriguez, Yalma & Urbatsch, Lowell & Karaman-Castro, Vesna & Figueroa Rangel, Blanca. (2017). Acer binzayedii (Sapindaceae), a new maple species from Mexico. Brittonia. 10.1007/s12228-017-9465-5. – some authorities consider this a disjunct population of ''Acer skutchii'' or a disjunct Relict (biology), relict population of sugar maple (''Acer saccharum''), a much more northern species

Solanaceae

''Solanum''

* ''Solanum aligerum''

Styracaceae

''Styrax''

* ''Styrax argenteus'': cloud forest * ''Styrax ramirezii''

Symplocaceae

''Symplocos''

* ''Symplocos citraea''

Theaceae or Pentaphylacaceae

''Cleyera''

* ''Cleyera integrifolia'': cloud forest, gallery forest

''Symplococarpon''

* ''Symplococarpon purpusii'': cloud forest

''Ternstroemia''

* ''Ternstroemia lineata'' – ''chico curioso''

Tiliaceae or Malvaceae

''Tilia''

* ''Tilia mexicana'' or ''Tilia americana'' var. ''mexicana'': cloud forest – ''sirimo''

''Triumfetta''

* ''Triumfetta barbosa'': cloud forest

Ulmaceae or Cannabaceae

''Aphanante''

* ''Aphanante monoica''

Urticaceae

''Cecropia''

* ''Cecropia obtusifolia''

Verbenaceae

''Citharexylum''

* ''Citharexylum mocinoi'': cloud forest

''Lippia''

* ''Lippia umbellata'': cloud forest

''Verbena''

* ''Verbena carolina''

Violaceae

''Hybanthus''

* ''Hybanthus attenuatus'': herb * ''Hybanthus elatus'': herb * ''Hybanthus mexicanus'': herb

''Viola''

* ''Viola grahamii'': herb * ''Viola oxyodontis'': herb

Vitaceae

''Ampelocissus''

* ''Ampelocissus acapulcensis'': vine

''Ampelopsis''

* ''Ampelopsis mexicana'': vine

''Cissus''

* ''Cissus cucurbitina'': vine * ''Cissus rhombifolia'': vine – ''bejuco de agua'', ''parilla'', ''uva'' * ''Cissus verticillata'': vine – ''parilla''

''Parthenocissus''

* ''Parthenocissus quinquefolia'': vine – Virginia creeper

''Vitis''

* ''Vitis tiliifolia'': vine – ''uva''

Zygophyllaceae

''Guaiacum''

* ''Guaiacum coulteri'': tree – lignum vitae, ''palo fierro''

''Kallstroemia''

* ''Kallstroemia maxima'': shrub * ''Kallstroemia rosei'': shrub

''Tribulus''

* ''Tribulus cistoides'': shrub

Notes

References

*Balcazar Medina, Oscar Enrique, 2011. "Patrones geoecologicos de indendios forestales en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlan". Tesis Universidad de Guadalajara *Cassell, B. A. (2012). "Fire History of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve in Western México", University of Washington. *Cerano-Paredes, J, J. Villanueva-Díaz, R. Cervantes-Martínez, P. Fulé, L. Yocom, G. Esquivel-Arriaga, E. Jardel-Peláez 2015. "Historia de incendios en un bosque de pino de la sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco, México". ''Bosque'' 36(1): 41–52, 2015 * Figueroa-Rangel, B. L., et al. (2008). "4200 Years of Pine‐dominated Upland Forest Dynamics in West‐central Mexico: Human or Natural Legacy". ''Ecology'' 89(7): 1893–1907 *Jardel Peláez, Enrique J., Gerardo Vélica Zúñiga, Oscar E. Balcázar Medina, Ramón Cuevas Guzmán, Eduardo Santana Castellón, Luis Manuel Martínez Rivera (2013). "Determinación De La Subzonificacion De La Reserva De La Biosfera Sierra De Manantlan". Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales-IMECBIO, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, En colaboración con Dirección de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Autlán, Jalisco. February 2013 *Olvera-Vargas, M., et al. (2010). "Is there environmental differentiation in the ''Quercus''-dominated forests of west-central Mexico?" ''Plant Ecology'' 211(2): 321–335. *Vargas-Rodriguez, Y. L. and W. J. Platt (2012). "Remnant sugar maple (''Acer saccharum'' subsp. ''skutchii'') populations at their range edge: Characteristics, environmental constraints and conservation implications in tropical America". ''Biological Conservation'' 150(1): 111–120. *Vazquez, Antonio and Ramon Cuevas (1989). "Una Nueva Especie Tropical De Populus (Sallcaceae) De La Sierra De Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico". ''Acta Botánica Mexicana'' 8:39–45 *Vazquez, J. A., R. Cuevas, T. S. Cochrane, H. H. Iltis, F. J. Santana, and L. Guzman (1995). ''Flora de Manantlán'', BRIT Press. {{DEFAULTSORT:Sierra de Manantlan Lists of plants Flora of Jalisco

Ecological characteristics

General characteristics

Location and geography

Birds and mammals

Cycad Cycads are seed plants that typically have a stout and woody (ligneous) trunk (botany), trunk with a crown (botany), crown of large, hard, stiff, evergreen and (usually) pinnate leaves. The species are dioecious, that is, individual plants o ...s

Zamiaceae The Zamiaceae are a family of cycads that are superficially palm or fern-like. They are divided into two subfamilies with eight genera and about 150 species in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Australia and North and South America. ...

Coniferae

Cupressaceae Cupressaceae or the cypress family is a family of conifers. The family includes 27–30 genera (17 monotypic), which include the junipers and redwoods, with about 130–140 species in total. They are monoecious, subdioecious or (rarely) dioecio ...

''Cupressus ''Cupressus'' (common name cypress) is one of several genus, genera of evergreen conifers within the Family (biology), family Cupressaceae; for the others, see cypress. It is considered a Polyphyly, polyphyletic group. Based on genetic and morpho ...''

Pinaceae The Pinaceae (), or pine family, are conifer trees or shrubs, including many of the well-known conifers of commercial importance such as Cedrus, cedars, firs, Tsuga, hemlocks, Pinyon_pine, piñons, larches, pines and spruces. The family is incl ...

''Abies Firs are evergreen coniferous trees belonging to the genus ''Abies'' () in the family Pinaceae. There are approximately 48–65 extant species, found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Eurasia, and North Africa. The genu ...''

''Pinus A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as c ...''

Podocarpaceae Podocarpaceae is a large family of mainly southern hemisphere conifers, known in English as podocarps, comprising about 156 species of evergreen trees and shrubs.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. ''Conifers of the World''. Portland, Oregon: Timber Pres ...

''Podocarpus ''Podocarpus'' () is a genus of conifers, the most numerous and widely distributed of the podocarp family, the Podocarpaceae. ''Podocarpus'' species are evergreen shrubs or trees, usually from tall, known to reach at times. The cones have ...''

Cyperaceae The Cyperaceae () are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as wikt:sedge, sedges. The family (biology), family is large; botanists have species description, described some 5,500 known species in about 90 ...

''Cyperus ''Cyperus'' is a large genus of about 700 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions. Description They are annual or perennial plants, mostly aquatic and growing in still or slow-moving ...''

''Festuca ''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on ...''

''Agave ''Agave'' (; ; ) is a genus of monocots native to the arid regions of the Americas. The genus is primarily known for its succulent and xerophytic species that typically form large Rosette (botany), rosettes of strong, fleshy leaves. Many plan ...''

''Otatea ''Otatea'', called weeping bamboo, is a genus of clumping bamboos in the Poaceae, grass family, native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia.Ruiz-Sanchez, E., V. Sosa, M. T. Mejía-Saules, X. Londoño & L. G. Clark. 2011. A taxonomic revision ...''

''Piptochaetium ''Piptochaetium'', or speargrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to North and South America. ''Piptochaetium'' is a bunchgrass genus in the tribe Stipeae.Clayton, W. D., et al. (2006 onwards)''Piptochaetium''.GrassBase - The On ...''

'' Zea''

Smilacaceae Smilacaceae, the greenbriers, is a family of flowering plants. While they were often assigned to a more broadly defined family Liliaceae, most recent botanists have accepted the two as distinct families, diverging around 55 million years ago dur ...

''Smilax ''Smilax'' is a genus of about 300–350 species, found in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. They are climbing flowering plants, many of which are woody and/or thorny, in the monocotyledon family (biology), family Smilacaceae, native through ...''

Typhaceae The Typhaceae () are a family of flowering plants, sometimes called the cattail family. The botanical name for the family has been recognized by most taxonomists. Description Members can be recognized as large marsh herbs with alternate two-rank ...

''Typha ''Typha'' is a genus of about 30 species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Typhaceae. These plants have a variety of common names, in British English as bulrushStreeter D, Hart-Davies C, Hardcastle A, Cole F, Harper L. 2009. ' ...''

Acanthaceae Acanthaceae () is a Family (biology), family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are Tropics, tropical Herbaceous plant, herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epip ...

''Aphelandra ''Aphelandra'' is a genus of over 200 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, native to tropical regions of the Americas. They are evergreen shrubs growing to tall, with opposite, simple leaves long, often with white veins. The ...''

''Barleria ''Barleria'' is a genus of plants in the family Acanthaceae. It includes 303 species native to the tropics and subtropics, including the Americas from Mexico to northern South America, sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula, the Indi ...''

''Dicliptera ''Dicliptera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bear's breeches family, Acanthaceae. It includes 223 species native to the tropics and subtropics worldwide. Well-known synonyms include ''Peristrophe'' and ''Dactylostegium''. Host plant ...''

'' Dyschoriste''

''Elytraria ''Elytraria'', scalystem, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, with a pantropical distribution. They tend to lack stems. Includes 22 species. Species Currently accepted species include: *''Elytraria acaulis'' (L.f.) Lindau ...''

'' Henrya''

'' Justicia'' or ''Jacobinia''

''Pseuderanthemum ''Pseuderanthemum'' is a genus of plants in family Acanthaceae with a pantropical distribution. Species The following 130 species are accepted by Plants of the World Online * ''Pseuderanthemum alatum'' * ''Pseuderanthemum albiflorum'' * '' ...''

''Ruellia ''Ruellia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias. They are not closely related to petunias (''Petunia'') although both genera belong to the same euasterids I, euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of ...''

''Tetramerium ''Tetramerium'' is a genus of plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It is found in the Americas, ranging from the southwestern United States to Bolivia, especially in tropical dry forests. Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck first ...''

''Ruellia ''Ruellia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias. They are not closely related to petunias (''Petunia'') although both genera belong to the same euasterids I, euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of ...'' or ''Blechum''

Actinidiaceae The Actinidiaceae are a small family (biology), family of flowering plants. The family has three genus, genera and about 360 species and is a member of the order Ericales. Distribution They are temperate and subtropical woody plant, woody vines, ...

''Saurauia ''Saurauia'' is a genus of plants in the family Actinidiaceae. It comprises about over 300 species distributed in the tropics and subtropics of Asia and South and Central America. Genetic evidence and the cell biology of the group support monophy ...''

''Mollugo ''Mollugo'' is a genus in the flowering plant family Molluginaceae. It comprises a few dozen species of herbaceous plant Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants in ...''

''Trianthema ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...''

Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae ( ) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus '' Amaranthus''. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, maki ...

''Achyranthes ''Achyranthes'' is a genus of medicinal plants, medicinal and ornamental plants in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. Chaff flower is a common name for plants in this genus. Species include: * ''Achyranthes ancistrophora'' C.C.Towns. * ''Achyr ...''

''Alternanthera ''Alternanthera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It is a widespread genus with most species occurring in the tropics, tropical Americas,Sánchez-Del Pino, I., et al. (2012)Molecular phylogenetics of ''Alternanthera'' ...''

''Amaranthus ''Amaranthus'' is a cosmopolitan group of more than 50 species which make up the genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants collectively known as amaranths. Some names include " prostrate pigweed" and " love lies bleeding". Some amaranth ...''

''Celosia ''Celosia'' ( ) is a small genus of edible and ornamental plants in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. Its species are commonly known as woolflowers, or, if the flower heads are crested by fasciation, cockscombs. The plants are well known in E ...''

''Chamissoa ''Chamissoa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae of the Caryophyllales order. The genus was named in honor of 19th century botanist Adelbert von Chamisso, by Carl Sigismund Kunth. It is native to North and South America. ...''

'' Froelichia''

''Gomphrena ''Gomphrena'' is a genus of plants in the family Amaranthaceae. They are known as the globe amaranths. The genus includes 139 species, which are native to the Americas (southern United States to southern Argentina), western and central tropical ...''

''Iresine ''Iresine'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It contains 20 to 25 species, all of which are native to the American tropics. The generic name is derived from the Greek word εριος (''erios''), meaning "wooly", refer ...''

'' Lagrezia''

'' Pleuropetalum''

Anacardiaceae The Anacardiaceae, commonly known as the cashew family or sumac family, are a family of flowering plants, including about 83 genera with about 860 known species. Members of the Anacardiaceae bear fruits that are drupes and in some cases produce ...

'' Amphipterygium''

''Astronium ''Astronium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It is native to Central and South America. ''Astronium'' is a genus of dioecious trees. Leaves are deciduous, alternate, and odd-pinnate. Species , Plants of the ...''

'' Cyrtocarpa''

''Pistacia ''Pistacia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It contains 10 to 20 species that are native to Africa and Eurasia from the Canary Islands, all of Africa, and southern Europe, warm and semidesert areas across Asia ...''

'' Pseudosmodingium''

''Rhus Sumac or sumach ( , )—not to be confused with poison sumac—is any of the roughly 35 species of flowering plants in the genus ''Rhus'' (and related genera) of the cashew and mango tree family, Anacardiaceae. However, it is '' Rhus coriaria' ...''

''Spondias ''Spondias'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. The genus consists of 17 described species, 7 of which are native to the Neotropics and about 10 are native to tropical Asia. They are commonly named hog plums, Sp ...''

''Toxicodendron ''Toxicodendron'' is a genus of flowering plants in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae. It contains trees, shrubs and woody vines, including poison ivy, poison oak, and the lacquer tree. All members of the genus produce the skin-irritating oil ...''

Apiaceae Apiaceae () or Umbelliferae is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus ''Apium,'' and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering p ...

''Eryngium ''Eryngium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. There are about 250 species. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with centres of diversity in the western Mediterranean, South America and Mexico.Calviño, C.I., Martíne ...''

Annonaceae The Annonaceae are a Family (biology), family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest ...

''Annona ''Annona'' or Anona (from Taíno ''annon'') is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/ sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after '' Guatteria'', containing approximately 166''

Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (, from '' Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison. Notable mem ... or Asclepiadaceae

''Asclepias ''Asclepias'' is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic to huma ...''

''Blepharodon ''Blepharodon'' is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1844. They are native primarily to South America, with one species extending into Central America and Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican ...''

'' Cryptostegia''

''Cynanchum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...''

''Funastrum ''Funastrum'' is a genus of flowering plant now in the family Apocynaceae. The name is derived from the Latin word ''funis'', meaning "rope", and ''astrum'', alluding to the twining stems. Members of the genus are commonly known as twinevines. S ...''

''Gonolobus ''Gonolobus'' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae, first described in 1803. It is native to South America, Central America, Mexico, the West Indies, and the southern United States. Species 124 species are accepted. * ''Gonolobus absalonen ...''

''Marsdenia ''Marsdenia'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1810. It is named in honor of the plant collector and Secretary of the Admiralty, William Marsden (orientalist), William Marsden. The plants are native to ...''

''Matelea ''Matelea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It contains about 200 species, which are commonly known as milkvines. Some people consider '' Chthamalia'' to be a synonym to or a subgenus of ''Matelea''. Species , Plants of ...''

'' Mellichampia''

''Metastelma ''Metastelma'' is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (, from '' Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogban ...''

Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (, from '' Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison. Notable mem ...

''Alstonia ''Alstonia'' is a widespread genus of evergreen trees and shrubs, of the family Apocynaceae. It was named by Robert Brown in 1811, after Charles Alston (1685–1760), professor of botany at Edinburgh from 1716 to 1760. The type species ''Alston ...''

''Haplophyton ''Haplophyton'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described in 1844. It is native to the southwestern United States, Mexico, Cuba, and Guatemala. It is a suffrutescent herb with alternative leaves and showy colorful flowers. ...''

'' Laubertia''

Cycad Cycads are seed plants that typically have a stout and woody (ligneous) trunk (botany), trunk with a crown (botany), crown of large, hard, stiff, evergreen and (usually) pinnate leaves. The species are dioecious, that is, individual plants o ...
s

''
Cupressus ''Cupressus'' (common name cypress) is one of several genus, genera of evergreen conifers within the Family (biology), family Cupressaceae; for the others, see cypress. It is considered a Polyphyly, polyphyletic group. Based on genetic and morpho ...
''

''
Abies Firs are evergreen coniferous trees belonging to the genus ''Abies'' () in the family Pinaceae. There are approximately 48–65 extant species, found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Eurasia, and North Africa. The genu ...
''

''
Pinus A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as c ...
''

''
Podocarpus ''Podocarpus'' () is a genus of conifers, the most numerous and widely distributed of the podocarp family, the Podocarpaceae. ''Podocarpus'' species are evergreen shrubs or trees, usually from tall, known to reach at times. The cones have ...
''

''
Cyperus ''Cyperus'' is a large genus of about 700 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions. Description They are annual or perennial plants, mostly aquatic and growing in still or slow-moving ...
''

''
Festuca ''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on ...
''

''
Agave ''Agave'' (; ; ) is a genus of monocots native to the arid regions of the Americas. The genus is primarily known for its succulent and xerophytic species that typically form large Rosette (botany), rosettes of strong, fleshy leaves. Many plan ...
''

''
Otatea ''Otatea'', called weeping bamboo, is a genus of clumping bamboos in the Poaceae, grass family, native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia.Ruiz-Sanchez, E., V. Sosa, M. T. Mejía-Saules, X. Londoño & L. G. Clark. 2011. A taxonomic revision ...
''

''
Piptochaetium ''Piptochaetium'', or speargrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to North and South America. ''Piptochaetium'' is a bunchgrass genus in the tribe Stipeae.Clayton, W. D., et al. (2006 onwards)''Piptochaetium''.GrassBase - The On ...
''

''
Smilax ''Smilax'' is a genus of about 300–350 species, found in the tropics and subtropics worldwide. They are climbing flowering plants, many of which are woody and/or thorny, in the monocotyledon family (biology), family Smilacaceae, native through ...
''

''
Typha ''Typha'' is a genus of about 30 species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Typhaceae. These plants have a variety of common names, in British English as bulrushStreeter D, Hart-Davies C, Hardcastle A, Cole F, Harper L. 2009. ' ...
''

''
Aphelandra ''Aphelandra'' is a genus of over 200 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, native to tropical regions of the Americas. They are evergreen shrubs growing to tall, with opposite, simple leaves long, often with white veins. The ...
''

''
Barleria ''Barleria'' is a genus of plants in the family Acanthaceae. It includes 303 species native to the tropics and subtropics, including the Americas from Mexico to northern South America, sub-Saharan Africa, Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula, the Indi ...
''

''
Dicliptera ''Dicliptera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the bear's breeches family, Acanthaceae. It includes 223 species native to the tropics and subtropics worldwide. Well-known synonyms include ''Peristrophe'' and ''Dactylostegium''. Host plant ...
''

''
Elytraria ''Elytraria'', scalystem, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, with a pantropical distribution. They tend to lack stems. Includes 22 species. Species Currently accepted species include: *''Elytraria acaulis'' (L.f.) Lindau ...
''

''
Pseuderanthemum ''Pseuderanthemum'' is a genus of plants in family Acanthaceae with a pantropical distribution. Species The following 130 species are accepted by Plants of the World Online * ''Pseuderanthemum alatum'' * ''Pseuderanthemum albiflorum'' * '' ...
''

''
Ruellia ''Ruellia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias. They are not closely related to petunias (''Petunia'') although both genera belong to the same euasterids I, euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of ...
''

''
Tetramerium ''Tetramerium'' is a genus of plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It is found in the Americas, ranging from the southwestern United States to Bolivia, especially in tropical dry forests. Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck first ...
''

''
Ruellia ''Ruellia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as ruellias or wild petunias. They are not closely related to petunias (''Petunia'') although both genera belong to the same euasterids I, euasterid clade. The genus was named in honor of ...
'' or ''Blechum''

''
Saurauia ''Saurauia'' is a genus of plants in the family Actinidiaceae. It comprises about over 300 species distributed in the tropics and subtropics of Asia and South and Central America. Genetic evidence and the cell biology of the group support monophy ...
''

''
Mollugo ''Mollugo'' is a genus in the flowering plant family Molluginaceae. It comprises a few dozen species of herbaceous plant Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants in ...
''

''
Trianthema ''Trianthema'' is a genus of flowering plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are annuals or perennials generally characterized by fleshy, opposite, unequal, smooth-margined leaves, a prostrate growth form, flowers with ...
''

''
Achyranthes ''Achyranthes'' is a genus of medicinal plants, medicinal and ornamental plants in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. Chaff flower is a common name for plants in this genus. Species include: * ''Achyranthes ancistrophora'' C.C.Towns. * ''Achyr ...
''

''
Alternanthera ''Alternanthera'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It is a widespread genus with most species occurring in the tropics, tropical Americas,Sánchez-Del Pino, I., et al. (2012)Molecular phylogenetics of ''Alternanthera'' ...
''

''
Amaranthus ''Amaranthus'' is a cosmopolitan group of more than 50 species which make up the genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants collectively known as amaranths. Some names include " prostrate pigweed" and " love lies bleeding". Some amaranth ...
''

''
Celosia ''Celosia'' ( ) is a small genus of edible and ornamental plants in the amaranth family, Amaranthaceae. Its species are commonly known as woolflowers, or, if the flower heads are crested by fasciation, cockscombs. The plants are well known in E ...
''

''
Chamissoa ''Chamissoa'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae of the Caryophyllales order. The genus was named in honor of 19th century botanist Adelbert von Chamisso, by Carl Sigismund Kunth. It is native to North and South America. ...
''

''
Gomphrena ''Gomphrena'' is a genus of plants in the family Amaranthaceae. They are known as the globe amaranths. The genus includes 139 species, which are native to the Americas (southern United States to southern Argentina), western and central tropical ...
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Iresine ''Iresine'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It contains 20 to 25 species, all of which are native to the American tropics. The generic name is derived from the Greek word εριος (''erios''), meaning "wooly", refer ...
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Astronium ''Astronium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It is native to Central and South America. ''Astronium'' is a genus of dioecious trees. Leaves are deciduous, alternate, and odd-pinnate. Species , Plants of the ...
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Pistacia ''Pistacia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It contains 10 to 20 species that are native to Africa and Eurasia from the Canary Islands, all of Africa, and southern Europe, warm and semidesert areas across Asia ...
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Rhus Sumac or sumach ( , )—not to be confused with poison sumac—is any of the roughly 35 species of flowering plants in the genus ''Rhus'' (and related genera) of the cashew and mango tree family, Anacardiaceae. However, it is '' Rhus coriaria' ...
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Spondias ''Spondias'' is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. The genus consists of 17 described species, 7 of which are native to the Neotropics and about 10 are native to tropical Asia. They are commonly named hog plums, Sp ...
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Toxicodendron ''Toxicodendron'' is a genus of flowering plants in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae. It contains trees, shrubs and woody vines, including poison ivy, poison oak, and the lacquer tree. All members of the genus produce the skin-irritating oil ...
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Eryngium ''Eryngium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. There are about 250 species. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with centres of diversity in the western Mediterranean, South America and Mexico.Calviño, C.I., Martíne ...
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Annona ''Annona'' or Anona (from Taíno ''annon'') is a genus of flowering plants in the pawpaw/ sugar apple family, Annonaceae. It is the second largest genus in the family after '' Guatteria'', containing approximately 166
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Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (, from '' Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison. Notable mem ...
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Asclepias ''Asclepias'' is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic to huma ...
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Blepharodon ''Blepharodon'' is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1844. They are native primarily to South America, with one species extending into Central America and Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican ...
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Cynanchum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...
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Funastrum ''Funastrum'' is a genus of flowering plant now in the family Apocynaceae. The name is derived from the Latin word ''funis'', meaning "rope", and ''astrum'', alluding to the twining stems. Members of the genus are commonly known as twinevines. S ...
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Gonolobus ''Gonolobus'' is a genus of plant in family Apocynaceae, first described in 1803. It is native to South America, Central America, Mexico, the West Indies, and the southern United States. Species 124 species are accepted. * ''Gonolobus absalonen ...
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Marsdenia ''Marsdenia'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1810. It is named in honor of the plant collector and Secretary of the Admiralty, William Marsden (orientalist), William Marsden. The plants are native to ...
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Matelea ''Matelea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It contains about 200 species, which are commonly known as milkvines. Some people consider '' Chthamalia'' to be a synonym to or a subgenus of ''Matelea''. Species , Plants of ...
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Metastelma ''Metastelma'' is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (, from '' Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogban ...
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Alstonia ''Alstonia'' is a widespread genus of evergreen trees and shrubs, of the family Apocynaceae. It was named by Robert Brown in 1811, after Charles Alston (1685–1760), professor of botany at Edinburgh from 1716 to 1760. The type species ''Alston ...
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Haplophyton ''Haplophyton'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described in 1844. It is native to the southwestern United States, Mexico, Cuba, and Guatemala. It is a suffrutescent herb with alternative leaves and showy colorful flowers. ...
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Mandevilla ''Mandevilla'' is a genus of tropical and subtropical flowering vines belonging to the family Apocynaceae. It was first described as a genus in 1840. A common name is rocktrumpet. ''Mandevilla'' species are native to the Southwestern United St ...
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Plumeria ''Plumeria'' (), also known as frangipani, is a genus of flowering plants in the subfamily Rauvolfioideae, of the family Apocynaceae. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees. The species are native to the Neotropical realm (in Mexico, ...
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Rauvolfia ''Rauvolfia'' (sometimes spelled ''Rauwolfia'') is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs, commonly known as devil peppers, in the family Apocynaceae. The genus is named to honor Leonhard Rauwolf. The genus can mainly be found in Tropics, trop ...
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Tabernaemontana ''Tabernaemontana'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It has a pan-tropical distribution, found in Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, South America, and islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. These plants are everg ...
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Vallesia ''Vallesia'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1794. It is native to South America, Central America, Mexico, Florida, the Galápagos Islands, and the West Indies. ;Species * ''Vallesia antillana'' Woods ...
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Vinca ''Vinca'' (; Latin: ''vincire'' "to bind, fetter") is an Old World genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, The English name periwinkle is shared with the related genus '' Catharanthus'' (and with the mollusc '' Littorina littorea'') ...
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Ilex ''Ilex'' () or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. ''Ilex'' has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen or ...
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Aralia ''Aralia'' , or spikenard, is a genus of the family Araliaceae, consisting of 68 accepted species of deciduous or evergreen trees, shrubs, and rhizomatous herbaceous perennials. The genus is native to Asia and the Americas, with most species oc ...
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Dendropanax ''Dendropanax'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araliaceae, consisting of 92 species of evergreen trees and shrubs, first described by Joseph Decaisne & Jules Émile Planchon in 1854.Decaisne, J. & Planchon, J.E. (1854) Rev. Hort. ar ...
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Oreopanax ''Oreopanax'' is a genus of shrubs and trees in the family Araliaceae, comprising circa 85 species native to the Americas. Distribution ''Oreopanax'' species' range extends from Mexico and the Antilles to Argentina and Brazil, with most species ...
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Aristolochia ''Aristolochia'' () is a large plant genus with over 500 species that is the type genus of the family Aristolochiaceae. Its members are commonly known as birthwort, pipevine or Dutchman's pipe and are widespread and occur in the most diverse clim ...
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Impatiens ''Impatiens'' is a genus of more than 1,000 species of flowering plants, widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere and the tropics. Together with the genus ''Hydrocera'' (one species), ''Impatiens'' make up the family (biology), f ...
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Anredera ''Anredera'' is a genus of plants native to Latin America, the West Indies, Texas, and Florida. Some are naturalized in other regions (notably Mediterranean region and on various oceanic islands). Most of them evergreen vines of dry scrubland a ...
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Begonia ''Begonia'' is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Begoniaceae. The genus contains more than 2,000 different plant species. The Begonias are native to moist subtropical and tropical climates. Some species are commonly grown ...
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Berberis ''Berberis'' (), commonly known as barberry, is a large genus of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from tall, found throughout temperate and subtropical regions of the world (apart from Australia). Species diversity is greatest in South America a ...
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Alnus Alders are trees of the genus ''Alnus'' in the birch family Betulaceae. The genus includes about 35 species of monoecious trees and shrubs, a few reaching a large size, distributed throughout the north temperate zone with a few species ext ...
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Carpinus Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the family Betulaceae. Its species occur across much of the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names The common English name ''hornbeam'' derives from the hard ...
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Ostrya ''Ostrya'' is a genus of eight to 10 small deciduous trees belonging to the birch family Betulaceae. Common names include hop-hornbeam and hophornbeam. It may also be called ironwood, a name shared with a number of other plants. The genus is na ...
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Amphilophium ''Amphilophium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to South America. ''Amphilophium crucigerum'' (syn. ''Pithecoctenium crucigerum'') has escaped from cultivation elsewhere, and has become an invasive weed in Austr ...
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Astianthus ''Astianthus'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Bignoniaceae family.Eberhard Fischer, Inge Theisen, and Lúcia G. Lohmann. 2004. "Bignoniaceae". pages 9-38. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor) and Joachim W. Kadereit (volume editor). ''The ...
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Crescentia ''Crescentia'' (calabash tree, huingo, krabasi, or kalebas) is a genus of six species of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae, native to Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America. The species are moderate-size tre ...
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