The Minister of Labour, Employment and Economic Inclusion (), commonly just referred to as Minister of Labour, is a cabinet member in the

Government of France The Government of France (, ), officially the Government of the French Republic (, ), exercises Executive (government), executive power in France. It is composed of the Prime Minister of France, prime minister, who is the head of government, ...

. The minister is responsible for employment, labour legislation as well as the integration of foreigners. Following

Gabriel Attal Gabriel Nissim Attal de Couriss (; born 16 March 1989) is a French politician who was the prime minister of France from January to September 2024. He was the youngest and the first openly Gay man, gay prime minister in French history. A member ...

's appointment as

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

on 11 January 2024, the minister is

Catherine Vautrin Catherine Vautrin (; born 26 July 1960) is a French politician who has been serving as Minister of Labour, Employment and Economic Inclusion (France), Minister of Labour, Minister of Health (France), Health, Solidarity, and Families in the Bayro ...

History

The position was originally known as Minister of Labour (''Ministre du Travail''), created in 1906, and later, Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions (''Ministre du Travail et Prévoyance sociale''). After its 1906 creation, the ''

Inspection du travail The ''Inspection du travail'' (IT, ''Labour inspection'') is a specialist agency of the French civil service, responsible for investigating employment conditions and enforcing labour law, created in 1892 during the French Third Republic, Third Repu ...

'' (IT, Labour Inspection) service was integrated to it. After the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, the position was renamed Minister of Social Affairs. In its current state, the position was brought back in 1981 (after almost a decade) under the presidency of

François Mitterrand François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (26 October 19168 January 1996) was a French politician and statesman who served as President of France from 1981 to 1995, the longest holder of that position in the history of France. As a former First ...

—as a result of the economic situation of France in the 1980s—to oversee issues of social exclusion,

unemployment Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is the proportion of people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for work du ...

, racism, sexism and social justice. The seat of the ministry is the

hôtel du Châtelet The hôtel du Châtelet () is a ''hôtel particulier'', a kind of large townhouse of France, at 127, rue de Grenelle, in the 7th arrondissement, Paris. The building is now the home of the Ministry of Labour and the minister’s official residence ...

, an 18th-century neoclassical palace located in the

7th arrondissement of Paris The 7th arrondissement of Paris (''VIIe arrondissement'') is one of the 20 Arrondissements of Paris, arrondissements of the capital city of France. It is known for being, along with the 16th arrondissement and the ''commune'' of Neuilly-sur-Sein ...

List of ministers of labour

Third Republic

Gaston Doumergue Pierre Paul Henri Gaston Doumergue (; 1 August 1863 in Aigues-Vives, Gard18 June 1937 in Aigues-Vives) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1924 to 1931. Tasked with important ministerial portfolios, he was first appo ...

(14 March 1906 – 25 October 1906) *

René Viviani Jean Raphaël Adrien René Viviani (; 8 November 18637 September 1925) was a French politician of the Third Republic, who served as Prime Minister for the first year of World War I. He was born in Sidi Bel Abbès, in French Algeria. In France ...

(25 October 1906 – 2 November 1910) *

Louis Lafferre Louis Lafferre (10 May 1861 – 28 February 1929) was a French politician. He belonged to the Radical Party (France), Radical Party. Lafferre was born in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and began his political career as a local councillor in Narbonn ...

(3 November 1910 – 1 March 1911) *

Joseph Paul-Boncour Augustin Alfred Joseph Paul-Boncour (; 4 August 1873 – 28 March 1972) was a French politician and diplomat of the Third Republic. He was a member of the Republican-Socialist Party (PRS) and served as Prime Minister of France from December 19 ...

(2 March 1911 – 26 November 1911) *

René Renoult René Renoult (29 August 1867 in Paris – 30 April 1946 in Paris) was a French Minister and lawyer. Biography Renoult was the son of Étienne and Élisa Geranger, a female day laborer. He studied at the Faculty of Law in Paris and obt ...

(27 November 1911 – 13 January 1912) *

Léon Bourgeois Léon Victor Auguste Bourgeois (; 21 May 185129 September 1925) was a French statesman. His ideas influenced the Radical Party regarding a wide range of issues. He promoted progressive taxation such as progressive income taxes and social insu ...

(14 January 1912 – 20 January 1913) *

René Besnard René Henry Besnard (12 April 1879 – 12 March 1952) was a French politician who was a deputy for Indre-et-Loire from 1906 to 1919 and senator from 1920 to 1941. He was briefly Minister of the Colonies and then Minister of Labor and Social Welf ...

(21 January 1913 – 21 March 1913) *

Henry Chéron Henry Frédéric Chéron (; 11 May 1867 – 14 April 1936) was a French lawyer and politician who became active in local politics in the Calvados (department), Calvados department of Normandy while still a young man, and always maintained his root ...

(22 March 1913 – 8 December 1913) *

Albert Métin Emile Albert Métin (; 28 January 1871 – 16 August 1918) was a French teacher and professor of history and geography, a prolific author and a politician who was twice Minister of Labor and Social Welfare. Life Early years Albert Métin was b ...

(9 December 1913 – 8 June 1914) *

Jean-Baptiste Abel Jean-Baptiste Eugène Abel (12 January 1863 – 30 September 1921) was a French politician who was briefly Minister of Labor and Social Welfare, and later was Governor-General of Algeria. Early years Jean-Baptiste Eugène Abel was born in Toul ...

(9 June 1914 – 13 June 1914) *

Maurice Couyba Charles Maurice Couyba (1 January 1866 – 18 November 1931) was a French professor and politician. He was a deputy from 1897 to 1907, then a senator from 1907 to 1920. He was Minister of Commerce and Industry from 1911 to 1912, and was briefly ...

(13 June 1914 – 26 August 1914) *

Jean-Baptiste Bienvenu-Martin Jean-Baptiste Bienvenu Martin (22 July 1847 – 10 December 1943) was a French people, French Radical Party (France), Radical leader and cabinet officer. He was born at Saint-Bris-le-Vineux (Yonne), and was educated in the law. Career He h ...

(27 August 1914 – 30 October 1915) *

(30 October 1915 – 14 December 1916) *

Étienne Clémentel Étienne Clémentel (; 11 January 1864 – 25 December 1936) was a French politician. He served as a member of the National Assembly of France from 1900 to 1919 and as French Senator from 1920 to 1936. He also served as Minister of Colonies fro ...

(14 December 1916 – 20 March 1917) *

(20 March 1917 – 12 September 1917) *

André Renard André Renard (; 25 May 191120 July 1962) was a Belgian trade union leader who, in the aftermath of World War II, became an influential figure within the Walloon Movement. Born into a working-class family, Renard was as a metalworker in the L ...

(12 September 1917 – 11 November 1917) *

Pierre Colliard Pierre Colliard (30 April 1852, Jons – 19 May 1925) was a French politician belonging to the Republican-Socialist Party. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures a ...

(11 November 1917 – 2 December 1919) *

Paul Jourdain Paul Léon Jourdain (; 28 October 1878 – 26 March 1948) was a French industrialist and politician who was a deputy from 1919 to 1927 and a senator from 1927 to 1944. He was Minister of Labor in 1919–21 and for a brief period in 1924. He was ...

( 2 December 1919 – 16 January 1921) * Daniel Vincent (16 January 1921 – 15 January 1922) *

Albert Peyronnet Albert Pierre Camille Peyronnet (5 January 1862 – 18 December 1958) was a French politician who was a senator from 1912 to 1945 and Minister of Labor (France), Minister of Labor in 1922–24. Life Albert Pierre Camille Peyronnet was born on 5 ...

(15 January 1922 – 29 March 1924) * Daniel Vincent (29 March 1924 – 9 June 1924) *

(9 June 1924 – 14 June 1924) *

Justin Godart François Pierre Marie Justin Godart (26 November 1871 – 13 December 1956) was a French lawyer and politician who served as the Minister for Health from 3 June 1932 to 18 December 1932. Biography Justin Godart was born into a working-class ...

(14 June 1924 – 14 April 1925) * Antoine Durafour (17 April 1925 – 19 July 1926) *

Louis Pasquet Louis Pasquet (October 17, 1867 – April 29, 1931) was a French politician. Louis Pasquet was born in Tarascon. He was elected three times Senate (France), senator for the Bouches-du-Rhône Departments of France, department: on January 11, 1920 ...

(19 July 1926 – 23 July 1926) * André Fallières (23 July 1926 – 1 June 1928) *

Louis Loucheur Louis Loucheur (12 August 1872 in Roubaix, Nord – 22 November 1931 in Paris) was a French politician in the Third Republic, at first a member of the conservative Republican Federation, then of the Democratic Republican Alliance and of the I ...

(1 June 1928 – 2 March 1930) *

Pierre Laval Pierre Jean Marie Laval (; 28 June 1883 – 15 October 1945) was a French politician. He served as Prime Minister of France three times: 1931–1932 and 1935–1936 during the Third Republic (France), Third Republic, and 1942–1944 during Vich ...

(2 March 1930 – 13 December 1930) *

Édouard Grinda Édouard Joseph Auguste Grinda (20 December 1866 – 28 March 1959) was a French people, French politician best known for ''The Grinda Report'' written in 1923 and as architect of France's medical insurance law of 1928. He was born and died in Nice ...

(13 December 1930 – 27 January 1931) * Adolphe Landry (27 January 1931 – 20 February 1932) *

(20 February 1932 – 3 June 1932) *

Albert Dalimier Albert François Marie Dalimier (; 20 February 1875 – 6 May 1936) was a French politician. Between 1932 and 1934 he was Minister of Labor, Minister of the Colonies (twice) and Minister of Justice in four of the short-lived cabinets of that pe ...

(4 June 1932 – 31 January 1933) *

François Albert François Albert (; 4 April 1877 – 23 November 1933) was a French journalist and politician. He was strongly anti-clerical. Albert was Minister of Education (France), Minister of Education in 1924–25, and Minister of Labor (France), Minister o ...

(31 January 1933 – 26 October 1933) * Eugène Frot (26 October 1933 – 26 November 1933) *

Lucien Lamoureux Lucien Lamoureux (; August 3, 1920 – July 16, 1998) was a Canadian politician and Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada from 1966 to 1974. He is the second longest-serving occupant of that office. Lamoureux was born and raised in Ottawa ...

(26 November 1933 – 9 January 1934) * Eugène Frot (9 January 1934 – 30 January 1934) * Jean Valadier (30 January 1934 – 9 February 1934) *

Adrien Marquet Adrien Marquet (; 6 October 1884 – 3 February 1955) was a socialist mayor of Bordeaux who turned to the far right. Career Marquet was born in Bordeaux and became its socialist mayor in 1925. In 1933, he was expelled from the French Section ...

(9 February 1934 – 8 November 1934) *

Paul Jacquier Paul Jacquier (; 26 March 1879 – 3 March 1961) was a French senator. On 10 July 1940, he voted as a Senator in favour of granting the cabinet presided by Marshal Philippe Pétain authority to draw up a new constitution, thereby effectively end ...

(8 November 1934 – 1 June 1935) *

Ludovic-Oscar Frossard Ludovic-Oscar Frossard (; 5 March 1889 – 11 February 1946), also known as L.-O. Frossard or Oscar Frossard, was a French socialist and communist politician. He was a founding member in 1905 and Secretary-General of the French Socialist Party ( ...

(1 June 1935 – 4 June 1935) *

Jean-Baptiste Lebas Jean-Baptiste Lebas (; 24 October 1878 – 10 March 1944) was a French Socialist politician, deputy to the National Assembly of France during the Third Republic, who served twice as minister under Léon Blum’s governments. He was mayor of Rou ...

(4 June 1936 – 22 June 1937) * André Février (22 June 1937 – 18 January 1938) *

Paul Ramadier Paul Ramadier (17 March 1888 – 14 October 1961) was a French statesman who served as Prime Minister of France in 1947. Biography The son of a psychiatrist, Ramadier graduated in law from the University of Toulouse and started his profess ...

(18 January 1938 – 13 March 1938) * Albert Sérol (13 March 1938 – 10 April 1938) *

(10 April 1938 – 21 August 1938) * Charles Pomaret (21 August 1938 – 16 June 1940) * André Février (16 June 1940 – 27 June 1940) * Charles Pomaret (27 June 1940 – 12 July 1940)

Vichy France Vichy France (; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was a French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II, established as a result of the French capitulation after the Battle of France, ...

René Belin René Belin (; 14 April 1898 – 2 January 1977) was a French trade unionist and politician. In the 1930s he became one of the leaders of the French General Confederation of Labour. He was strongly opposed to communism. In the prelude to World W ...

(15 July 1940 – 18 April 1942) *

Hubert Lagardelle Hubert Lagardelle (; 8 July 1874 – 20 September 1958) was a pioneer of French revolutionary syndicalism. He regularly authored reviews for the ''Plans'' magazine, was co-founder of the journal ''Prélude'', and Minister of Labour in the Vichy ...

(20 April 1942 – 23 November 1943) *

Jean Bichelonne Jean Bichelonne (24 December 1904 – 22 December 1944) was a French businessman and member of the Vichy France, Vichy government that governed France during World War II following the German military administration in occupied France during World ...

(23 November 1943 – 17 March 1944) *

Marcel Déat Marcel Déat (; 7 March 1894 – 5 January 1955) was a French politician. Initially a socialist and a member of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), he led a breakaway group of right-wing Neosocialists out of the SFIO in 19 ...

(17 March 1944 – 20 August 1944)

Provisional Government of the French Republic The Provisional Government of the French Republic (PGFR; , GPRF) was the provisional government of Free France between 3 June 1944 and 27 October 1946, following the liberation of continental France after Operations ''Overlord'' and ''Drago ...

* Adrien Tixier (7 June 1944 – 9 September 1944) (

French Committee of National Liberation French may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France ** French people, a nation and ethnic group ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Arts and media * The French (band) ...

) *

René Sanson René (''born again'' or ''reborn'' in French) is a common first name in French-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and German-speaking countries. It derives from the Latin name Renatus. René is the masculine form of the name (Renée being the feminine ...

(28 August 1944 – 5 September 1944) (

Provisional Government of the French Republic The Provisional Government of the French Republic (PGFR; , GPRF) was the provisional government of Free France between 3 June 1944 and 27 October 1946, following the liberation of continental France after Operations ''Overlord'' and ''Drago ...

) *

Alexandre Parodi Alexandre Parodi (1 June 1901 – 15 March 1979) liases Quartus and Cératwas a French senior civil servant, a member of the French resistance, General de Gaulle's appointee in charge of the French Committee of National Liberation, French ...

(10 September 1944 – 21 November 1945) (

) * Ambroise Croizat (21 November 1945 – 16 December 1946) (

)

Fourth Republic

Daniel Mayer Daniel Raphaël Mayer (29 April 1909 – 29 December 1996) was a French politician and a member of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) and president of the ''Ligue des droits de l'homme'' (LDH, Human Rights League) from 1958 ...

(16 December 1946 – 22 January 1947) * Ambroise Croizat (22 January 1947 – 4 May 1947) *

Robert Lacoste Robert Lacoste (5 July 1898 – 8 March 1989) was a French politician. He was a socialist MP of the Dordogne from 1945 to 1958, and from 1962 to 1967. He then served as senator from 1971 to 1980. Biography Robert Lacoste was born at Azerat ...

(4 May 1947 – 9 May 1947) *

(9 May 1947 – 28 October 1949) * Pierre Ségelle (29 October 1949 – 7 February 1950) * Paul Bacon (7 February 1950 – 8 March 1952) *

Pierre Garet Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...

(8 March 1952 – 8 January 1953) * Paul Bacon (8 January 1953 – 19 June 1954) *

Eugène Claudius-Petit Eugène Claudius-Petit (1907–1989) was a French politician. He participated in many governments under the Fourth Republic and was a proponent of Firminy Vert. He later added his pseudonym from the Resistance, "Claudius", to his name. Earl ...

(19 June 1954 – 3 September 1954) *

Louis-Paul Aujoulat Louis-Paul Aujoulat (28 August 1910 – 1 December 1973) was a French politician and missionary doctor. Following his long and illustrious political career he served as France's representative to the World Health Organization. Early life Aujoula ...

(3 September 1954 – 23 February 1955) * Paul Bacon (23 February 1955 – 1 February 1956) *

Albert Gazier Albert Gazier (; 16 May 1908 – 2 March 1997) was a French trade union leader and politician. During World War II (1939–45) he helped reorganize the unions during the German occupation of France. He escaped arrest by the Gestapo, made his way t ...

(1 February 1956 – 6 November 1957) * Paul Bacon (6 November 1957 – 8 January 1959)

Fifth Republic

Jean-Marcel Jeanneney Jean-Marcel Jeanneney (13 November 1910 – 17 September 2010) was minister in various French governments in the 1950s and 1960s, and France's first ambassador to Algeria in the immediate aftermath of the Algerian War. Born in Paris, he has ...

(8 January 1966 – 30 May 1968) *

Maurice Schumann Maurice Schumann (; 10 April 1911 – 9 February 1998) was a French politician, journalist, writer, and hero of the Second World War who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs (France), Minister of Foreign Affairs under Georges Pompidou from 22 J ...

(30 May 1968 – 20 June 1969) *

Edgar Faure Edgar Jean Faure (; 18 August 1908 – 30 March 1988) was a French politician, lawyer, essayist, historian and memoirist who served as Prime Minister of France in 1952 and again between 1955 and 1956.Nicole Questiaux (22 May 1981 – 29 June 1982) *

Pierre Bérégovoy Pierre Eugène Bérégovoy (; 23 December 1925 – 1 May 1993) was a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France under President François Mitterrand from 2 April 1992 to 29 March 1993. He was a member of the Socialist Party and ...

(29 June 1982 – 17 July 1984) *

Georgina Dufoix Georgina Dufoix (; born Georgina Nègre on 16 February 1942) is a French politician, who served as Minister of Social Affairs and National Solidarity from 1984 to 1986, in the government of Laurent Fabius Laurent Fabius (; born 20 August 1 ...

(19 July 1984 – 7 December 1984) *

Philippe Séguin Philippe Séguin (; 21 April 1943 – 7 January 2010) was a French political figure who was President of the National Assembly from 1993 to 1997 and President of the Cour des Comptes of France from 2004 to 2010. He entered the Court of Financ ...

(20 March 1986 – 12 May 1988) * Michel Delebarre (12 May 1988 – 23 June 1988) *

Claude Évin Claude Évin (born 29 June 1949) is a French politician and lawyer. He was first elected in 1978. Prior to becoming a member of parliament, Claude Évin was the deputy mayor of Saint-Nazaire, a post he held until 1989. In his lengthy career, ...

(23 June 1988 – 16 May 1991) *

Jean-Louis Bianco Jean-Louis Bianco (born 12 January 1943) is a French politician and civil servant who served as Minister of Social Affairs and Integration from 1991 to 1992 and Minister of Equipment, Transport and Housing from 1992 to 1993 under President Fra ...

(16 May 1991 – 2 April 1992) *

René Teulade René Teulade (17 June 1931 – 13 February 2014) was a member of the Senate of France, representing the Corrèze department. He was a member of the Socialist Party Socialist Party is the name of many different political parties around the w ...

(2 April 1992 – 29 March 1993) *

Simone Veil Simone Veil (; ; 13 July 1927 – 30 June 2017) was a French magistrate, Holocaust survivor, and politician who served as health minister in several governments and was President of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1982, the first woman t ...

(29 March 1993 – 18 May 1995) * Colette Codaccioni (18 May 1995 – 7 November 1995) * Eric Raoult (18 May 1995 – 7 November 1995) * Jacques Barrot (7 November 1995 – 4 June 1997) *

Jean-Claude Gaudin Jean-Claude Gaudin (; 8 October 1939 – 20 May 2024) was a French politician for The Republicans. He served as the Mayor of Marseille from 1995 to 2020. Gaudin was a member of the National Assembly of France from Bouches-du-Rhône from 1978 ...

(7 November 1995 – 4 June 1997) *

Martine Aubry Martine Louise Marie Aubry (; née Delors; born 8 August 1950) is a French politician. She was the First Secretary of the French Socialist Party (''Parti Socialiste'', or PS) from November 2008 to April 2012, and has been the Mayor (France), M ...

(4 June 1997 – 18 October 2000) *

Élisabeth Guigou Élisabeth Guigou (; born Élisabeth Vallier; 6 August 1946) is a French politician of the Socialist Party who served as a member of the National Assembly from 2002 until 2017, representing Seine-Saint-Denis' 9th constituency. Early life and ...

(18 October 2000 – 7 May 2002) *

François Fillon François Charles Amand Fillon (; born 4 March 1954) is a French retired politician who served as Prime Minister of France from 2007 to 2012 under President Nicolas Sarkozy. He was the nominee of The Republicans (previously known as the Union ...

(7 May 2002 – 31 March 2004) *

Jean-Louis Borloo Jean-Louis Marie Borloo (; born 7 April 1951) is a French politician who served as president of the Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI) from 2012 to 2014. He also was Minister of the Economy, Finance and Employment in 2007 and Minister of ...

(31 March 2004 – 18 May 2007) *

Xavier Bertrand Xavier René Louis Bertrand (; born 21 March 1965) is a French politician; he is president of the regional council of Hauts-de-France since the 2015 regional elections. Earlier in his career, Bertrand was Minister of Health from 2005 to 2007 ...

(18 May 2007 – 15 January 2009) *

Brice Hortefeux Brice Hortefeux (; born 11 May 1958) is a conservative French politician. He was Minister of the Interior, Overseas Territories and Territorial collectivities. He was previously Minister for Labour, Labour Relations, the Family, Solidarity and ...

(16 January 2009 – 23 June 2009) *

Xavier Darcos Xavier Darcos (; born 14 July 1947) is a French politician, scholar, civil servant and former Minister of Labour. An ''agrégé'' professor in literature and general inspector of the National Education system, he has been Mayor of Périgueux ...

(23 June 2009 – 21 March 2010) *

Éric Woerth Éric Woerth (born 29 January 1956) is a French politician of Renaissance. Early life and education Woerth was born in Creil, Oise. He studied at Paris 2 Panthéon-Assas University, HEC Paris and Sciences Po. Political career Career in local ...

(21 March 2010 – 14 November 2010) *

(14 November 2010 – 10 May 2012) *

Michel Sapin Michel Sapin (; born 9 April 1952) is a French politician who served as Minister of Finance from 1992 to 1993 and again from 2014 to 2017. He is a member of the Socialist Party. He was Minister of the Civil Service from 2000 to 2002 and Mini ...

Marisol Touraine Marisol Touraine (; born 7 March 1959) is a French politician who served as Minister of Social Affairs and Health under Prime Ministers Jean-Marc Ayrault,Angelique ChrisafisWomen in the French cabinet ''The Guardian'', 18 May 2012Olivier Augu ...

(16 May 2012 – 2017) *

Muriel Pénicaud Muriel Pénicaud (born 31 March 1955) is a former French business executive and politician who served as Minister of Social Affairs (France), Minister of Labour in the Second Philippe government, government of Prime Minister of France, Prime Min ...

(17 May 2017 – 6 July 2020) *

Élisabeth Borne Élisabeth Borne (; born 18 April 1961) is a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France from May 2022 to January 2024. A member of President Emmanuel Macron's party Renaissance (French political party), Renaissance, she is the secon ...

(6 July 2020 – 16 May 2022) *

Olivier Dussopt Olivier Dussopt (; born 16 August 1978) is a French politician who served as minister of labour, employment and integration in the government of prime minister Élisabeth Borne from 2022 to 2024. He previously served as minister of public actio ...

(16 May 2022 – 11 January 2024) *

(11 January 2024 – present)

References

Sources

* * * {{authority control

Social affairs A ministry of social affairs or department of social affairs is the common name for a government department found in states where the government is divided into ministries or departments. While there is some variation in the responsibilities of su ...

Employment in France

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...