Jean Guillaume Bruguière (19 July 1749 – 3 October 1798) was a French physician, zoologist and diplomat.

Biography

Bruguière was born in

Montpellier Montpellier (; ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of France, department of ...

, France, on 19 July 1749.Comptes rendus du Congrès national des sociétés savantes: Section des sciences. (1961) page 173. Jean-Guillaume Bruguière (1749-1798) et Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (1756-1814), médecins naturalistes et voyageurs. Jean Théodoridès He was a doctor, connected to the University of Montpellier. He was interested in

invertebrate Invertebrates are animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a ''spine'' or ''backbone''), which evolved from the notochord. It is a paraphyletic grouping including all animals excluding the chordata, chordate s ...

s, mostly

snail A snail is a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name ''snail'' is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class Gas ...

s (

gastropods Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and from the land. Ther ...

). He accompanied the explorer Kerguelen-Trémarec on his first voyage to the

Antarctic The Antarctic (, ; commonly ) is the polar regions of Earth, polar region of Earth that surrounds the South Pole, lying within the Antarctic Circle. It is antipodes, diametrically opposite of the Arctic region around the North Pole. The Antar ...

in 1773. In 1790 he accompanied the entomologist Olivier on an expedition to Persia, but his poor health didn't allow him to continue. In 1792, although he was ill, he visited the Greek archipelago and the

Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...

, together with the

entomologist Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ...

Guillaume-Antoine Olivier Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (; 19 January 1756, Les Arcs near Toulon – 1 October 1814, Lyon) was a French entomologist and naturalist. Life Olivier studied medicine in Montpellier, where he became good friends with Pierre Marie Auguste Br ...

. He was asked by the French Directoire to try to set up a Franco-Persian alliance, but was unsuccessful, lacking the training of a diplomat. He died on the voyage back. He described several taxa in his book '' Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des trois Règnes de la Nature: vers, coquilles, mollusques et polypes divers'' which appeared in three volumes in 1827, long after he had died. He also wrote ''Histoire Naturelle des Vers. Vol. 1'' (1792) but he had to stop at the letter "C". Christian Hee Hwass continued his work and wrote most of it. He died in

Ancona Ancona (, also ; ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region of central Italy, with a population of around 101,997 . Ancona is the capital of the province of Ancona, homonymous province and of the region. The city is located northeast of Ro ...

in October 1798 (and not in 1799, as mentioned in some sources; there was a discrepancy due to the French revolutionary calendar). He was mainly interested in

molluscs Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...

and other invertebrates, as can be seen in the following list of the taxa he named.

Authority

He named more than 140 marine genera or species, among them: ;Genera *'' Anodontites'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Cerithium'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''Cerithium'' subg. ''Cerithium'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Corbula'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Lima Lima ( ; ), founded in 1535 as the Ciudad de los Reyes (, Spanish for "City of Biblical Magi, Kings"), is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón River, Chillón, Rímac River, Rímac and Lurín Rive ...

'', Bruguière, 1797 (mollusc) *'' Lingula'', Bruguière, 1791 (brachiopod) *'' Lucina'', Bruguière, 1797 (mollusc) *'' Oliva'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Orthoceras'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Ovula'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Terebra'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) ;Species : *'' Acanthopleura spinosa'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Anadara ovalis'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Anodontites crispata'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Arca imbricata'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Balanus crenatus'', Bruguière (crustacean) *'' Balanus perforatus'', Bruguière (crustacean) *'' Batillaria zonalis'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Beroe ovata'', Bruguière, 1789 (Ctenophora) *'' Bulla striata'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Bullia miran'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cardita ajar'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Cardium ringens'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cassidula aurisfelis'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cerithium eburneum'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Cerithium vulgatum'', Bruguière (mollusc) *'' Chaetopleura spinosa'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Concholepas concholepas'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Chondrina avenacea ''Chondrina avenacea'' is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Chondrinidae. ;Subspecies: * ''Chondrina avenacea avenacea'' (Bruguière, 1792) * ''Chondrina a ...

'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus arenatus'', Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus catus'', Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus gubernator'', Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus pulcher siamensis'', Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Diplodon granosus'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Gourmya vulgata'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Lingula anatina'', Lamarck, 1801 (brachiopod) *'' Micromelo undata'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Partula otaheitana'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Perrona nifat'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Placenta placuna'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Retusa truncatula'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Scapharca inaequivalvis'', Bruguière (mollusc) *'' Serripes groenlandicus'', Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Solatopupa similis'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Sphyradium doliolum'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Subulina octona'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Terebralia sulcata'', Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) The genus '' Bruguiera'' (mangrove trees from the family ''

Rhizophoraceae The Rhizophoraceae is a family of tropical or subtropical flowering plants. It includes around 147 species distributed in 15 genera.Setoguchi, H., Kosuge, K., & Tobe, H. (1999). Molecular Phylogeny of Rhizophoraceae Based on rbcL Gene Sequences. ...

'') was named by

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biologi ...

in his honor. Bruguière Peak in

Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean (also known as the Antarctic Ocean), it contains the geographic South Pole. ...

is named after Jean Guillaume Bruguière.

References

*Lamy, E., 1930. Les conchyliologistes Bruguière et Hwass. Journ. de Conchyl. Vol. 74.
The Taxonomicon
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruguiere, Jean Guillaume 1749 births 1798 deaths French zoologists French malacologists Conchologists French expatriates in Iran

Biography

Authority

See also

References