Neuenbürg is a town in the Enz district, in

Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg ( ; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a states of Germany, German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million i ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

. It is situated on the river Enz, 10 km southwest of

Pforzheim Pforzheim () is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city of over 125,000 inhabitants in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, in the southwest of Germany. It is known for its jewelry and watch-making industry, and as such has gained the ...

History

Neuenbürg originated as a village around a castle built by the in the 12th century. Between 1315 and 1322, Neuenbürg became a possession of the Counts of Württemberg, who gave it

town rights Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the tradition ...

. With the villages of Arnbach, Dennach, and , Neuenbürg was assigned its own district. On 18 March 1806, that district was reorganized as . The Oberamt was dissolved on 1 October 1938 and its constituents were assigned to the

Calw district Calw is a ''Landkreis'' (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Karlsruhe, Enz, the district-free city Pforzheim, Böblingen, Freudenstadt and Rastatt. History The district ...

. When the Enz district was created by the on 1 January 1973, Neuenbürg and its villages were assigned to it. Arnbach, Dennach, and Waldrennach were fully incorporated into Neuenbürg on 1 January 1975.

Geography

The township ('' Stadt'') of Neuenbürg covers of the Enz district, within the

state State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...

and the

Federal Republic of Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen constituent states have a total population of over 84 ...

. It is physically located on the , on the southern reaches of the Kraichgau. The geological makeup of the municipal area is decided by the meeting of the Pfinzhügelland's

muschelkalk The Muschelkalk (German for "shell-bearing limestone"; ) is a sequence of sedimentary rock, sedimentary rock strata (a lithostratigraphy, lithostratigraphic unit) in the geology of central and western Europe. It has a Middle Triassic (240 to 230 m ...

and keuper and the

Black Forest The Black Forest ( ) is a large forested mountain range in the States of Germany, state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is th ...

buntsandstein The Buntsandstein (German for ''coloured'' or ''colourful sandstone'') or Bunter sandstone is a lithostratigraphy, lithostratigraphic and allostratigraphy, allostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata) in the Subsurface (geology), subsurface ...

plateaus. The main watercourse is the Enz, which flows in a deep bed of . Where the Enz flows into

Birkenfeld Birkenfeld () is a town and the district seat of the Birkenfeld (district), Birkenfeld Districts of Germany, district in southwest Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is also the seat of the Birkenfeld (Verbandsgemeinde), like-named ''Verbandsge ...

marks the lowest elevation above sea level in the municipal area,

Normalnull ("standard zero") or (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked (“meters above standard zero”). has been replaced by (NHN). History In 187 ...

(NN). The highest is the top of the Heuberg, south of Dennach, at NN. A portion of the Federally-protected nature reserve is found within Neuenbürg's municipal area.

Coat of arms

Neuenbürg's municipal

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...

depicts a

red Red is the color at the long wavelength end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–750 nanometres. It is a primary color in the RGB color model and a seconda ...

, hexagonal tower upon a field of

white White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...

. The oldest images to be associated with the township are from 1440, as an engraving, and in 1490, from a print. The first coat of arms associated with Neuenbürg is from 1535, and showed the tower in red but the field as being

blue Blue is one of the three primary colours in the RYB color model, RYB colour model (traditional colour theory), as well as in the RGB color model, RGB (additive) colour model. It lies between Violet (color), violet and cyan on the optical spe ...

. The change to a white field was made in 1956 by agreement of the municipal government and the . This pattern was then approved by the Federal Ministry of the Interior on 18 February 1958.

Transport

The town has three stops, ''Neuenbürg'', ''Neuenbürg Süd'' and ''Neuenbürg Freibad'', on route S6 of the

Karlsruhe Stadtbahn The Karlsruhe Stadtbahn is a German tram-train system combining Karlsruhe trams, tram lines in the city of Karlsruhe with railway lines in the surrounding countryside, serving the entire region of the middle upper Rhine valley and creating connec ...

, which operates over the '' Enztalbahn'' railway.

Notable people

Adam Karl August von Eschenmayer Adam Karl August von Eschenmayer (originally Carl; 4 July 176817 November 1852) was a German philosopher and physician. Life He was born at Neuenbürg in Duchy of Württemberg, Württemberg in 1768. After receiving his early education at the Caro ...

(1768–1852), philosopher and physician. * Robert Gaupp (1870–1953), psychiatrist and neurologist * Ralf Metzler (born 1968), physicist who focuses on

statistical mechanics In physics, statistical mechanics is a mathematical framework that applies statistical methods and probability theory to large assemblies of microscopic entities. Sometimes called statistical physics or statistical thermodynamics, its applicati ...

and anomalous diffusion * Daniel Reule (born 1983, footballer who has played over 160 games * Maximilian Reule (born 1994) football goalkeeper who has played over 190 games

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Neuenburg Enzkreis