João Soares de Paiva
[His name appears in medieval sources as ''Johã soarez de pauha'', ''Johã Soares de Paiva'', ''Johan Soarez de panha'', ''Joham Soares de Pavha'', or ''Joan Soares de Pávha''. Paiva is variously spelled Pavia, Pávia, Pavha, Pauha, Panha, and Paulia; Soares can also be Soarez; and João is Portuguese for John, from the ]Latin
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...
''Iohannes''/''Johannes''. (born c. 1140) was a
Portuguese poet (''
trovador'') and nobleman; often recognised as the first author in the
Galician-Portuguese language. He held lands in northern Portugal near the falls of the river
Paiva and also in
Aragon
Aragon ( , ; Spanish and ; ) is an autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. In northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces of Spain, ...
, near
Monzón,
Tudela, and
Pamplona
Pamplona (; ), historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Navarre, Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain.
Lying at near above sea level, the city (and the wider Cuenca de Pamplona) is located on the flood pl ...
, near the border with
Navarre
Navarre ( ; ; ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre, is a landlocked foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Autonomous Community, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and New Aquitaine in France. ...
, as fiefs of the
King of Aragon
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in ...
. While the Aragonese sovereign was in
Provence
Provence is a geographical region and historical province of southeastern France, which stretches from the left bank of the lower Rhône to the west to the France–Italy border, Italian border to the east; it is bordered by the Mediterrane ...
, João's Aragonese territories were invaded by
Sancho VII of Navarre
Sancho VII (; 11577 April 1234) called the Strong (, ) was King of Navarre from 1194 until his death in 1234. He was the son and heir of Sancho VI, whom he followed as the second king to hold the title of ''King of Navarre''. Sancho VII was ...
. He wrote a ''
cantiga
A ''cantiga'' (''cantica'', ''cantar'') is a medieval monophonic song, characteristic of the Galician-Portuguese lyric. Over 400 extant ''cantigas'' come from the ''Cantigas de Santa Maria'', narrative songs about miracles or hymns in praise of ...
d'escarnho'' entitled ''Ora faz ost'o senhor de Navarra'' attacking the king of Navarre for this.
The dating of this ''cantiga'' is problematic because the Aragonese king is not identified by name. If it was
Peter II, then the poem was probably written either between 1200 and 1204, during a period of conflict between Navarre and Aragon, or in September 1213, while Peter was in
Languedoc
The Province of Languedoc (, , ; ) is a former province of France.
Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately .
History
...
, where he died in the
Battle of Muret. On the other hand, it may have been written between 1214 and 1216, while the child-king
James I James I may refer to:
People
*James I of Aragon (1208–1276)
* James I of Sicily or James II of Aragon (1267–1327)
* James I, Count of La Marche (1319–1362), Count of Ponthieu
* James I, Count of Urgell (1321–1347)
*James I of Cyprus (1334†...
was staying at Monzón. However, James' good relations with Sancho make it likely that the incident occurred in the reign of Peter.
References
*Tolman, Earl Dennis
"Critical Analysis of a Cantiga d'Escarnho."''Luso-Brazilian Review'', Vol. 8, No. 2. (Winter, 1971), pp. 54–70.
Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Paiva, Joao Soares De
1140s births
13th-century Portuguese poets
Portuguese male poets
12th-century Portuguese poets
Year of death unknown