Mandaeism Mandaeism (Mandaic language, Classical Mandaic: ),https://qadaha.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/nhura-dictionary-mandaic-english-mandaic.pdf sometimes also known as Nasoraeanism or Sabianism, is a Gnosticism, Gnostic, Monotheism, ...

, Nbaṭ () is an

uthra An uthra or ʿutra (, Neo-Mandaic ''oṯrɔ'', traditionally transliterated ''eutra''; plural: ʿuthrē, traditionally transliterated ''eutria'') is a "divine messenger of the light" in Mandaeism. Charles G. Häberl and James F. McGrath transl ...

(angel or guardian) who is described as the "King of Air" or the "first great Radiance." He is also called Nbaṭ Rba ("the Great Nbaṭ" or "Great Sprout") or Nbaṭ Ziwa "the Radiant Nbaṭ", literally "Radiance Burst Forth". In '' The Thousand and Twelve Questions '', he is also known as Kušṭa Yaqra "Solemn Truth". Nbaṭ is associated with fertility and life.

In Mandaean scriptures

In chapter 3 of the ''

Mandaean Book of John In Mandaeism, the Book of John () is a Mandaean holy book in Mandaic Aramaic which Mandaeans attribute to their prophet John the Baptist. The book contains accounts of John's life and miracles, as well as a number of polemical conversations w ...

'', Nbaṭ and the uthras Gubran, Yawar, Bihram, and

Yukabar Yukabar (also Yukhabr; is an uthra (angel or guardian) in the World of Light. He is the envoy of life who raises up the soul, and is also called Yukabar-Manda-Hiia (Yukabar Manda Hayyi). In Mandaean scriptures Yukashar is mentioned in Qulasta p ...

lead a rebellion against

Yushamin In Mandaeism, Yushamin () and also known as the 'Second Life', is the primal uthra (angel or guardian) and a subservient emanation who was created by the Mandaean God 'The Great Life' (''Hayyi Rabbi'' or 'The First Life'), hence beginning the cre ...

and his 21 sons, who are led by ʿtinṣib Ziwa ("Transplant") and his elder brother Sam. Yawar slays 12 of Yushamin's sons, while Bihram slays 9 of them. ''

Right Ginza The Right Ginza () is one of the two parts of the Ginza Rabba, the longest and the most important holy scripture of Mandaeism. The other part of the Ginza Rabba is the Left Ginza. Summaries of each book (or tractate), based mostly on Häberl ( ...

'' Book 14 is named after Nbaṭ and is called the ''Book of the Great Nbaṭ'' (or in Mandaic). The book considers Nbaṭ to be the initial "sprout" that had sprung out during the beginning of the creation of the universe, and also depicts the uthra Yawar as having emerged from Nbaṭ during the creation. Nbaṭ is also mentioned in

Qulasta The Qulasta, also spelled Qolastā in older sources (; ), is a compilation of Mandaean prayers. The Mandaic word ''qolastā'' means "collection". The prayerbook is a collection of Mandaic prayers regarding baptisms ('' maṣbuta'') and other sa ...

prayers 22, 25, 374, and 376. In ''

The Thousand and Twelve Questions ''The Thousand and Twelve Questions'' ( ; Modern Mandaic: ''Alf Tressar Ešyāli'') is a Mandaean religious text. The ''1012 Questions'' is one of the most detailed texts on Mandaean priestly rituals. It is kept by Mandaean priests in the shk ...

'', Nbat is described as the "Father of uthras, the Celestial King of Light." He is also mentioned as the father of

Shishlam In Mandaeism, Shishlam (;) is a figure representing the prototypical Mandaean priest or Mandaean. He is also frequently referred to in Mandaean texts as Šišlam Rabba (. Shishlam is sometimes identified with Adam Kasia, the "Perfect Man". I ...

(Drower 1960: 113-114) and as the father of Hibil Ziwa (Drower 1960: 158).

References

{{Authority control Individual angels Uthras

In Mandaean scriptures

See also

References