Nguyễn Phan Long (; 1888 – 16 July 1960) was a Vietnamese journalist and politician who served as Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam from 20 January to 27 April in 1950. He was dismissed by the Head of State

Bảo Đại Bảo Đại (, vi-hantu, , , 22 October 191331 July 1997), born Nguyễn Phúc (Phước) Vĩnh Thụy (), was the 13th and final emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty, the last ruling dynasty of Vietnam. From 1926 to 1945, he was ''de jure'' em ...

under pressure from the French colonial authorities, who resented his

pro-American Pro-Americanism (also called pro-American sentiment and Americophilia) describes support, love, or admiration for the United States, its government and economic system, its foreign policy, the American people, and/or American culture, typical ...

and

nationalist Nationalism is an idea or movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the State (polity), state. As a movement, it presupposes the existence and tends to promote the interests of a particular nation,Anthony D. Smith, Smith, A ...

attitude.

Early life and career

He was born in Saigon in 1888. He was sent to Hanoi to be educated at the

Lycée Albert Sarraut Lycée Albert Sarraut () was a French language, French lyceum in Hanoi, Vietnam, during the Tonkin (French protectorate), French colonial period and in the early post-colonial period, active from 1919 to 1965. It was one of 69 high schools founded ...

, afterward, he returned to Saigon to work as a high school teacher and a journalist. In 1917 he worked for the ''La Tribune Indigène'' and in 1920, he founded the liberal newspaper ''L'Écho Annamite'', in which he worked with the (Eurasian) Vietnamese nationalist Eugène Dejean de la Bâtie, friend of

André Malraux Georges André Malraux ( ; ; 3 November 1901 – 23 November 1976) was a French novelist, art theorist, and minister of cultural affairs. Malraux's novel ''La Condition Humaine'' (''Man's Fate'') (1933) won the Prix Goncourt. He was appointed ...

. During his time as a journalist, Long would write about spiritualism and the Vietnamese religion

Caodaism Caodaism (; ; ; ) or Cao Đài is a Vietnamese Monotheism, monotheistic Religious syncretism, syncretic religion that retains many elements from Vietnamese folk religion such as Veneration of the dead, ancestor worship, as well as "ethical prec ...

Political career

In the 1920s–1930s, he was the deputy leader of the Parti Constitutionnaliste Indochinois, a nationalist party founded in 1923 and led by Bui Quang Chiêu. He was elected as colonial councillor. He was elected in 1936 as president of the ''Congrès Universel des Sectes Caodaïques'', an attempted unified caodai movement, which eventually failed. After 1945, he was Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Interior as well as editor of ''L'Écho du Vietnam''.

Personal life and death

He was an ardent follower of Caodaism and spoke fluent French. He was married to Trần Thị Nguyên. He died in Saigon on 16 July 1960 at the age of 71.

References

Sources

*R. B. Smith, "Bui Quang Chiêu and the Constitutionalist Party in French Cochinchina, 1917–30", ''

Modern Asian Studies ''Modern Asian Studies'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal in the field of Asian studies, published by Cambridge University Press. The journal was established in 1967 by the Syndics of the University of Cambridge and the Committee of D ...

'' (1969), 3:131-150 Cambridge University Press *Micheline R. Lessard, "Organisons-nous! Racial Antagonism and Vietnamese Economic Nationalism in the Early Twentieth Century", '' French Colonial History'' – Volume 8, 2007, pp. 171–201 *Christopher E. Goscha, "Widening the Colonial Encounter: Asian Connections Inside French Indochina During the Interwar Period", ''

'' (Published online by Cambridge University Press) 16 Oct 2008
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nguyễn, Phan Long 1889 births 1960 deaths Politicians from Ho Chi Minh City People educated at Lycee Albert Sarraut 20th-century Vietnamese writers Vietnamese politicians South Vietnamese politicians Prime ministers of South Vietnam Vietnamese anti-communists