Mitte (locality)

Mitte (; German for "middle" or "center") is a central section () of Berlin, Germany, in the eponymous borough () of Mitte. Until 2001, it was itself an autonomous district.

Mitte proper comprises the historic center of Old Berlin, with the medieval churches of St. Nicholas and St. Mary, the Museum Island, city buildings (Rotes Rathaus and Altes Stadthaus), the Fernsehturm, and the Brandenburg Gate, along the central boulevard of Unter den Linden. For these reasons, Mitte is considered the "heart" of Berlin.

History

Mitte comprises the historic center of Berlin ( and ). Its history thus corresponds to the history of the entire city until the early 20th century, and with the Greater Berlin Act in 1920 it became the first district of the city. It was among the areas of the city most heavily damaged in World War II.

Following a territorial redeployment by the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom that reshaped the borders of West Berlin's British Sector in August 1945, the western part of Staaken became in effect as of 1 February 1951 an exclave of Mitte, then still a borough of East Berlin. This ended on 1 January 1961, when western Staaken was incorporated into then East German Falkensee, which had already been under its de facto administration since 1 June 1952.

Between 1961 and 1990, Mitte, one of the most important boroughs of East Berlin but close to all three western sectors of the city, was almost surrounded by the Berlin Wall. One of the most important border crossings was Checkpoint Charlie, near Kreuzberg.Historical infos about Mitte
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Geography

Position

Situated in central Berlin and mostly in its old town, it is traversed by the river Spree. It borders the localities (''Ortsteile'') of Tiergarten, Moabit, Wedding, Gesundbrunnen (all in Mitte district), Prenzlauer Berg (in Pankow district), Friedrichshain, and Kreuzberg (both in Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg district).

Subdivision

Mitte is subdivided into 13 zones or neighborhoods (''Stadtviertel'') (the numbers refer to the map above right):
*Cölln (1)
**Museum Island (1a)
** Fisher Island (1b)
* Alt-Berlin (2)
** Nikolaiviertel (2a)
* Friedrichswerder (3)
* Neukölln am Wasser (4)
*Dorotheenstadt (5)
* Friedrichstadt (6)
* Luisenstadt (7)
* Stralauer Vorstadt (8)
* Alexanderplatz (9)
* Spandauer Vorstadt (10)
** Scheunenviertel (10a)
* Friedrich-Wilhelm-Stadt (11)
* Oranienburger Vorstadt (12)
* Rosenthaler Vorstadt (13)

Sister cities

* Higashiōsaka, Japan
* Holon, Israel

Main sights

Buildings and structures

* Alte Nationalgalerie
*Altes Museum
* Altes Stadthaus
*Berlin Cathedral
* Berlin Palace with the Humboldt Forum
* Berlin State Opera
* Berliner Ensemble
*Brandenburg Gate
* Bode Museum
*Bundesrat of Germany
* Checkpoint Charlie
* Deutscher Dom
* Fernsehturm Berlin
* Französischer Dom
* Friedrichstadt-Palast
* Friedrichswerder Church
*Humboldt University
* James Simon Gallery
* Kino Babylon
* Konzerthaus Berlin
* Kunsthaus Tacheles
* Marienkirche
* Neue Synagoge
* Neues Museum
* Nikolaikirche
* Palast der Republik
*Pergamon Museum
*Reich Air Ministry
*Rotes Rathaus
* St. Hedwig's Cathedral
* Sophienkirche
* Staatsratsgebäude
* Stadtschloß

Places, squares and streets

* Alexanderplatz
* Bernauer Straße
* Friedrichstraße
* Gendarmenmarkt
* Karl-Marx-Allee
* Leipziger Straße
*Lustgarten
*Marx-Engels-Forum
* Molkenmarkt
*Museum Island
* Nikolaiviertel
* Oranienburger Straße
* Pariser Platz
*Potsdamer Platz
* Schloßplatz
*Unter den Linden

Photogallery

Image:Braniborská brána.jpg, Brandenburg Gate
Image:Neptunbrunnen and Fernsehturm (8330762719).jpg, Fernsehturm
Image:Rotes Rathaus.jpg, Rotes Rathaus
Image:Alexanderplatz in Berlin - Panorama.jpg, Alexanderplatz
Image:Berlin Unter den Linden Potsdamer Platz.jpg, Unter den Linden
Image:Frontansicht des Hauptgebäudes der Humboldt-Universität in Berlin.jpg, Humboldt University of Berlin
Image:Berlin Naturkundemuseum 2.jpg, Museum für Naturkunde
Image:PotsdamerPlatz Vogelperspektive 2004 1.jpg, Potsdamer Platz
Image:Pergamonmuseum Front.jpg, Pergamon Museum
Image:2023 Berliner Dom - Westfassade -- 01.jpg, Berlin Cathedral
Image:Berlin Staatsoper Zuschauerraum 2.jpg, Inside Berlin State Opera
Image:FW Nikolaikirche (Berlin).JPG, Nikolaikirche
Image:Mitte Nikolaikirchplatz-001.jpg, Nikolaiviertel
Image:Berliner Schloss (August 2023).jpg, Berlin Palace with the Humboldt Forum
Image:Bode_Museum.jpg, Museum Island
Image:Berlin Bebelplatz asv2018-05 img1.jpg, St. Hedwig's Cathedral
Image:Berlin Neue Synagoge 2005.jpg, Neue Synagoge
Image:Gendarmenmarkt Berlin 2009.JPG, Gendarmenmarkt with Französischer Dom and Konzerthaus
Image:Berlin Deutscher Dom Apel.jpg, Deutscher Dom
Image:Berlin Kunsthaus Tacheles.jpg, Kunsthaus Tacheles
Image:Checkpoint Charlie Berlin.jpg, Checkpoint Charlie on Friedrichstrasse
Image:Berlin Sophie Gips Hof1.jpg, Sophie-Gips-Höfe

Transportation

Mitte is served by S-Bahn lines S5, S7, S75, S9 (both on Berlin Stadtbahn); S1, S2, S25, and U-Bahn lines U2, U5, U6 and U8, as well as numerous tram and bus lines.

See also

* Berlin Alexanderplatz railway station
* Berlin Friedrichstrasse railway station
*Berlin Potsdamer Platz railway station

References

External links

Webpage of Mitte ''Ortsteil'' on www.berlin.de

{{Authority control

Localities of Berlin
*Mitte
Former boroughs of Berlin