Jacob's Creek Bridge (1801, demolished 1833) was the first iron-chain suspension bridge built in the United States. Designed by James Finley, a local judge and inventor, it spanned Jacob's Creek, just south of Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania. Nothing of the bridge is thought to remain, but an area on the north side of Jacob's Creek – where Route 819 (Mount Pleasant Road) crosses – is still called "Iron Bridge."

History

View of the Chain Bridge The Port Folio June 1810

Iron-chain suspension bridges had been built in China, England, and elsewhere in Europe. During the 1790s Finley served as a state senator in Philadelphia (then the state capital), and frequented the

American Philosophical Society The American Philosophical Society (APS) is an American scholarly organization and learned society founded in 1743 in Philadelphia that promotes knowledge in the humanities and natural sciences through research, professional meetings, publicat ...

library. Eda Kranakis, an expert on early American suspension bridges, conjectures that Finley would have had access in Philadelphia to information about European bridges. Fayette County commissioners proposed the bridge in a March 1801 letter to the Westmoreland County board of commissioners. (Jacob's Creek forms part of the boundary between the counties.) The contract with Finley was signed in April, with each county committing to half of the $600 (

US$ The United States dollar (Currency symbol, symbol: Dollar sign, $; ISO 4217, currency code: USD) is the official currency of the United States and International use of the U.S. dollar, several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introdu ...

with inflation) cost, and specifying that the bridge be completed by December 15. John Fulton and Andrew Oliphant constructed the bridge. Iron was supplied by Isaac Meason, Finley's friend and fellow judge, who owned nearby Union Furnace and Mount Vernon Furnace. The bridge's two chain cables were made of 1-inch iron bar, wrought into links between 5 and 10 feet long, and anchored to the ground at each end. These stretched over 14-foot pyramid-shaped stone piers built on either side of the creek. Vertical suspenders dropped from the cables to support the wooden joists beneath the decking. Because the iron suspenders were graduated in length, the roadway was almost flat. Finley guaranteed the bridge to last for fifty years (except for the wooden decking). In a June 1810 article, Finley described the bridge as having a span, and a width of . He used a similar design for his Chain Bridge at Falls of Schuylkill in 1808, and secured a patent that same year."Finley's Chain Bridge," p. 442. Jacob's Creek Bridge was damaged in 1825 and rebuilt. It was replaced by a wooden bridge in 1833.

External links

1801 Chain Bridge
from Bridgemeister.
Finding Finley's Chain Bridge
from YouTube.

from Pennsylvania State University.

References

* James Finley, "Finley's Chain Bridge," ''The Port Folio'', vol. 3, no. 6, (Philadelphia: Bradford & Inskeep, June 1810), pp. 441–5

* Franklin Ellis, ''History of Fayette County'' (Philadelphia: L.H. Everts & Co., 1882). * Evelyn Abraham, "Isaac Meason, the First Ironmaker West of the Alleghenies," ''Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine'' (March 1937). * Kranakis provides a multi-chapter history, structural analysis, and survey of Finley's bridges. * * * {{Authority control Bridges completed in 1801 Suspension bridges in Pennsylvania Bridges in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania Bridges in Fayette County, Pennsylvania Demolished bridges in the United States Road bridges in Pennsylvania Chain bridges Demolished buildings and structures in Pennsylvania Wrought iron bridges in the United States