Jóhann Gunnar Jóhannsson (; 19 September 1969 – 9 February 2018) was an Icelandic composer who wrote music for a wide array of media including theatre, dance, television, and film. His work is stylised by its blending of traditional orchestration with contemporary electronic elements.
Jóhann released solo albums from 2002 onward. In 2016, he signed with
Deutsche Grammophon
Deutsche Grammophon (; DGG) is a German classical music record label that was the precursor of the corporation PolyGram. Headquartered in Berlin Friedrichshain, it is now part of Universal Music Group (UMG) since its merger with the UMG family of ...
, through which he released his last solo album, ''
Orphée''. Some of his works in film include the original scores for
Denis Villeneuve's ''
Prisoners'', ''
Sicario'', and ''
Arrival'', and
James Marsh's ''
The Theory of Everything''. Jóhannsson was nominated for an
Academy Award
The Academy Awards, commonly known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit in film. They are presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) in the United States in recognition of excellence ...
for Best Original Score for both ''The Theory of Everything'' and ''Sicario'', and won a
Golden Globe for Best Original Score for the former. He earned a second Golden Globe nomination for ''Arrival''. He was a music and sound consultant on ''
Mother!'', directed by
Darren Aronofsky
Darren Aronofsky (born February 12, 1969) is an American Filmmaking, filmmaker. His films are noted for their surreal, dramatic, and often disturbing elements, frequently in the form of psychological realism. His accolades include a Golden Lion ...
in 2017. His scores for ''
Mary Magdalene
Mary Magdalene (sometimes called Mary of Magdala, or simply the Magdalene or the Madeleine) was a woman who, according to the four canonical gospels, traveled with Jesus as one of his followers and was a witness to crucifixion of Jesus, his cr ...
'' and ''
Mandy'' were released posthumously.
His only directorial work, ''
Last and First Men'', premiered at the Manchester International Festival in 2017, where he also performed the score live with the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra.
Early life and career
Jóhann was born on 19 September 1969 in
Reykjavík
Reykjavík is the Capital city, capital and largest city in Iceland. It is located in southwestern Iceland on the southern shore of Faxaflói, the Faxaflói Bay. With a latitude of 64°08′ N, the city is List of northernmost items, the worl ...
, Iceland, to Jóhann Gunnarsson, a maintenance engineer who worked for
IBM
International Business Machines Corporation (using the trademark IBM), nicknamed Big Blue, is an American Multinational corporation, multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, and present in over 175 countries. It is ...
, and Edda Thorkelsdóttir.
He learned the piano and trombone from the age of 11, but had given them up during his teenage years.
[ Jóhann attended the ]University of Iceland
The University of Iceland ( ) is a public research university in Reykjavík, Iceland, and the country's oldest and largest institution of higher education. Founded in 1911, it has grown steadily from a small civil servants' school to a modern co ...
, where he studied languages and literature.[
Jóhann started his musical career in the late 1980s in the proto-]shoegaze
Shoegaze (originally called shoegazing and sometimes conflated with dream pop) is a subgenre of indie rock, indie and alternative rock characterized by its ethereal mixture of obscured vocals, guitar distortion (music), distortion and effects, a ...
-influenced band Daisy Hill Puppy Farm, who released a couple of EPs which were played by British DJ John Peel and received a fan letter from Steve Albini
Steven Frank Albini (; July 22, 1962 – May 7, 2024) was an American musician and audio engineer. He founded and fronted the influential post-hardcore and noise rock bands Big Black (1981–1987), Rapeman (1987–1989) and Shellac (band), ...
. He went on to work as a guitarist and producer playing in Icelandic indie rock
Indie rock is a Music subgenre, subgenre of rock music that originated in the United Kingdom, United States and New Zealand in the early to mid-1980s. Although the term was originally used to describe rock music released through independent reco ...
bands, like Olympia, Unun and HAM. In 1999, Jóhann co-founded Kitchen Motors; a think tank, art organisation and music label that encouraged interdisciplinary collaborations between artists from punk, jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its roots are in blues, ragtime, European harmony, African rhythmic rituals, spirituals, h ...
, classical, metal
A metal () is a material that, when polished or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electrical resistivity and conductivity, electricity and thermal conductivity, heat relatively well. These properties are all associated wit ...
and electronic music
Electronic music broadly is a group of music genres that employ electronic musical instruments, circuitry-based music technology and software, or general-purpose electronics (such as personal computers) in its creation. It includes both music ...
. His own sound arose out of these musical experimentations.
Solo works
Jóhann's first solo album, ''Englabörn'', was a suite based on the music written for the theatre piece of the same name. Jóhann approached the composition by recording string instruments and processing them through digital filter
In signal processing, a digital filter is a system that performs mathematical operations on a Sampling (signal processing), sampled, discrete-time signal to reduce or enhance certain aspects of that signal. This is in contrast to the other ma ...
s, which allowed him to deconstruct the recordings and reassemble them. The album combined holy minimalism, Satie, Purcell and Moondog with the electronic music
Electronic music broadly is a group of music genres that employ electronic musical instruments, circuitry-based music technology and software, or general-purpose electronics (such as personal computers) in its creation. It includes both music ...
of labels such as Mille Plateaux and Mego. Pitchfork
A pitchfork or hay fork is an agricultural tool used to pitch loose material, such as hay, straw, manure, or leaves. It has a long handle and usually two to five thin tines designed to efficiently move such materials.
The term is also applie ...
gave ''Englabörn'' a score of 8.9, and described it as "exceptionally restrained, the piano moving like droplets off of slowly melting icicles, the violin breathing warmth from above. The hesitation of each breath and falling bead feels as though it were a Morton Feldman piece condensed to three minutes."
For his second album, ''Virðulegu Forsetar'', an hour-long ambient piece, Jóhann used an orchestra of 11 brass players, glockenspiel
The glockenspiel ( ; or , : bells and : play) or bells is a percussion instrument consisting of pitched aluminum or steel bars arranged in a Musical keyboard, keyboard layout. This makes the glockenspiel a type of metallophone, similar to the v ...
, piano and organ, with added bells and electronics, creating a sound that combined classical, ambient and experimental music.
'' IBM 1401, A User's Manual'', Jóhann's fourth studio album, was released on 30 October 2006 on the 4AD label. It was inspired by his father, an IBM engineer and one of Iceland's first computer programmers, who used early hardware to compose melodies during his downtime at work. Jóhann used sounds produced from the electromagnetic emissions of the IBM 1401 as part of the composition.
'' Fordlandia'', Jóhann's sixth full-length studio album, was released in November 2008 via 4AD, and was thematically influenced by the failure of Henry Ford's Brazilian rubber plant Fordlândia.
In 2010, Jóhann collaborated with filmmaker Bill Morrison on ''The Miners' Hymns'' (2011), a film and accompanying composition for a brass band, pipe organ and electronics, based on coal-mining in County Durham
County Durham, officially simply Durham, is a ceremonial county in North East England.UK General Acts 1997 c. 23Lieutenancies Act 1997 Schedule 1(3). From legislation.gov.uk, retrieved 6 April 2022. The county borders Northumberland and Tyne an ...
. The film was noted for celebrating "social, cultural, and political aspects of the extinct industry, and the strong regional tradition of colliery brass bands". The overall piece was itself a tribute to the miners strikes which occurred in the area during the 1980s. The piece premiered live in Durham Cathedral
Durham Cathedral, formally the , is a Church of England cathedral in the city of Durham, England. The cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Durham and is the Mother Church#Cathedral, mother church of the diocese of Durham. It also contains the ...
in July 2010 and was released on CD and DVD in May 2011. The album was described by the BBC as "a gorgeous brass-based requiem for northeast England's former mining community". Writing in ''The Observer
''The Observer'' is a British newspaper published on Sundays. First published in 1791, it is the world's oldest Sunday newspaper.
In 1993 it was acquired by Guardian Media Group Limited, and operated as a sister paper to ''The Guardian'' ...
'', Fiona Maddocks gave the London debut performance of the score at the Barbican five stars, writing, "The strange counterpoint between an Icelandic minimalist, an American filmmaker and a bitter episode in recent British history has resulted in a work as unclassifiable as it is unforgettable."
In 2021 the ''Gold Dust'' EP was released, containing unused pieces from various previous projects.
On 15th Sept 2023, the posthumous album ''Prayer to the Dynamo'' was released on Bandcamp
Bandcamp is an American online music distribution platform founded in 2008 by Oddpost co-founder Ethan Diamond and programmers Shawn Grunberger, Joe Holt and Neal Tucker, with an office and record store in Oakland, California. Acquired by Epic ...
. This contained suites from '' Sicario'' and '' The Theory of Everything'' and was performed by the Iceland Symphony Orchestra
Sinfóníuhljómsveit Íslands (Iceland Symphony Orchestra) (ISO) is an Icelandic orchestra based in Reykjavík. Its primary concert venue is the Harpa (concert hall), Harpa Concert Hall. The Iceland Symphony is an autonomous public institution u ...
.
Film work
Jóhann had scored a number of works concurrent with his solo career through the 2000s including the Icelandic comedy ''Dis'' in 2004, TV series ''Svartir englar'' in 2007, and ''In the Arms of My Enemy'' in 2007. However it is his work with Denis Villeneuve for which he is best known. His first collaboration with Villeneuve was '' Prisoners'' in 2013. He subsequently worked on Villeneuve's films '' Sicario'' (2015), which was nominated for Academy Award for Best Original Score
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by ...
, and '' Arrival'' (2016). Jóhann joined Villeneuve once again to work on '' Blade Runner 2049,'' but at some point during production Villeneuve decided that the music needed a change in direction. In describing the artistic process for '' Blade Runner 2049'', Villeneuve stated that "the movie needed something different, and I needed to go back to something closer to Vangelis
Evangelos Odysseas Papathanassiou (, ; 29 March 1943 – 17 May 2022), known professionally as Vangelis ( ; , ), was a Greek musician, composer, and producer of electronic, progressive, ambient, and classical orchestral music. He composed ...
. Jóhann and I decided that I will need to go in another direction." Villeneuve brought in Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch to complete the project. Jóhann's work on James Marsh's '' The Theory of Everything'' won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score in 2015. His final works were for the films '' Mandy'', '' The Mercy'', and ''Mary Magdalene
Mary Magdalene (sometimes called Mary of Magdala, or simply the Magdalene or the Madeleine) was a woman who, according to the four canonical gospels, traveled with Jesus as one of his followers and was a witness to crucifixion of Jesus, his cr ...
''. In an interview following the release of ''Arrival'', Jóhann commented on his process stating that "it's about putting yourself in a receptive state of mind where you react to inputs, and it can be from anywhere. It doesn't really matter if you're writing for film or if you're doing your own piece; you always have to put yourself into that space." He went on to say, "there are practical parameters, of course, involved in writing film music rather than doing your own album, but I view them very much as the same body of work. And, for me, there are very clear lines for me between '' Englabörn'' to ''Arrival''."
Prior to his death he had been hired to compose the score for Disney's '' Christopher Robin'', but died before he had begun work on it.
His only feature film directed by himself, '' Last and First Men'', premiered two years after his death at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival, where it received widespread acclaim.
Collaborations and other projects
In March 2015, Jóhann teamed up with ACME (American Contemporary Music Ensemble) and the Grammy Award-winning vocal ensemble Roomful of Teeth to perform ''Drone Mass''. Described as a contemporary oratorio, at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. His list of collaborators included Tim Hecker, Hildur Guðnadóttir, Pan Sonic, CAN drummer Jaki Liebezeit, Marc Almond, Barry Adamson, and Stephen O'Malley of Sunn O))). In 1999, Jóhann founded the Apparat Organ Quartet, which has released two albums since 2002 with live performances in Europe, America and Japan.
Personal life
Jóhann left Reykjavík in the early 2000s, living in Copenhagen
Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...
before settling in Kreuzberg
Kreuzberg () is a district of Berlin, Germany. It is part of the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg borough located south of Berlin-Mitte, Mitte. During the Cold War era, it was one of the poorest areas of West Berlin, but since German reunification in ...
, Berlin. He had a daughter, Karolina Jóhannsdóttir, who lives in Copenhagen.
Jóhann died in Berlin on 9 February 2018 at the age of 48.[ German toxicology reports indicated that a lethal combination of cocaine and flu medication was the likely cause of his death.
]
Discography
Solo albums
* '' Englabörn'' (2002, Touch)
** ''Englabörn'' (re-issue) (2007, 4AD)
* '' Virðulegu Forsetar'' (2004, Touch)
* '' IBM 1401, A User's Manual'' (2006, 12 Tónar, 4AD)
* '' Fordlandia'' (2008, 4AD)
* ''And in the Endless Pause There Came the Sound of Bees'' (2009, 12 Tónar, NTOV)
* '' End of Summer'' (2015, Sonic Pieces) – in collaboration with Hildur Guðnadóttir & Robert Aiki Aubrey Lowe
* '' Orphée'' (2016, Deutsche Grammophon
Deutsche Grammophon (; DGG) is a German classical music record label that was the precursor of the corporation PolyGram. Headquartered in Berlin Friedrichshain, it is now part of Universal Music Group (UMG) since its merger with the UMG family of ...
)
* '' Englabörn & Variations'' (2018, Deutsche Grammophon) ('' Englabörn'' reissue)
* '' 12 Conversations With Thilo Heinzmann'' (2019, Deutsche Grammophon) – recorded by Echo Collective
* ''Gold Dust'' (2021)
* ''Drone Mass'' (2022)
Film score albums
* ''Dís'' (2004, 12 Tónar, in Iceland; 2005, The Worker's Institute, in the US)
* ''Personal Effects'' (2009, Deutsche Grammophon)
* ''The Miners' Hymns'' (2011, 12 Tónar, FatCat)
* ''Free The Mind'' (2012, NTOV)
* ''Copenhagen Dreams'' (2012, 12 Tónar)
* '' Prisoners'' (2013, WaterTower Music)
* ''McCanick'' by John C. Waller (2014, Milan Records)
* ''I Am Here'' (with B.J. Nilsen) (2014, Ash International)
* '' The Theory of Everything'' (2014, Back Lot Music)
* '' Sicario'' (2015, Varèse Sarabande)
* '' Arrival'' (2016, Deutsche Grammophon)
* ''The Mercy'' (2018, Deutsche Grammophon)
* ''Mary Magdalene'' (2018, Milan Records)
* '' Mandy'' (2018, Lakeshore/Invada)
* '' Last and First Men'' (2020, Deutsche Grammophon)
* ''Blind Massage'' (with Jonas Colstrup) (2022, Soundtrack Magazine)
* ''The Shadow Play'' (with Jonas Colstrup) (2022, Soundtrack Magazine)
Singles
* "The Sun's Gone Dim and the Sky's Turned Black" (2006, 4AD)
Artworks
* '' Ashes and Snow'' (Gregory Colbert, 2002)
Plays
* ''Margrét Mikla'' by Kristín Ómarsdóttir (1996, Icelandic Take-away Theatre)
* ''Vitleysingarnir'' by Ólafur Haukur Símonarsson (2000, Hafnarfjördur Theater)
* ''Fireface'' by Marius Von Mayerberg (2000, RÚV)
* ''Englabörn'' by Hávar Sigurjónsson (2001, Hafnarfjördur Theater)
* ''Kryddlegin Hjörtu'' by Laura Esquivel (2002, Borgarleikhús)
* ''Viktoría og Georg'' by Ólafur Haukur Símonarsson (2002, Icelandic National Theatre)
* ''Pabbastrákur'' by Hávar Sigurjónsson (2003, Icelandic National Theatre)
* ''Jón Gabríel Borkman'' by Henrik Ibsen (2004, Icelandic National Theatre)
* ''Dínamít'' by Birgir Sigurðsson (2005, Icelandic National Theatre)
* '' Døden i Teben'' by Sophocles
Sophocles ( 497/496 – winter 406/405 BC)Sommerstein (2002), p. 41. was an ancient Greek tragedian known as one of three from whom at least two plays have survived in full. His first plays were written later than, or contemporary with, those ...
/ Jon Fosse (2008, Det Norske Teatret)
* ''Ganesh versus the Third Reich'' by Back to Back Theatre (2011, Back to Back Theatre)
Contemporary dance
* ''IBM 1401, a User's Manual'' with Erna Ómarsdóttir (2002)
* ''Mysteries of Love'' with Erna Ómarsdóttir (2005)
Filmography
Films
Documentaries
Short films
Television
See also
* List of ambient music artists
This is a list of ambient music artists. This includes artists who have either been very important to the genre or have had a considerable amount of exposure (such as those who have been on a major label). This list does not include little-known ...
References
External links
*
*
*
Biography
at Touch Music
Kitchen Motors.com
Johann Johannsson's record label
on Beggars.com
{{DEFAULTSORT:Johann Johannsson
1969 births
2018 deaths
Minimalist composers
Icelandic film score composers
Icelandic musicians
Icelandic male musicians
4AD artists
Deutsche Grammophon artists
20th-century Icelandic people
Golden Globe Award–winning musicians
Cocaine-related deaths
Drug-related deaths in Germany
Musicians from Reykjavík