Nicolas d'Angennes, sieur de Rambouillet ( –) was a French noble, governor, diplomat and soldier during the

French Wars of Religion The French Wars of Religion is the term which is used in reference to a period of civil war between French Catholics and Protestants, commonly called Huguenots, which lasted from 1562 to 1598. According to estimates, between two and four mil ...

. The son of Jacques d'Angennes and Isabelle Cottereau, Rambouillet rose fast during the civil wars. In 1568, he was made a chevalier de l'Ordre de Saint-Michel and governor of

Maine Maine () is a U.S. state, state in the New England and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and territories of Canad ...

. In this period he served as a diplomat for the French crown, being given a mission to travel to England. With

Anjou Anjou may refer to: Geography and titles France *County of Anjou, a historical county in France and predecessor of the Duchy of Anjou **Count of Anjou, title of nobility *Duchy of Anjou, a historical duchy and later a province of France **Duke ...

, the brother of the king's, election as king of the

Commonwealth A commonwealth is a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good. Historically, it has been synonymous with " republic". The noun "commonwealth", meaning "public welfare, general good or advantage", dates from th ...

in 1573, he was dispatched as Anjou's ''vice-roi'' to the Commonwealth court in Kraków to thank the senate for his election, and prepare the way for his lord. Upon Anjou's arrival, he would be selected (alongside

Retz Retz is a town with a population of 4,168 in the Hollabrunn District in Lower Austria, Austria. Geography Retz is located in the north western Weinviertel in Lower Austria. The municipality's area covers 45,01 km². 11.83 percent of this ...

) as the main conduits between the French court in the country and the local aristocracy. Tiring of the court, he departed back to France, only to again find himself on a mission to the Commonwealth, to inform Anjou that he was now king of France. The new king, now styling himself Henri, made Rambouillet captain of his guard. Rambouillet was however frustrated he had not received more honours, and spent much time in the next year away from court. He commanded an ordinance company during the fifth war of religion. By 1577, the king was showing greater favour to him, and he became first ''gentilhomme de la chambre'' and then ''Chambellan'' and commander of 100 gentleman in 1580. That year he was enrolled as a ''chevalier de l'Ordre du Saint-Esprit''. In 1582, he was further buoyed with an appointment as governor of Metz, a key border city with the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...

, he was compelled to resign the post next year to the king's favourite

Épernon Épernon () is a French commune in the Eure-et-Loir department, Centre-Val de Loire. It lies some northeast of Chartres, at the confluence of the Drouette and the Guesle. History Épernon was originally the home of the counts of Montfort an ...

, but received generous compensation. After the embarrassment of the

Day of the Barricades In the French Wars of Religion, the Day of the Barricades (in french: Journée des barricades), 12 May 1588, was an outwardly spontaneous public uprising in staunchly Catholic Paris against the moderate, hesitant, temporizing policies of Henry I ...

, Henri was forced to flee Paris, and found a safe residence with Rambouillet before moving on to Chartres. In revenge for that humiliation and many others, Henri held council with Rambouillet, his brother

Maintenon Maintenon () is a commune in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located southwest of the center of Paris. Maintenon, together with the neighbouring commune of Pierres, form an urban area of 7,075 inhabitants (2017).the future Marshal Ornano at which it was agreed to assassinate the duke of Guise. In the civil war that followed the assassination Rambouillet stayed with the king at

Tours Tours ( , ) is one of the largest cities in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the prefecture of the department of Indre-et-Loire. The commune of Tours had 136,463 inhabitants as of 2018 while the population of the whole metr ...

where he was present at the opening of the ''Parlement'' of royalist exiles. On 1 August 1589, Henri was assassinated, and his Protestant cousin

Navarre Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...

succeeded him. Rambouillet remained loyal to the royalist cause after Navarre promised to protect Catholicism, and fought in Maine for the new king, achieving some success. In 1593 he participated in the negotiations at Surasno which created a truce in the war between the royalists and the Catholic ''Ligue''. He died in 1611.

Early life and family

Nicolas d'Angennes, seigneur de Rambouillet, de Vielle-Église, du Perray, des Essarts et des Bréviaires; was a son of Jacques d'Angennes and Isabelle Cottereau. His parents had nine sons together, with Nicolas inheriting his father's primary title. Jacques was the captain of François I's guards. He later served as governor of Metz, the crucial border city that had been taken by France in 1552, before dying in 1562. Nicolas married Julienne d'Arquenay, who brought with her the vidame du Mans. They had a son Charles, who in 1600 married Catherine de Vivonne. During his lifetime, his brother Louis d'Angennes, seigneur de Maintenon would secure the lieutenant-generalcy of

, and it would become a family possession, held for the next several generations. Rambouillet was denounced by his enemies in the Catholic ''ligue'' as ''Rambouillet le Huguenot'' for his perceived tolerance towards the Protestant faith.

Reign of Charles IX

Diplomat

In January 1566, during the long peace between the first and second civil war, Charles IX sent him to England and Scotland with the insignia of the

Order of Saint Michael , status = Abolished by decree of Louis XVI on 20 June 1790Reestablished by Louis XVIII on 16 November 1816Abolished in 1830 after the July RevolutionRecognised as a dynastic order of chivalry by the ICOC , founder = Louis XI of France , hi ...

. In England,

Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is sometimes referred to as the "Virgin Queen". Eli ...

nominated the

Duke of Norfolk Duke of Norfolk is a title in the peerage of England. The seat of the Duke of Norfolk is Arundel Castle in Sussex, although the title refers to the county of Norfolk. The current duke is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk. The du ...

and the

Earl of Leicester Earl of Leicester is a title that has been created seven times. The first title was granted during the 12th century in the Peerage of England. The current title is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom and was created in 1837. Early creation ...

to join the French Order in a ceremony at

Whitehall Palace The Palace of Whitehall (also spelt White Hall) at Westminster was the main residence of the English monarchs from 1530 until 1698, when most of its structures, except notably Inigo Jones's Banqueting House of 1622, were destroyed by fire. ...

. Rambouillet went to

Windsor Castle Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire. It is strongly associated with the English and succeeding British royal family, and embodies almost a millennium of architectural history. The original c ...

for another ceremony to invest Charles IX in the

Order of the Garter The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III of England in 1348. It is the most senior order of knighthood in the British honours system, outranked in precedence only by the Victoria Cross and the Georg ...

. A detailed contemporary account of the ceremony names the envoy as "Jacques d'Angennes", accompanied by the herald Saint Michael, a Monsieur d'Oze, who was given the robes worn by the new knights as a prerequisite. In Scotland, Rambouillet's mission was to present

Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley (1546 – 10 February 1567), was an English nobleman who was the second husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, and the father of James VI and I, James VI of Scotland and I of England. Through his parents, he had claims to b ...

with the Order. Rambouillet stayed near

Holyroodhouse The Palace of Holyroodhouse ( or ), commonly referred to as Holyrood Palace or Holyroodhouse, is the official residence of the British monarch in Scotland. Located at the bottom of the Royal Mile in Edinburgh, at the opposite end to Edinburgh ...

at the house of Henry Kinloch in

Edinburgh Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian ...

Canongate The Canongate is a street and associated district in central Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland. The street forms the main eastern length of the Royal Mile while the district is the main eastern section of Edinburgh's Old Town. It began ...

. There were entertainments in Edinburgh at the reception of Rambouillet and the investment of Lord Darnley in the Order, including banquets and masques. Mary, Darnley, and

David Rizzio David Rizzio ( ; it, Davide Rizzio ; – 9 March 1566) or Riccio ( , ) was an Italian courtier, born in Pancalieri close to Turin, a descendant of an ancient and noble family still living in Piedmont, the Riccio Counts di San Paolo e Solbrit ...

took part in a costly masque with seven other dancers in rich attire to welcome the ambassador. The tailor Jean de Compiègne made six costumes decorated with flames made of cloth of gold reused from old cushion covers. During the masque the queen's ladies, dressed in male costume, presented 8 Scottish dirks or daggers to the French guests, with black velvet scabbards embroidered with gold. A Scottish chronicle described the scene:

And the sammin nycht at evin, our soveranis maid ane banket to the ambassatour foirsaid ambouillet in the auld chappell of Halyrudhous, quhilk wes reapparrellit with fyne tapestrie, and hung magnificentlie, be the saidis lordis maid the maskery efter supper in ane honourable maner. And upoun the ellevint day of the said moneth, the king and quene in lyikmanner bankettit the ambassatour; and at evin our soveranis maid the maskrie and mumschance, in the quhilk the quenis grace, and all hir Maries and ladies wer all cled in men's apperrell; and everie ane of thame presentit ane quhingar agger bravelie and maist artificiallie made and embroiderit with gold, to the ambassatour and his gentilmen, everie one of thame according to his estate.

Following Rambouillet's stay in Edinburgh, a number of local women were slandered as prostitutes and said to have visited the ambassador's lodging dressed in men's clothes. Rambouillet returned to France via London, where he was joined by a Scottish envoy, Robert Melville. They requested the release of

Margaret Douglas Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox (8 October 1515 – 7 March 1578), was the daughter of the Scottish queen dowager Margaret Tudor and her second husband Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus. In her youth she was high in the favour of her unc ...

, then a prisoner in the

Tower of London The Tower of London, officially His Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, which is sepa ...

. Rambouillet continued to show an interest in Mary's political affairs. She wrote to him from Chatsworth when he was again ambassador to London in 1578 as a negotiator for the Alençon marriage, and he asked Queen Elizabeth for a new physician to join her household, Mary mentioned his support in a letter of April 1583.George Lasry, Norbert Biermann, Satoshi Tomokiyo, 'Deciphering Mary Stuart’s lost letters from 1578-1584', ''Cryptologia'', 47:2 (February 2023), p. 165.

Knight of the Order

During the royal charm offensive of 1568, aimed at propping up the crown's support among the French nobility, a significant number of promotions were made to the dignity of ''chevalier de l'Ordre de Saint-Michel'', among them was Rambouillet. In April 1568, Rambouillet received the further dignity of being made governor of Maine.

Commonwealth

As the

siege of La Rochelle The siege of La Rochelle (, or sometimes ) was a result of a war between the French royal forces of Louis XIII of France and the Huguenots of La Rochelle in 1627–28. The siege marked the height of the struggle between the Catholics and the Pr ...

dragged on, Anjou sought a way out of the impasse. A coup for his fortunes came when word arrived that he had been elected king of the

. He prepared to depart from the siege when word arrived, to depart for his new kingdom. On 18 September, he announced to Karnowski the ''prymas Polski'' that he was dispatching Rambouillet as his ''vice-roi'' to the country. Rambouillet was sent with a letter, in which Anjou thanked the nobles and senate for electing him, and promised to govern in consultation with them, and defend their country from threats. Rambouillet established himself at

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 159 ...

as ambassador. On route to the country in January 1574, while travelling to his new kingdom, Anjou wrote to his ambassador to reassure him concerning his palace in the city. Anjou was keen to know whether he would be able to come and go from the palace without being seen as his mother liked to do. He instructed Rambouillet to deliver the necessary changes to the design of the palace to facilitate this arrangement, without alerting the ''procurer'' as to the reason for the modifications. During Anjou's time as king of the Commonwealth, Rambouillet would be among the oldest in his entourage, being older than 40, the vast majority of Henri's associates were young men that had entered royal service around the turn of the decade. Rambouillet received,

one of the chief members of Anjou's entourage in Kraków prior to the king's arrival and the two men were tasked with overseeing the burial of the prior king of the Commonwealth

Zygmunt II August Sigismund II Augustus ( pl, Zygmunt II August, lt, Žygimantas Augustas; 1 August 1520 – 7 July 1572) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, the son of Sigismund I the Old, whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548. He was the first ruler ...

. On 17 February Anjou made his formal entry into the city. Retz and Rambouillet led negotiations with the local nobility to hammer out the specifics of the coronation ceremony, both energetically defending his prerogatives in the discussions. On 21 February the coronation took place, shortly thereafter Rambouillet was among the notables Anjou brought with him for the first meeting with the assembled ambassador corps. Throughout his brief reign in the Commonwealth, Rambouillet and Retz would hold the role of the king's prime interlocuter with the local nobility and ambassadors. However they would stay for an even shorter time in the country than their master, departing on 20 April to take the waters of

Lucca Lucca ( , ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain near the Ligurian Sea. The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as ...

, along with

Mayenne Mayenne () is a landlocked department in northwest France named after the river Mayenne. Mayenne is part of the administrative region of Pays de la Loire and is surrounded by the departments of Manche, Orne, Sarthe, Maine-et-Loire, and Ille-e ...

and Nevers. Of the 36 gentleman who had accompanied Anjou, only 17 remained with him by the end of April, leaving the king increasingly isolated. On 4 June, Charles IX having died, Rambouillet was dispatched back to the Commonwealth to inform Anjou of the news, alongside

Antoine d'Estrées Antoine d'Estrées (1529 – 11 May 1609) was Marquis of Coeuvres, vicomte of Soissons and of Bercy, Knight of the Order of Saint-Esprit in 1578 and Knight of the Order of Saint-Michel also in 1578. He was made gentleman of the chamber for Franc ...

and Henri d'Albret-Miossens. Anjou quickly decided to abandon his new kingdom, and return to take the crown of France as Henri III.

Reign of Henri III

Captain of the guard

At the start of the reign of the new king, Rambouillet was included among the small group that comprised the ''conseil privé'', the most interior council. Henri quickly set about reshaping the government to his liking. The captain of the king's guard, Eustache de Conflans, vicomte d'Auchy, was to be replaced by his fidèle Rambouillet. Auchy was a client of the Guise, and fortunately for Henri, died on 18 July of that year anyway. Catherine had initially sought to provide this post to one of her favourites, Lansac, however Henri placed Rambouillet in the role while he was in

Turin Turin ( , Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. Th ...

on the way back to France. Arriving in the kingdom Henri and his entourage entered

Lyon Lyon,, ; Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the third-largest city and second-largest metropolitan area of France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of ...

. Henri considered Rambouillet his eyes and ears in the city, urging him to daily send him dispatches and reports so that he could remain up to date with affairs, and to conceal secret information in separate letters hidden in the mailed packets. Despite this, Rambouillet, and the captain of the French guard Gaspard de La Châtre, seigneur de Nançay felt their services had been ill rewarded, and they retired to their seigneuries in late 1574, and would spend much of 1575 there also. Rambouillet had not been a member of Henri's entourage during the siege of La Rochelle, and felt this had been counted against him. In spring 1575,

Bussy Bussy may refer to: People *Bussy (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * Bussy Mansell (1623–1699), Welsh politician *Bussy Mansel, 4th Baron Mansel (died 1750), Welsh peer *Charles Joseph Patissier, Marquis de Bussy-C ...

, the chief favourite of the king's brother found himself in conflict with a gentleman named Saint-Phal over the affections of a woman, the dame d'Acigne. Bussy desired to marry her, but she preferred the attentions of Saint-Phal. The two came to blows with their seconds, and Bussy departed the scene, telling Saint-Phal to meet him on the

Île de la Cité Île de la Cité (; English: City Island) is an island in the river Seine in the center of Paris. In the 4th century, it was the site of the fortress of the Roman governor. In 508, Clovis I, the first King of the Franks, established his palac ...

for a proper duel. The following day Bussy awaited his romantic rival at the designated location, a crowd began to gather around him in expectation of the violence that was to follow. At this moment Rambouillet was passing, with an archer and the two men observed the scene with disapproval. Together they extricated Bussy and he returned to his patron Alençon's ''hôtel''. Rambouillet informed the king and he ordered the duke of Nevers and

to settle the matter. Bussy resisted their arbitration, demading to fight Saint-Phal in a judicial duel, but Henri refused to counternance such a course. During the fifth civil war, Rambouillet would serve as the commander of an ordinance company.

Return to prominence

By 1577, Rambouillet had returned from his seigneurie, and had been established as a ''gentilhomme de la chambre'', affording him a privileged access to the king's person. He would hold this role until March 1580 when he ceded it to Manou. In return for yielding this office, he was granted the more prestigious office of ''captaine des Cent-gentilhommes''. In 1580 he would be granted the post of ''Chambellan'', however he only held this for one year. After the king created a new order of chivalry, to supersede the previous royal

Ordre de Saint-Michel , status = Abolished by decree of Louis XVI on 20 June 1790Reestablished by Louis XVIII on 16 November 1816Abolished in 1830 after the July RevolutionRecognised as a dynastic order of chivalry by the ICOC , founder = Louis XI of France , hi ...

, Rambouillet was among those promoted as a ''chevalier de l'Ordre du Saint Esprit'' in the third intake, that of December 1580.

Metz

On 21 February 1582, he received the coveted appointment as governor of Metz and the ''Pays Messin''. He gained this prize due to the resignation from the office of the marquis de Piennes, who was compensated for departing the office with 35,000 ''écus'' and the title of duke of Maignelay. Rambouillet would not stay in the role for long however, only managing one short visit to his governate in September 1582, before being compelled to step aside in 1583 in favour of one of the king's paramount favourites

in return for a gratuity of 100,000 ''livres''. Épernon would hold the governate until 1634. Having long been a member of the ''conseil privé'', in 1584, Rambouillet was inducted into the ''conseil d'État''. Rambouillet was among the grandees, involved in the meetings of the

Assembly of Notables An Assembly of Notables (French: ''Assemblée des notables'') was a group of high-ranking nobles, ecclesiastics, and state functionaries convened by the King of France on extraordinary occasions to consult on matters of state. Assemblymen were ...

, that met from 1583 to 1584, present alongside his brother

Maintenon Maintenon () is a commune in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located southwest of the center of Paris. Maintenon, together with the neighbouring commune of Pierres, form an urban area of 7,075 inhabitants (2017).Day of the Barricades In the French Wars of Religion, the Day of the Barricades (in french: Journée des barricades), 12 May 1588, was an outwardly spontaneous public uprising in staunchly Catholic Paris against the moderate, hesitant, temporizing policies of Henry I ...

, Henri first headed to the safety of the Château de Rambouillet on 13 May, composing himself there, before heading on to Chartres. During September, Henri dismissed most of his chief ministers and advisers, bringing forth a new group of men into his council. Rambouillet maintained his position in the king's inner circle of advisers. Henri was increasingly unable to tolerate the various indignities forced upon him by the Guise, and the ''ligue''. He reached his breaking point after the humiliations of the

Estates General of 1588 The Estates General of 1588 was a national meeting of the Three Orders of France; the clergy, nobility and common people. Called as a part of the concessions Henri III made to the Catholic ''ligue'' in the aftermath of the Day of the Barricades ...

. On 19 December, he held council with Rambouillet, his brother Maintenon, Marshal Aumont and the future Marshal Ornano. The group expounded upon the various grievances that could be laid at the foot of Guise. Of the four assembled men, three favoured killing the duke. The same group of men surrounded Henri in the preparations for the assassination on the morning of 23 December, at 07:00 that morning Henri ushered them to head off ready for the morning council that Guise was to attend. Guise arrived a little while later, and after some time in the council chamber was called off into a side room to meet the king, where he was stabbed to death. His brother, Cardinal Guise heard the commotion from the council chamber, and rose suddenly, hoping to break through to his brother. He was restrained by Rambouillet, Aumont,

and D'O to be detained shortly thereafter.

Exile

Henri, in exile from the capital at

, Rambouillet stayed with him in the city. During this period he and his brother Maintenon were among the kings closest confidents. Rambouillet was present at the ''lit de justice'' that opened the royalist ''Parlement de Tours'', composed of royalist exiles who had been expelled from the ''ligueur'' controlled Paris ''Parlement''. Given Rambouillet had partial responsibility for the security of the king, when a Dominican friar named

Jacques Clément Jacques Clément (1567 – 1 August 1589) was a French conspirator and the assassin of King Henry III. He was born at Serbonnes, in today's Yonne ''département'', in Burgundy, and became a Dominican lay brother. During the French Wars of R ...

crossed the siege lines from Paris, desiring to kill Henri, Jacques La Guesle, who Clément had first approached with his false mission, to join the king's cause, discussed the man with Rambouillet. Following supper together, Rambouillet got La Guesle into contact with Henri, who gave his assent to a meeting the following morning with the friar. At the meeting Clément stabbed Henri in the stomach, mortally wounding him.

Reign of Henri IV

Loyalist

The Protestant heir to the throne Navarre, now styling himself Henri IV, found himself in a very sensitive position on the death of Henri III. Many Catholic notables who had no qualms about serving his predecessor found the prospect of serving a Protestant king intolerable and defected to the ''ligue''. Henri quickly moved to reassure them, promising to protect the Catholic religion, and receive lessons in its teachings. This was sufficient for a segment of the Catholic nobility, among them Marshal Aumont and Biron; the lieutenant-general of Champagne Dinteville; the ''grand prévôt''

Richelieu Richelieu (, ; ) may refer to: People * Cardinal Richelieu (Armand-Jean du Plessis, 1585–1642), Louis XIII's chief minister * Alphonse-Louis du Plessis de Richelieu (1582–1653), French Carthusian bishop and Cardinal * Louis François Armand ...

; and Rambouillet. All of them signed a declaration to explain their decision to serve a Protestant king for the Catholic princes of Europe. Rambouillet fought for his new king vigorously in his province of Maine, successfully lifting the siege of the

Château de Sablé The Château de Sablé is an historic castle in Sablé-sur-Sarthe, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France. History The castle was built from 1717 to 1750 to the design of architect Claude Desgots for Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquess of Torcy.Mayenne Mayenne () is a landlocked department in northwest France named after the river Mayenne. Mayenne is part of the administrative region of Pays de la Loire and is surrounded by the departments of Manche, Orne, Sarthe, Maine-et-Loire, and Ille-e ...

, lieutenant-general of France for the ''ligue'', found himself pressured by his Spanish allies to call an Estates General in 1593 for the election of a Catholic king. Henri did not recognise the estates as valid, as they had not been called by France's king, and thus did not send deputies from the regions he controlled. He did not however want to leave the Estates to their own devises, and reached out to the estates, securing an agreement for a conference between estate deputies and his own at

Suresnes Suresnes () is a Communes of France, commune in the western suburbs of Paris, Île-de-France. Located in Hauts-de-Seine, from the centre of Paris, it had a population of 49,145 as of 2016. The nearest communes are Nanterre, Puteaux, Rueil-Malmais ...

. As delegates for this conference, Henri selected

Renaud de Beaune Renaud de Beaune (1527 at Tours – 1606 in Paris) was a French Catholic ecclesiastic. Life He held secular positions such as Councillor of Parliament and Chancellor of Francis of Valois, Duke of Touraine. The royal court greatly favoured him ...

the Archbishop of Bourges;

Gaspard de Schomberg Gaspard de Schomberg, comte de Nanteuil ( –17 March 1599) was a French soldier, courtier, diplomat, statesman and governor during the French Wars of Religion. Of Sachsen descent, Gaspard naturalised as French. He began his career during the ...

''surintendant des finances''; future Chancellor of France Bellièvre and Rambouillet among others. The talks produced a ten-day truce, which would be continuously extended, finally expiring in early 1594. Until the end of his life, Rambouillet continued to hold his position as the commander of one hundred gentleman. Rambouillet died in 1611, he was succeeded to his titles by his son Charles d'Angennes. He succeeded his father to the position of second captain of the ''gentilhomme ordinaire''.

Sources

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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Angennes, Nicolas d' 1531 births 1611 deaths French people of the French Wars of Religion Court of Charles IX of France Court of Henry III of France Court of Henry IV of France Ambassadors of France to Scotland Ambassadors of France to the Kingdom of England