The National Garden () or

Ministry of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral r ...

Gate is a historical and governmental compound in

Tehran Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District (Tehran County), Central District. With a population of around 9. ...

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

. Formerly referred to as the Parade Square (; ), it used to be a military shooting range during the Qajar era. It was then turned into a

public park An urban park or metropolitan park, also known as a city park, municipal park (North America), public park, public open space, or municipal gardens (United Kingdom, UK), is a park or botanical garden in cities, densely populated suburbia and oth ...

for a short period, and eventually important governmental offices and museums were built around it.''Iranshahr Encyclopedia of Architectural History (): The National Garden ()'' Building number 9 of the

(formerly the "Police House"), the University of Art (formerly the "Cossack House"), Malek National Museum, Post and Communication Museum, and the National Museum are situated in the compound.

History

The field was first constructed as a shooting practice range, during the Qajar era. It was used for the military garrison, and the Cossacks practiced military parade in it. The range was then developed during the reign of Naser ed Din Shah, with a new building named ''Cossack House'', which was somewhat transformed during the reign of Mozaffar ed Din Shah. Under the rule of Reza Shah of the

Pahlavi dynasty The Pahlavi dynasty () is an List of monarchs of Iran, Iranian royal dynasty that was the Pahlavi Iran, last to rule Iran before the country's monarchy was abolished by the Iranian Revolution in 1979. It was founded in 1925 by Reza Shah, Reza S ...

, the range was turned into a modern

for a short period, and the famous gate of the compound was built by Mirza Mehdi Khan Shaghaghi (Momtahen od Dowle) before

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. Eventually, important governmental buildings were built around the compound; such as the "Police House" (or the "Shahrbani House") which was built for the ''

Shahrbani ''Shahrbani'' ( ; ), formerly called ''Nazmiyeh'' ( ; ), was a law enforcement force in Iran with police duties inside cities. Founded during the Qajar Iran, Qajar era, it was eventually merged in 1991 with the Iranian Gendarmerie and the Islam ...

'', an organization responsible for maintaining security in the city. Ministry of MFA Iran

Gallery

File:Bagh-e Melli.jpg, The National Garden in the 1960s File:پاییز و سردر باغ ملی.jpg, The area in front of the gate File:Meydan Mashgh Tehran.jpg, University of Art
(formerly the "Cossack House") File:Gazzaghkhaneh Tehran.jpg, Part of the complex of the former "Cossack House" File:Ministry of Foreign Affairs building in Tehran.jpg,

(formerly the "Police House") File:Compounds of the Foreign Ministry of Iran in Tehran.jpg, Compounds of the Foreign Ministry File:National Garden gates.jpg, National Garden gates

References

Buildings and structures in Tehran Architecture in Iran Qajar Iran {{Iran-struct-stub

History

Gallery

See also

References