History
Foundations
In 1842, the bishop of Vincennes,Early history
The college awarded its first degrees in 1849. As it grew under the presidency of Sorin and his successors, new academic programs were offered and new buildings built to accommodate the growing student and faculty population. The brief presidency of Patrick Dillon (1865–1866) saw the original main building replaced with a larger one, which housed the university's administration, classrooms, and dormitories. UnderGrowth
John Zahm was the Holy Cross Provincial for the United States from 1898 to 1906, with overall supervision of the university. He sought to modernize and expand Notre Dame by erecting buildings and adding to the campus art gallery and library, amassing what became a famousExpansion in the 1930s and 1940s
Hesburgh era: 1952–1987
_Campus
__Administration_and_academic_buildings_
The_Main_Building_serves_as_the_center_for_the_university's_administrative_offices,_including_the_Office_of_the_President._Its_golden_dome,_topped_by_the_statue_of_Mary,_is_the_campus'_most_recognizable_landmark._When_the_second_iteration_of_the_main_building_burned_down_in_1879,_the_third_and_current_structure_was_built_in_record_time._The_main_building_is_located_on_Main_Quad_(also_known_as_"God_Quad"),_which_is_the_oldest,_most_historic,_and_most_central_part_of_campus._Behind_the_main_building_stand_several_facilities_with_administrative_purposes_and_student_services,_including_Carole_Sadner_Hall,_Brownson_Hall,_and_St._Liam's_Hall,_the_campus_health_center. There_are_several_religious_buildings_The_current_Basilica_of_the_Sacred_Heart_is_on_the_site_of_Sorin's_original_church,_which_had_become_too_small_for_the_growing_college._It_is_built_in_French_Revival_style,_with_stained_glass_windows_imported_from_France.___Residential_and_student_buildings_
There_are_ 31_undergraduate_residence_halls._Most_of_the_graduate_students_on_campus_live_in_one_of_four_graduate_housing_complexes_on_campus._A_new_residence_for_men,___Athletics_facilities_
Because_of_its_long_athletic_tradition,_the_university_features_many_athletic_buildings,_which_are_concentrated_in_the_southern_and_eastern_sections_of_campus._The_most_prominent_is_Notre_Dame_Stadium,_home_of_the_Fighting_Irish_football_team;_it_has_been_renovated_several_times_and_today_can_seat_over_80,000_people._Prominent_venues_include_the_ Edmund_P._Joyce_Center,_with_indoor_basketball_and_volleyball_courts,_and_the_Compton_Family_Ice_Arena,_a_two-rink_facility_dedicated_to_hockey._There_are_many_outdoor_fields,_such_as_the__Environmental_sustainability
The_Office_of_Sustainability_was_created_in_the_fall_of_2007_at_the_recommendation_of_a_Sustainability_Strategy_Working_Group_and_appointed_the_first_director_in_April_2008._The_pursuit_of__Global_Gateways
_Community_development
The_first_phase_of_Eddy_Street_Commons,_a_$215 million_development_adjacent_to_campus_funded_by_the_university,_broke_ground_in_June_2008._The_project_drew_union_protests_when_workers_hired_by_the_City_of_South_Bend_to_construct_the_public_parking_garage_picketed_the_private_work_site_after_a_contractor_hired_non-union_workers._The_$90 million_second_phase_broke_ground_in_2017._Organization_and_administration
_Endowment
Notre_Dame's_ endowment_was_started_in_the_early_1920s_by_university_president_James_Burns;_it_was_$7_million_by_1952_when_Hesburgh_became_president.__In_fiscal_year_ending_in_2021,_the_university_endowment_market_value_was_$18.07_billion,_Academics
_Colleges_and_schools
*The__Special_programs
Every_Notre_Dame_undergraduate_is_part_of_one_of_the_school's_five_undergraduate_colleges_or_is_in_the_First_Year_of_Studies_program. The_First_Year_of_Studies_program_was_established_in_1962_to_guide__Graduate_education
Each_college_offers_graduate_education_in_the_form_of_master's_and_doctoral_programs._Most_of_the_departments_in_the_College_of_Arts_and_Letters_offer_PhDs,_while_a_professional__Centers_and_institutes
The_university_hosts_several_centers_and_institutes._These_include_the_Center_for_Social_Concerns,_the_Eck_Institute_for_Global_Health,_the_Institute_for_Educational_Initiatives,_the_Keough-Naughton_Institute_for_Irish_Studies,_the__Libraries
_Admissions
Admission_to_Notre_Dame_is_highly_competitive;_the_fall_2022_incoming_class_admitted_3,412_from_a_pool_of_26,506_applicants_for_12.9_percent_acceptance_rate.__Tuition_
Tuition_for_full-time_students_at_the_University_of_Notre_Dame_in_2021_is_$57,192_a_year—a_3.9_percent_increase_over_2020._This_is_slightly_higher_than_the_national_average_for_tuition_increases,_which_is_historically_three_percent_per_year._Rankings
Notre_Dame_has_been_recognized_as_one_of_the_top_universities_in_the_United_States._Research
_Science
Joseph_Carrier,_director_of_the_Science_Museum_and_the_library,_was_a_professor_of_chemistry_and_physics_until_1874._Carrier_taught_that_scientific_research_and_its_promise_for_progress_were_not_antagonistic_to_the_ideals_of_intellectual_and_moral_culture_endorsed_by_the__Humanities
_Current_research
As_of_2019,_research_continued_in_many_fields._President_Jenkins_described_his_hope_that_Notre_Dame_would_become_"one_of_the_pre-eminent_research_institutions_in_the_world"_in_his_inaugural_address._European_émigrés
_Student_life
As_of_Fall_2020,_the_Notre_Dame_student_body_consisted_of_12,681_students,_with_8,731__Residence_halls
_Student_clubs
_Student_union
The_Notre_Dame_Club_Coordination_Council_(or_simply_the_Club_Coordination_Council_(CCC))_is_the_branch_of_the_Student_Union_of_the_university_responsible_for_communicating_issues_facing_undergraduate_club_issues,_providing_funding_for_undergraduate_clubs,_serving_as_the_representative_body_of_undergraduate_student_clubs,_and_working_with_student_clubs_to_ensure_that_clubs_can_coordinate_their_programming_of_activities._Student_events
Website_BestColleges.com_ranks_the_university's__Religious_life
_Student-run_media
Notre_Dame_students_run_nine_media_outlets:_three_newspapers,_a_radio_and_television_station,_and_several_magazines_and_journals._The_''Scholastic_(Notre_Dame_publication), Scholastic''_magazine,_begun_as_a_one-page_journal_in_1876,_is_issued_twice_monthly_and_claims_to_be_the_oldest_continuous_collegiate_publication_in_the_United_States._The_other_magazine,_''The_Juggler'',_is_released_twice_a_year_and_focuses_on_student_literature_and_artwork._Athletics
_Football
_Football_game-day_traditions
During_home_games,_activities_occur_all_over_campus_and_dorms_decorate_their_halls_with_a_traditional_item_(e.g.,_Zahm_Hall_(University_of_Notre_Dame), Zahm_Hall's_two-story_banner)._Traditional_activities_begin_at_midnight_with_the_Drummers'_Circle,_involving_the_Band_of_the_Fighting_Irish's_drumline_beginning_the_other_festivities_that_will_continue_the_rest_of_the_game_day_Saturday._Later_that_day,_the_trumpet_section_will_play_the_Notre_Dame_Victory_March_and_the_Notre_Dame_Alma_Mater_under_the_dome._The_entire_band_will_play_a_concert_at_the_steps_of_Bond_Hall,_then_march_into_the_stadium,_leading_fans_and_students_alike_across_campus_to_the_game._Men's_basketball
_Other_sports
Notre_Dame_has_won_an_additional_14_national_championships_in_sports_other_than_football._Three_teams_have_won_multiple_national_championships;_the_fencing_team_leads_with_10,_followed_by_the_men's_tennis_and_women's_soccer_teams_each_with_two._Band_and_"Victory_March"
The_Band_of_the_Fighting_Irish_was_formed_in_1846_and_is_the_oldest_university_band_in_continuous_existence._The_marching_band_plays_at_home_games_for_most_sports._It_regularly_plays_the_school's_fight_song,_the_Notre_Dame_"Victory_March",_identified_as_the_most_played_and_most_famous_fight_song_by_Northern_Illinois_University, Northern_Illinois_professor_William_Studwell._ Cheer,_cheer_for_old_Notre_Dame,
Wake_up_the_echoes_cheering_her_name,
Send_a_volley_cheer_on_high,
Shake_down_the_thunder_from_the_sky.
What_though_the_odds_be_great_or_small
Old_Notre_Dame_will_win_over_all,
While_her_loyal_sons_are_marching
Onward_to_victory.
_Alumni
The_school_has_over_130,000_alumni_and_275_alumni_clubs_around_the_world._Many_give_the_university_yearly_monetary_support._Notre_Dame_is_ranked_among_schools_with_the_highest_alumni_donation_rates._A_school-record_of_53.2_percent_of_alumni_donating_was_set_in_2006._Many_buildings,_including_residence_halls,_on_campus_are_named_for_major_donors._Classroom_buildings,_and_the_performing_arts_center_are_also_named_for_donors._Popular_culture
The_University_of_Notre_Dame_is_the_setting_of_several_works_of_fiction,_as_well_as_the_alma_mater_of_some_fictional_characters._Film
*''Knute_Rockne,_All_American''_is_a_1940_biographical_film_which_tells_the_story_of_Knute_Rockne,_Notre_Dame_football_coach. *The_"Win_one_for_the_Gipper"_speech_was_parodied_in_the_1980_movie_''Airplane!''_when,_with_the_Victory_March_rising_to_a_crescendo_in_the_background,_Dr._Rumak,_played_by_Leslie_Nielsen,_urged_reluctant_pilot_Ted_Striker,_played_by_Robert_Hays,_to_"win_just_one_for_the_Zipper",_Striker's_war_buddy,_George_Zipp._The_Victory_March_also_plays_during_the_film's_credits. *Rudy_(film), ''Rudy''_is_a_1993_account_of_the_life_of_Rudy_Ruettiger, Daniel_"Rudy"_Ruettiger,_who_harbored_dreams_of_playing_football_at_Notre_Dame_despite_significant_obstacles._Television
*President_Josiah_Bartlet_from_the_show_''The_West_Wing''_is_a_Notre_Dame_graduate,_and_the_First_Lady_Abigail_Bartlet_attended___Other_media
*The_song_This_Too_Shall_Pass_(OK_Go_song), This_Too_Shall_Pass_by_OK_Go_and_its_video_were_created_in_collaboration_with_the_Band_of_the_Fighting_Irish, Notre_Dame_Marching_Band_and_the_video_shot_on_the_university_campus._See_also
*Notre_Dame_Shakespeare_Festival,_held_on_campus_every_summer_Notes
_References
_Further_reading
*Burns,_Robert_E._''Being_Catholic,_Being_American:_The_Notre_Dame_Story,_1934–1952,_Vol._2.''_(2000)._632pp_External_links
*Recent history
In the 18 yearsCampus
Administration and academic buildings
The Main Building serves as the center for the university's administrative offices, including the Office of the President. Its golden dome, topped by the statue of Mary, is the campus' most recognizable landmark. When the second iteration of the main building burned down in 1879, the third and current structure was built in record time. The main building is located on Main Quad (also known as "God Quad"), which is the oldest, most historic, and most central part of campus. Behind the main building stand several facilities with administrative purposes and student services, including Carole Sadner Hall, Brownson Hall, and St. Liam's Hall, the campus health center. There are several religious buildings The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is on the site of Sorin's original church, which had become too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style, with stained glass windows imported from France. Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Sorin to be an artist in residence, painted the interior. The basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church, there are sculptures by Ivan Meštrović. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, built in 1896, serves as a replica of the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes, original inResidential and student buildings
There are University of Notre Dame residence halls, 31 undergraduate residence halls. Most of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus. A new residence for men, Dunne Hall (University of Notre Dame), Dunne Hall, began accepting residents in the fall of 2016. Flaherty Hall (University of Notre Dame), Flaherty Hall, for women, was also completed and opened that semester. The South Dining Hall and North Dining Hall serve the student body.Athletics facilities
Because of its long athletic tradition, the university features many athletic buildings, which are concentrated in the southern and eastern sections of campus. The most prominent is Notre Dame Stadium, home of the Fighting Irish football team; it has been renovated several times and today can seat over 80,000 people. Prominent venues include the Edmund P. Joyce Center, with indoor basketball and volleyball courts, and the Compton Family Ice Arena, a two-rink facility dedicated to hockey. There are many outdoor fields, such as the Frank Eck Stadium for baseball. Legends of Notre Dame (commonly called Legends) is a music venue, public house, and restaurant on campus, just south of the stadium. The former Alumni Senior Club opened in September 2003 after a $3.5 million renovation and became an all-ages student hang-out. Legends is made up of two parts: The Restaurant and Alehouse and the nightclub.Environmental sustainability
The Office of Sustainability was created in the fall of 2007 at the recommendation of a Sustainability Strategy Working Group and appointed the first director in April 2008. The pursuit ofGlobal Gateways
Community development
The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development adjacent to campus funded by the university, broke ground in June 2008. The project drew union protests when workers hired by the City of South Bend to construct the public parking garage picketed the private work site after a contractor hired non-union workers. The $90 million second phase broke ground in 2017.Organization and administration
Endowment
Notre Dame's financial endowment, endowment was started in the early 1920s by university president James Burns; it was $7 million by 1952 when Hesburgh became president. In fiscal year ending in 2021, the university endowment market value was $18.07 billion, though more recently it reported its value at approximately $13.3 billion.Academics
Colleges and schools
*The Notre Dame College of Arts and Letters, College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842. The first degrees were granted seven years later. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Society of Jesus, Jesuit ''Ratio Studiorum'' from Saint Louis University. Today, the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in nearly 70 majors and minors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are more than 3,000 undergraduates and 1,100 graduates enrolled in the college, taught by 500 faculty members.Special programs
Every Notre Dame undergraduate is part of one of the school's five undergraduate colleges or is in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide first year, freshmen through their first year at the school before they have declared a Major (academic), major. Each student is assigned an academic advisor who helps them choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program includes a Learning Resource Center, which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. It has been recognized as outstanding by ''U.S. News & World Report''. First Year of Studies is designed to encourage intellectual and academic achievement and innovation among first-year students. It includes programs such as FY advising, the Dean's A-list, the Renaissance circle, NDignite, the First Year Urban challenge, and more. Every admissions cycle, the Office of Undergraduate Admissions selects a small number of students for the Glynn Family Honors Program, which grants top students within the College of Arts and Letters and the College of Science access to smaller class sizes taught by distinguished faculty, endowed funding for independent research, and dedicated advising faculty and staff.Graduate education
Each college offers graduate education in the form of master's and doctoral programs. Most of the departments in the College of Arts and Letters offer PhDs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhDs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhDs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs, including MBA and Master of Accountancy, Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. The Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program, where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States, South for two school years. The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LLM) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with aCenters and institutes
The university hosts several centers and institutes. These include the Center for Social Concerns, the Eck Institute for Global Health, the Institute for Educational Initiatives, the Keough-Naughton Institute for Irish Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, the McGrath Institute for Church Life, the Medieval Institute, the Nanovic Institute for European Studies, and the Tantur Ecumenical Institute. There are also several college-based institutes such as the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center (UNDERC), the Harper Cancer Research Institute, the Initiative for Global Development, the Institute for Flow Physics and Control, the Institute for Latino Studies, the Liu Institute for Asia and Asian Studies, and the Wireless Institute. In 2019, Notre Dame announced plans to rename the Center for Ethics and Culture, an organization focused on spreading Catholic moral and intellectual traditions. The new A $10 million gift from Anthony and Christie funded the Center for Ethics and Culture. The university is also home to the McGrath Institute for Church Life, which "partners with Catholic dioceses, parishes and schools to address pastoral challenges with theological depth and rigor". The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, founded in 1986 through donations Joan B. Kroc, the surviving spouse ofLibraries
Admissions
Admission to Notre Dame is highly competitive; the fall 2022 incoming class admitted 3,412 from a pool of 26,506 applicants for 12.9 percent acceptance rate. The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. Of the most recent class, the class of 2020, 48 percent were in the top one percent of their high school, and 94 percent were in the top 10 percent. The medianTuition
Tuition for full-time students at the University of Notre Dame in 2021 is $57,192 a year—a 3.9 percent increase over 2020. This is slightly higher than the national average for tuition increases, which is historically three percent per year. Room and board is estimated to be an additional $15,984 a year for students who live in campus housing. Notre Dame is a private university, so it offers the same tuition for in-state and out-of-state students.Rankings
Notre Dame has been recognized as one of the top universities in the United States. In 2020, Notre Dame ranked 11th for "best undergraduate teaching", 24th for "best value" school and tied for 15th overall among "national universities" in the United States in ''U.S. News & World Report''s ''Best Colleges'' report. The school ranked 19th in ''U.S. News & World Report''s 2022 Best University Rankings report. ''U.S. News'' ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as tied for 12th best in the U.S. in 2020. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 17th nationally. The university is a member of the Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge Associated Universities Consortium.Research
Science
Joseph Carrier, director of the Science Museum and the library, was a professor of chemistry and physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Catholic Church. One of Carrier's students, John Augustine Zahm, was made professor and co-director of the science department at 23; by 1900, he was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. He was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book ''Evolution and Dogma'' (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great church teachers, Thomas Aquinas and Augustine of Hippo, Augustine, taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. In 1882, Albert Francis Zahm, Albert Zahm, John's brother, built an early wind tunnel to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that were used to createHumanities
Current research
As of 2019, research continued in many fields. President Jenkins described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre-eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address. The university has many multi-disciplinary research institutes, including the Medieval Institute, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace and conflict studies, Peace Studies, and the Center for Social Concerns. Recent research includes work on family conflict and child development, genome project, genome mapping, the increasing Balance of trade, trade deficit of the United States with China, studies in fluid mechanics, computational science and engineering, supramolecular chemistry, and marketing trends on the Internet. , the university was home to the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index, which ranks countries annually based on how vulnerable they are to climate change and how prepared they are to adapt. In the fiscal 2019, the university received the all-time high research funding of $180.6 million, an increase of $100 million from 2009 and a 27 percent increase from the previous year, with top funded and cutting-edge projects including vector-borne diseases, urbanism, environmental design, cancer, psychology, economics, philosophy of religion, particle physics, nanotechnology, and hypersonics. Notre Dame has a strong background in the humanities, with 65 National Endowment for the Humanities fellowships, more than any other university. Focus areas include anti-poverty economic strategy, the premier Medieval Institute, Latino studies, sacred music, Italian studies, Catholic studies, psychology, aging and stress, social good, and theology. In the sciences, research focuses and specialized centers include the Harper Cancer Research Institute, the Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, the Center for Nano Science and Technology, the Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, the Eck Institute for Global Health, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, Topology and Quantum Field Theory, the Nuclear Physics Research Group, and the Environmental Change Initiative.European émigrés
Student life
As of Fall 2020, the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,681 students, with 8,731 undergraduate education, undergraduates and 3,950 Graduate school, graduate and professional (Law, M.Div., Business, MEd) students. An estimated 21–24 percent of students are children ofResidence halls
Student clubs
Student union
The Notre Dame Club Coordination Council (or simply the Club Coordination Council (CCC)) is the branch of the Student Union of the university responsible for communicating issues facing undergraduate club issues, providing funding for undergraduate clubs, serving as the representative body of undergraduate student clubs, and working with student clubs to ensure that clubs can coordinate their programming of activities. The CCC oversees around 400 student clubs, each of which serves a unique purpose. The approval of the council, along with that of the Notre Dame Student Activities Office, is a requirement for official recognition of student clubs.Student events
Website BestColleges.com ranks the university'sReligious life
Student-run media
Notre Dame students run nine media outlets: three newspapers, a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. The ''Scholastic (Notre Dame publication), Scholastic'' magazine, begun as a one-page journal in 1876, is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, ''The Juggler'', is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The ''Dome'' yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with ''The Observer (Notre Dame), The Observer'' published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike ''Scholastic'' and ''The Dome'', ''The Observer'' is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the university. In 2003, when other students believed that the paper had a liberal bias, they started The Irish Rover (newspaper), ''The'' ''Irish Rover'', a print and digital newspaper published twice per month that features regular columns from alumni and faculty and coverage of campus matters. As of 2005, ''The Observer'' and the ''Irish Rover'' were distributed to all students. In Spring 2008, ''Beyond Politics'', an undergraduate journal for political science research, made its debut. The television station NDtv grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and the larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM;it now airs independently and is streamed on the Internet.Athletics
Football
Football game-day traditions
During home games, activities occur all over campus and dorms decorate their halls with a traditional item (e.g., Zahm Hall (University of Notre Dame), Zahm Hall's two-story banner). Traditional activities begin at midnight with the Drummers' Circle, involving the Band of the Fighting Irish's drumline beginning the other festivities that will continue the rest of the game day Saturday. Later that day, the trumpet section will play the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater under the dome. The entire band will play a concert at the steps of Bond Hall, then march into the stadium, leading fans and students alike across campus to the game.Men's basketball
Other sports
Notre Dame has won an additional 14 national championships in sports other than football. Three teams have won multiple national championships; the fencing team leads with 10, followed by the men's tennis and women's soccer teams each with two. The men's cross country running, cross country, and golf teams have won one and Notre Dame women's basketball has won two. In the first 10 years that Notre Dame competed in the Big East Conference its teams won a total of 64 championships. , the women's swimming and diving team holds the Big East record for consecutive conference championships in any sport with 14 straight conference titles (1997–2010).Band and "Victory March"
The Band of the Fighting Irish was formed in 1846 and is the oldest university band in continuous existence. The marching band plays at home games for most sports. It regularly plays the school's fight song, the Notre Dame "Victory March", identified as the most played and most famous fight song by Northern Illinois University, Northern Illinois professor William Studwell. According to ''College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology'' published in 1998, the "Victory March" is the greatest fight song. It was honored by the National Music Council as a "Landmark of American Music" during the United States Bicentennial. The song is featured in the movies ''Knute Rockne, All American,'' ''Airplane!, and'' ''Rudy (film), Rudy''. Two brothers wrote the "Victory March". Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is:Cheer, cheer for old Notre Dame,
Wake up the echoes cheering her name,
Send a volley cheer on high,
Shake down the thunder from the sky.
What though the odds be great or small
Old Notre Dame will win over all,
While her loyal sons are marching
Onward to victory.
Alumni
The school has over 130,000 alumni and 275 alumni clubs around the world. Many give the university yearly monetary support. Notre Dame is ranked among schools with the highest alumni donation rates. A school-record of 53.2 percent of alumni donating was set in 2006. Many buildings, including residence halls, on campus are named for major donors. Classroom buildings, and the performing arts center are also named for donors. Alumni working in politics include Governor (United States), state governors, members of the United States Congress, and former United States Secretary of State, United States secretary of state Condoleezza Rice. Notable alumni from the College of Science are Eric F. Wieschaus, winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in medicine, and Philip Majerus, discoverer of the cardioprotective effects of aspirin. Many university officials are alumni, including the current president, John Jenkins. Alumni in media include talk show hosts Regis Philbin and Phil Donahue, and television and radio personalities such as Mike Golic and Hannah Storm. A number of sports alumni have continued their careers in professional sports, such as Joe Theismann, Joe Montana, Tim Brown (American football), Tim Brown, Ross Browner, Rocket Ismail, Ruth Riley, Jeff Samardzija, Jerome Bettis, Justin Tuck, Craig Counsell, Skylar Diggins-Smith, Brett Lebda, Olympic fencing gold medalist Mariel Zagunis and bronze medalist Nick Itkin, professional boxer Mike Lee (boxer), Mike Lee, former football coaches such as Charlie Weis, Frank Leahy andPopular culture
The University of Notre Dame is the setting of several works of fiction, as well as the alma mater of some fictional characters. In mid-20th century America it became "perhaps the most popular symbol of Catholicism", as noted by ''The Routledge Companion to Religion and Popular Culture'':Film
*''Knute Rockne, All American'' is a 1940 biographical film which tells the story of Knute Rockne, Notre Dame football coach. *The "Win one for the Gipper" speech was parodied in the 1980 movie ''Airplane!'' when, with the Victory March rising to a crescendo in the background, Dr. Rumak, played by Leslie Nielsen, urged reluctant pilot Ted Striker, played by Robert Hays, to "win just one for the Zipper", Striker's war buddy, George Zipp. The Victory March also plays during the film's credits. *Rudy (film), ''Rudy'' is a 1993 account of the life of Rudy Ruettiger, Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.Television
*President Josiah Bartlet from the show ''The West Wing'' is a Notre Dame graduate, and the First Lady Abigail Bartlet attended Saint Mary's College. Danny Concannon, a member of the White House press corps, is also a graduate of Notre Dame. Actor Martin Sheen specifically asked that his character be a Notre Dame alumnus, due to the Catholicism shared by both the actor and the character.Other media
*The song This Too Shall Pass (OK Go song), This Too Shall Pass by OK Go and its video were created in collaboration with the Band of the Fighting Irish, Notre Dame Marching Band and the video shot on the university campus.See also
*Notre Dame Shakespeare Festival, held on campus every summerNotes
References
Further reading
*Burns, Robert E. ''Being Catholic, Being American: The Notre Dame Story, 1934–1952, Vol. 2.'' (2000). 632ppExternal links
*Recent history
In the 18 yearsCampus
Administration and academic buildings
The Main Building serves as the center for the university's administrative offices, including the Office of the President. Its golden dome, topped by the statue of Mary, is the campus' most recognizable landmark. When the second iteration of the main building burned down in 1879, the third and current structure was built in record time. The main building is located on Main Quad (also known as "God Quad"), which is the oldest, most historic, and most central part of campus. Behind the main building stand several facilities with administrative purposes and student services, including Carole Sadner Hall, Brownson Hall, and St. Liam's Hall, the campus health center. There are several religious buildings The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is on the site of Sorin's original church, which had become too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style, with stained glass windows imported from France. Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Sorin to be an artist in residence, painted the interior. The basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church, there are sculptures by Ivan Meštrović. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, built in 1896, serves as a replica of the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes, original inResidential and student buildings
There are University of Notre Dame residence halls, 31 undergraduate residence halls. Most of the graduate students on campus live in one of four graduate housing complexes on campus. A new residence for men, Dunne Hall (University of Notre Dame), Dunne Hall, began accepting residents in the fall of 2016. Flaherty Hall (University of Notre Dame), Flaherty Hall, for women, was also completed and opened that semester. The South Dining Hall and North Dining Hall serve the student body.Athletics facilities
Because of its long athletic tradition, the university features many athletic buildings, which are concentrated in the southern and eastern sections of campus. The most prominent is Notre Dame Stadium, home of the Fighting Irish football team; it has been renovated several times and today can seat over 80,000 people. Prominent venues include the Edmund P. Joyce Center, with indoor basketball and volleyball courts, and the Compton Family Ice Arena, a two-rink facility dedicated to hockey. There are many outdoor fields, such as the Frank Eck Stadium for baseball. Legends of Notre Dame (commonly called Legends) is a music venue, public house, and restaurant on campus, just south of the stadium. The former Alumni Senior Club opened in September 2003 after a $3.5 million renovation and became an all-ages student hang-out. Legends is made up of two parts: The Restaurant and Alehouse and the nightclub.Environmental sustainability
The Office of Sustainability was created in the fall of 2007 at the recommendation of a Sustainability Strategy Working Group and appointed the first director in April 2008. The pursuit ofGlobal Gateways
Community development
The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development adjacent to campus funded by the university, broke ground in June 2008. The project drew union protests when workers hired by the City of South Bend to construct the public parking garage picketed the private work site after a contractor hired non-union workers. The $90 million second phase broke ground in 2017.Organization and administration
Endowment
Notre Dame's financial endowment, endowment was started in the early 1920s by university president James Burns; it was $7 million by 1952 when Hesburgh became president. In fiscal year ending in 2021, the university endowment market value was $18.07 billion, though more recently it reported its value at approximately $13.3 billion.Academics
Colleges and schools
*The Notre Dame College of Arts and Letters, College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842. The first degrees were granted seven years later. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Society of Jesus, Jesuit ''Ratio Studiorum'' from Saint Louis University. Today, the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in nearly 70 majors and minors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are more than 3,000 undergraduates and 1,100 graduates enrolled in the college, taught by 500 faculty members.Special programs
Every Notre Dame undergraduate is part of one of the school's five undergraduate colleges or is in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide first year, freshmen through their first year at the school before they have declared a Major (academic), major. Each student is assigned an academic advisor who helps them choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program includes a Learning Resource Center, which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. It has been recognized as outstanding by ''U.S. News & World Report''. First Year of Studies is designed to encourage intellectual and academic achievement and innovation among first-year students. It includes programs such as FY advising, the Dean's A-list, the Renaissance circle, NDignite, the First Year Urban challenge, and more. Every admissions cycle, the Office of Undergraduate Admissions selects a small number of students for the Glynn Family Honors Program, which grants top students within the College of Arts and Letters and the College of Science access to smaller class sizes taught by distinguished faculty, endowed funding for independent research, and dedicated advising faculty and staff.Graduate education
Each college offers graduate education in the form of master's and doctoral programs. Most of the departments in the College of Arts and Letters offer PhDs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhDs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhDs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs, including MBA and Master of Accountancy, Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. The Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program, where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States, South for two school years. The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LLM) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with aCenters and institutes
The university hosts several centers and institutes. These include the Center for Social Concerns, the Eck Institute for Global Health, the Institute for Educational Initiatives, the Keough-Naughton Institute for Irish Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, the McGrath Institute for Church Life, the Medieval Institute, the Nanovic Institute for European Studies, and the Tantur Ecumenical Institute. There are also several college-based institutes such as the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center (UNDERC), the Harper Cancer Research Institute, the Initiative for Global Development, the Institute for Flow Physics and Control, the Institute for Latino Studies, the Liu Institute for Asia and Asian Studies, and the Wireless Institute. In 2019, Notre Dame announced plans to rename the Center for Ethics and Culture, an organization focused on spreading Catholic moral and intellectual traditions. The new A $10 million gift from Anthony and Christie funded the Center for Ethics and Culture. The university is also home to the McGrath Institute for Church Life, which "partners with Catholic dioceses, parishes and schools to address pastoral challenges with theological depth and rigor". The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, founded in 1986 through donations Joan B. Kroc, the surviving spouse ofLibraries
Admissions
Admission to Notre Dame is highly competitive; the fall 2022 incoming class admitted 3,412 from a pool of 26,506 applicants for 12.9 percent acceptance rate. The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. Of the most recent class, the class of 2020, 48 percent were in the top one percent of their high school, and 94 percent were in the top 10 percent. The medianTuition
Tuition for full-time students at the University of Notre Dame in 2021 is $57,192 a year—a 3.9 percent increase over 2020. This is slightly higher than the national average for tuition increases, which is historically three percent per year. Room and board is estimated to be an additional $15,984 a year for students who live in campus housing. Notre Dame is a private university, so it offers the same tuition for in-state and out-of-state students.Rankings
Notre Dame has been recognized as one of the top universities in the United States. In 2020, Notre Dame ranked 11th for "best undergraduate teaching", 24th for "best value" school and tied for 15th overall among "national universities" in the United States in ''U.S. News & World Report''s ''Best Colleges'' report. The school ranked 19th in ''U.S. News & World Report''s 2022 Best University Rankings report. ''U.S. News'' ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as tied for 12th best in the U.S. in 2020. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 17th nationally. The university is a member of the Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge Associated Universities Consortium.Research
Science
Joseph Carrier, director of the Science Museum and the library, was a professor of chemistry and physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Catholic Church. One of Carrier's students, John Augustine Zahm, was made professor and co-director of the science department at 23; by 1900, he was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. He was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book ''Evolution and Dogma'' (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great church teachers, Thomas Aquinas and Augustine of Hippo, Augustine, taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. In 1882, Albert Francis Zahm, Albert Zahm, John's brother, built an early wind tunnel to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that were used to createHumanities
Current research
As of 2019, research continued in many fields. President Jenkins described his hope that Notre Dame would become "one of the pre-eminent research institutions in the world" in his inaugural address. The university has many multi-disciplinary research institutes, including the Medieval Institute, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Kroc Institute for International Peace and conflict studies, Peace Studies, and the Center for Social Concerns. Recent research includes work on family conflict and child development, genome project, genome mapping, the increasing Balance of trade, trade deficit of the United States with China, studies in fluid mechanics, computational science and engineering, supramolecular chemistry, and marketing trends on the Internet. , the university was home to the Notre Dame Global Adaptation Index, which ranks countries annually based on how vulnerable they are to climate change and how prepared they are to adapt. In the fiscal 2019, the university received the all-time high research funding of $180.6 million, an increase of $100 million from 2009 and a 27 percent increase from the previous year, with top funded and cutting-edge projects including vector-borne diseases, urbanism, environmental design, cancer, psychology, economics, philosophy of religion, particle physics, nanotechnology, and hypersonics. Notre Dame has a strong background in the humanities, with 65 National Endowment for the Humanities fellowships, more than any other university. Focus areas include anti-poverty economic strategy, the premier Medieval Institute, Latino studies, sacred music, Italian studies, Catholic studies, psychology, aging and stress, social good, and theology. In the sciences, research focuses and specialized centers include the Harper Cancer Research Institute, the Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, the Center for Nano Science and Technology, the Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, the Eck Institute for Global Health, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, Topology and Quantum Field Theory, the Nuclear Physics Research Group, and the Environmental Change Initiative.European émigrés
Student life
As of Fall 2020, the Notre Dame student body consisted of 12,681 students, with 8,731 undergraduate education, undergraduates and 3,950 Graduate school, graduate and professional (Law, M.Div., Business, MEd) students. An estimated 21–24 percent of students are children ofResidence halls
Student clubs
Student union
The Notre Dame Club Coordination Council (or simply the Club Coordination Council (CCC)) is the branch of the Student Union of the university responsible for communicating issues facing undergraduate club issues, providing funding for undergraduate clubs, serving as the representative body of undergraduate student clubs, and working with student clubs to ensure that clubs can coordinate their programming of activities. The CCC oversees around 400 student clubs, each of which serves a unique purpose. The approval of the council, along with that of the Notre Dame Student Activities Office, is a requirement for official recognition of student clubs.Student events
Website BestColleges.com ranks the university'sReligious life
Student-run media
Notre Dame students run nine media outlets: three newspapers, a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. The ''Scholastic (Notre Dame publication), Scholastic'' magazine, begun as a one-page journal in 1876, is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, ''The Juggler'', is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The ''Dome'' yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with ''The Observer (Notre Dame), The Observer'' published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike ''Scholastic'' and ''The Dome'', ''The Observer'' is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the university. In 2003, when other students believed that the paper had a liberal bias, they started The Irish Rover (newspaper), ''The'' ''Irish Rover'', a print and digital newspaper published twice per month that features regular columns from alumni and faculty and coverage of campus matters. As of 2005, ''The Observer'' and the ''Irish Rover'' were distributed to all students. In Spring 2008, ''Beyond Politics'', an undergraduate journal for political science research, made its debut. The television station NDtv grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and the larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM;it now airs independently and is streamed on the Internet.Athletics
Football
Football game-day traditions
During home games, activities occur all over campus and dorms decorate their halls with a traditional item (e.g., Zahm Hall (University of Notre Dame), Zahm Hall's two-story banner). Traditional activities begin at midnight with the Drummers' Circle, involving the Band of the Fighting Irish's drumline beginning the other festivities that will continue the rest of the game day Saturday. Later that day, the trumpet section will play the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater under the dome. The entire band will play a concert at the steps of Bond Hall, then march into the stadium, leading fans and students alike across campus to the game.Men's basketball
Other sports
Notre Dame has won an additional 14 national championships in sports other than football. Three teams have won multiple national championships; the fencing team leads with 10, followed by the men's tennis and women's soccer teams each with two. The men's cross country running, cross country, and golf teams have won one and Notre Dame women's basketball has won two. In the first 10 years that Notre Dame competed in the Big East Conference its teams won a total of 64 championships. , the women's swimming and diving team holds the Big East record for consecutive conference championships in any sport with 14 straight conference titles (1997–2010).Band and "Victory March"
The Band of the Fighting Irish was formed in 1846 and is the oldest university band in continuous existence. The marching band plays at home games for most sports. It regularly plays the school's fight song, the Notre Dame "Victory March", identified as the most played and most famous fight song by Northern Illinois University, Northern Illinois professor William Studwell. According to ''College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology'' published in 1998, the "Victory March" is the greatest fight song. It was honored by the National Music Council as a "Landmark of American Music" during the United States Bicentennial. The song is featured in the movies ''Knute Rockne, All American,'' ''Airplane!, and'' ''Rudy (film), Rudy''. Two brothers wrote the "Victory March". Michael J. Shea, a 1904 graduate, wrote the music, and his brother, John F. Shea, who earned degrees in 1906 and 1908, wrote the original lyrics. The lyrics were revised in the 1920s; it first appeared under the copyright of the University of Notre Dame in 1928. The chorus is:Cheer, cheer for old Notre Dame,
Wake up the echoes cheering her name,
Send a volley cheer on high,
Shake down the thunder from the sky.
What though the odds be great or small
Old Notre Dame will win over all,
While her loyal sons are marching
Onward to victory.
Alumni
The school has over 130,000 alumni and 275 alumni clubs around the world. Many give the university yearly monetary support. Notre Dame is ranked among schools with the highest alumni donation rates. A school-record of 53.2 percent of alumni donating was set in 2006. Many buildings, including residence halls, on campus are named for major donors. Classroom buildings, and the performing arts center are also named for donors. Alumni working in politics include Governor (United States), state governors, members of the United States Congress, and former United States Secretary of State, United States secretary of state Condoleezza Rice. Notable alumni from the College of Science are Eric F. Wieschaus, winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in medicine, and Philip Majerus, discoverer of the cardioprotective effects of aspirin. Many university officials are alumni, including the current president, John Jenkins. Alumni in media include talk show hosts Regis Philbin and Phil Donahue, and television and radio personalities such as Mike Golic and Hannah Storm. A number of sports alumni have continued their careers in professional sports, such as Joe Theismann, Joe Montana, Tim Brown (American football), Tim Brown, Ross Browner, Rocket Ismail, Ruth Riley, Jeff Samardzija, Jerome Bettis, Justin Tuck, Craig Counsell, Skylar Diggins-Smith, Brett Lebda, Olympic fencing gold medalist Mariel Zagunis and bronze medalist Nick Itkin, professional boxer Mike Lee (boxer), Mike Lee, former football coaches such as Charlie Weis, Frank Leahy andPopular culture
The University of Notre Dame is the setting of several works of fiction, as well as the alma mater of some fictional characters. In mid-20th century America it became "perhaps the most popular symbol of Catholicism", as noted by ''The Routledge Companion to Religion and Popular Culture'':Film
*''Knute Rockne, All American'' is a 1940 biographical film which tells the story of Knute Rockne, Notre Dame football coach. *The "Win one for the Gipper" speech was parodied in the 1980 movie ''Airplane!'' when, with the Victory March rising to a crescendo in the background, Dr. Rumak, played by Leslie Nielsen, urged reluctant pilot Ted Striker, played by Robert Hays, to "win just one for the Zipper", Striker's war buddy, George Zipp. The Victory March also plays during the film's credits. *Rudy (film), ''Rudy'' is a 1993 account of the life of Rudy Ruettiger, Daniel "Rudy" Ruettiger, who harbored dreams of playing football at Notre Dame despite significant obstacles.Television
*President Josiah Bartlet from the show ''The West Wing'' is a Notre Dame graduate, and the First Lady Abigail Bartlet attended Saint Mary's College. Danny Concannon, a member of the White House press corps, is also a graduate of Notre Dame. Actor Martin Sheen specifically asked that his character be a Notre Dame alumnus, due to the Catholicism shared by both the actor and the character.Other media
*The song This Too Shall Pass (OK Go song), This Too Shall Pass by OK Go and its video were created in collaboration with the Band of the Fighting Irish, Notre Dame Marching Band and the video shot on the university campus.See also
*Notre Dame Shakespeare Festival, held on campus every summerNotes
References
Further reading
*Burns, Robert E. ''Being Catholic, Being American: The Notre Dame Story, 1934–1952, Vol. 2.'' (2000). 632ppExternal links
*