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Jacek Pałkiewicz (born 2 June 1942) is a Polish journalist, traveler and explorer. Fellow (by recommendation from
Thor Heyerdahl Thor Heyerdahl KStJ (; 6 October 1914 – 18 April 2002) was a Norwegian adventurer and ethnographer with a background in zoology, botany and geography. Heyerdahl is notable for his ''Kon-Tiki'' expedition in 1947, in which he sailed 8,000& ...
) of the prestigious London-based
Royal Geographical Society The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers), often shortened to RGS, is a learned society and professional body for geography based in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1830 for the advancement of geographical scien ...
and numerous other such societies, he is best known for his discovery of the sources of the Amazon River. Throughout his life, Pałkiewicz collaborated with many of the most respected newspapers, including ''
Corriere della Sera The ''Corriere della Sera'' (; en, "Evening Courier") is an Italian daily newspaper published in Milan with an average daily circulation of 410,242 copies in December 2015. First published on 5 March 1876, ''Corriere della Sera'' is one of I ...
'', ''
Rzeczpospolita () is the official name of Poland and a traditional name for some of its predecessor states. It is a compound of "thing, matter" and "common", a calque of Latin ''rés pública'' ( "thing" + "public, common"), i.e. '' republic'', in Engl ...
'', '' Gazzetta dello Sport'', ''
Newsweek ''Newsweek'' is an American weekly online news magazine co-owned 50 percent each by Dev Pragad, its president and CEO, and Johnathan Davis, who has no operational role at ''Newsweek''. Founded as a weekly print magazine in 1933, it was widely ...
'' and '' National Geographic''. He also authored more than 30 books documenting his expeditions and became an internationally recognized expert on
survival skills Survival skills are techniques that a person may use in order to sustain life in any type of natural environment or built environment. These techniques are meant to provide basic necessities for human life which include water, food, and shel ...
in extreme conditions.


Biography

Jacek Edward Pałkiewicz was born June 2, 1942 in a German labour camp in Immensen near Lehrte in
Lower Saxony Lower Saxony (german: Niedersachsen ; nds, Neddersassen; stq, Läichsaksen) is a German state (') in northwestern Germany. It is the second-largest state by land area, with , and fourth-largest in population (8 million in 2021) among the 16 ...
, where his mother was forcibly sent during World War II. His parents were of Polish descent. He grew up in a small town in
Masuria Masuria (, german: Masuren, Masurian: ''Mazurÿ'') is a ethnographic and geographic region in northern and northeastern Poland, known for its 2,000 lakes. Masuria occupies much of the Masurian Lake District. Administratively, it is part of the ...
in northern Poland, from where he emigrated to
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
in 1970. There he met his future wife Linda Vernola. In 1971, he joined the merchant navy of
Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Co ...
as an officer (though with no formal training). After a brief stay in
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone,)]. officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered by Liberia to the southeast and Guinea surrounds the northern half of the nation. Covering a total area of , Sierra ...
, where he worked as a diamond mine manager, he moved to
Ghana Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in Ghana–Ivory Coast border, the west, Burkina ...
where he became inspector at a goldmine. In 1972, he headed his first major expedition in which crossed the
Sahara , photo = Sahara real color.jpg , photo_caption = The Sahara taken by Apollo 17 astronauts, 1972 , map = , map_image = , location = , country = , country1 = , ...
desert on foot. Soon afterward he returned to Italy and settled in
Milan Milan ( , , Lombard language, Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the List of cities in Italy, second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4  ...
, where he graduated from a local school of journalism in 1975. Since then, Pałkiewicz has visited all the geographical zones for the documentation of small and inaccessible corners of the world. In 1975, he crossed the Atlantic Ocean alone in a lifeboatfrom
Dakar Dakar ( ; ; wo, Ndakaaru) (from daqaar ''tamarind''), is the capital and largest city of Senegal. The city of Dakar proper has a population of 1,030,594, whereas the population of the Dakar metropolitan area is estimated at 3.94 million in ...
,
Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣� ...
to Georgetown in 44 days. This kind of valuable experience in extreme conditions was followed closely by both
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeedi ...
and the Soviet cosmonauts. In 1989, he led "The Cool Pole" expedition (
Yakutsk Yakutsk (russian: Якутск, p=jɪˈkutsk; sah, Дьокуускай, translit=Djokuuskay, ) is the capital city of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located about south of the Arctic Circle. Fueled by the mining industry, Yakutsk has become one ...
Oymiakon, 1200 km) to the coldest place in
Siberia Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a part o ...
(-72 °C) with a
reindeer Reindeer (in North American English, known as caribou if wild and ''reindeer'' if domesticated) are deer in the genus ''Rangifer''. For the last few decades, reindeer were assigned to one species, ''Rangifer tarandus'', with about 10 subsp ...
sledge. In 1992, he crossed the jungle of
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
on elephants, and in 1995 crossed
Bhutan Bhutan (; dz, འབྲུག་ཡུལ་, Druk Yul ), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan,), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is situated in the Eastern Himalayas, between China in the north and India in the south. A mountai ...
on yaks. Later the same year, another of his expeditions traveled down the
Yangtze River The Yangtze or Yangzi ( or ; ) is the longest river in Asia, the third-longest in the world, and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. It rises at Jari Hill in the Tanggula Mountains (Tibetan Plateau) and flow ...
in a
sampan A sampan is a relatively flat-bottomed Chinese and Malay wooden boat. Some sampans include a small shelter on board and may be used as a permanent habitation on inland waters. The design closely resembles Western hard chine boats like ...
. He also led the 1994 Cosmonaut's International Ecological Mission in Siberia, under the patronage of
Boris Yeltsin Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin ( rus, Борис Николаевич Ельцин, p=bɐˈrʲis nʲɪkɐˈla(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ ˈjelʲtsɨn, a=Ru-Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin.ogg; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian politician wh ...
, then President of Russia. He is best known for his 1996 expedition to the
Andes The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountains (; ) are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range is long, wide (widest between 18°S – 20°S ...
. In collaboration with the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú in Lima and the
Peruvian Navy The Peruvian Navy ( es, link=no, Marina de Guerra del Perú, abbreviated MGP) is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with surveillance, patrol and defense on lakes, rivers and the Pacific Ocean up to from the Peruvian littoral. Addit ...
, he led the scientific expedition "Amazon Source '96", which established the source of the Amazon River to be the
Kiwicha ''Amaranthus caudatus'' (also known as ''Amaranthus edulis'' and ''Amaranthus mantegazzianus'') is a species of annual flowering plant. It goes by common names such as love-lies-bleeding, pendant amaranth, tassel flower, velvet flower, foxtail a ...
snowfield (5170 m) at the feet of
Mismi Mismi is a mountain peak of volcanic origin in the Chila mountain range in the Andes of Peru. A glacial stream on the Mismi was firmly identified as the most distant source of the Amazon River in 1996; this finding was confirmed in 2001 and again ...
in the Peruvian Andes. This discovery has been accepted by Lima's Geographic Society; thus certifying that this river is the longest in the world (7,040 km). In 2002, under the patronage of the government of Peru, Pałkiewicz began an expedition upstream the
Madre de Dios River The Madre de Dios River () is a river shared by Bolivia and Peru which is homonymous to the Peruvian region it runs through. On Bolivian territory it receives the Beni River, close to the town of Riberalta, which later joins with the Mamore River ...
in search of the semi-mythical city of Paititi, better known as
El Dorado El Dorado (, ; Spanish for "the golden"), originally ''El Hombre Dorado'' ("The Golden Man") or ''El Rey Dorado'' ("The Golden King"), was the term used by the Spanish in the 16th century to describe a mythical tribal chief (''zipa'') or kin ...
. Currently, he resides in Bassano del Grappa near
Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...
, where he continues to train various
special forces Special forces and special operations forces (SOF) are military units trained to conduct special operations. NATO has defined special operations as "military activities conducted by specially designated, organized, selected, trained and equip ...
and astronauts in the art of survival. Apart from the
Royal Geographical Society The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers), often shortened to RGS, is a learned society and professional body for geography based in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1830 for the advancement of geographical scien ...
, he is also a member of Società Geografica Italiana (1996), (1996) and
Russian Geographic Society The Russian Geographical Society (russian: Ру́сское географи́ческое о́бщество «РГО»), or RGO, is a learned society based in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It promotes geography, exploration and nature protection wi ...
(1996).


Bibliography

*''Beyond limits'' (Oltre ogni limite), Mursia, Milan, 1977; *''The last ocean Mohicans'' (Gli ultimi Mohicani degli oceani), Mursia, Milan, 1981; *''School of survival'' (Scuola di sopravivenza), Mursia, Milan, 1986; *''Urban survival manual'' (Manuale di sopravvivenza urbana), Mursia, Milan, 1986; *''Survival at sea'' (Scuola di sopravvivenza in mare), Mursia, Milan, 1986; *''My Borneo isle'' (II mio Borneo), Mursia, Milan, 1986; *''Passport to adven¬ture'' (Passaporto per I'avventura), Mursia, Milan 1986; *''Siberia'' (Siberia), Reverdito, Trento, 1990; *''Profession living'' (Mestiere vivere), Reverdito, Trento, 1990; *''Profession living, Reverdito, Trento, 1990; *''Urban surviving'' (Vyzivanie v gorodie), Karvet, Moscow, 1992; *''Life'' (Proffesiya zhizn), Artlik, Moscow, 1993; *''The art of survival'' (Sztuka przetrwania), Tenten, Warsaw, 1994; *''Urban survival'' (Sztuka przetrwania w miescie), Tenten, Warsaw, 1994; *''No Limits'', Bellona, Warsaw, 1996; *''Passport to adventure'' (Przepustka do przygody), Bellona, Warsaw, 1996; *''Survival at sea'' (Przetrwanie na wodzie), Bellona, Warsaw, 1997; *''Exploring for away lands'' (Po bezdrozach swiata), Morex, Warsaw, 1997; *''Terra Incognita'', Bellona, Warsaw, 1997; Survival, Bellona, Warsaw, 1998; *''Angkor'', Bellona, Warsaw, 1998; *''How to live in the urban jungle'' (Jak zyc bezpiecznie w dzungli miasta), Palkiewicz's Found, Warsaw, 2000; *''Adventure'' (Priklucheniye), Artlik, Moscow, 2001; *''Exploration'' (L'Esplorazione), Milan, 2002; *''Life's passion'' (Pasja zycia), KiW, Warsaw, 2003; *''El Dorado, hunting the legend'' (El Dorado, polowanie na legendę), Zysk i S-ka, Poznań, 2005; *''Hunting the gold El Dorado'' (V poiskah zolotogo Eldorado), AST Astrel, Moscow, 2005; *''Life's passion'' (Pasja zycia), Zysk i S-ka, Poznań, 2006; *''Syberia'' (Siberia), Zysk i S-ka, Poznań, 2007; Angkor, Zysk i S-ka, Poznań, 2007; *''Art of travelling'' (Sztuka podrozowania), Zysk i S-ka, 2008; *''Exploration'' (Eksploracja), Zysk i S-ka, 2008; *''The Amazon'' (Amazonka), Zysk i S-ka, 2009


References


External links


Jacek Pałkiewicz's website
Updated with expeditions and photos.


Source of Amazon River

* http://www.amazonia-andina.org/sites/default/files/ICAA_ISU_OrigenRioAmazonas_ElComercio_1dic10.pdf * http://www.peruviantimes.com/15/satellite-images-confirm-true-source-of-the-amazon/13676/ * http://www.rp.pl/artykul/751736.html * http://nieufnie.nowyekran.pl/post/28074,pomnik-u-zrodla-amazonki * http://tvp.info/informacje/nauka/to-palkiewicz-odkryl-zrodlo-amazonki/3751702 * http://www.rp.pl/artykul/589881_Satelita--wskazal-zrodla-Amazonki-.html * http://elcomercio.pe/peru/677548/noticia-confirmado-manantial-arequipeno-apacheta-da-origen-al-rio-amazonasrigen-al-rio-amazonas * https://web.archive.org/web/20111209011335/http://www.itogi.ru/life/2011/49/172404.html * https://web.archive.org/web/20120523232744/http://news.n7w.com/2011/09/28/2537/ * http://www.unapiquitos.edu.pe/menus/archivos/neo.pdf * http://elpais.com/diario/2008/05/26/sociedad/1211752806_850215.html * http://www.rp.pl/artykul/610928.html * http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1338333?stamp=634721830957851005 * http://www.amazonia-andina.org/sites/default/files/ICAA_ISU_OrigenRioAmazonas_ElComercio_1dic10.pdf * http://www.ng.ru/science/2010-10-27/9_palkevich.html * http://sovsekretno.ru/magazines/article/2299 * http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2008/05/14/rio-delle-amazzoni-re-dei-fiumi-vince.html


Masurian Lakes

* http://dziennikarze.nowyekran.pl/post/36763,mazury-na-finiszu * http://dziennikarze.nowyekran.pl/post/30104,apel-i-refleksje-jacka-palkiewicza * http://dziennikarze.nowyekran.pl/post/29390,episkopat-za-mazurami {{DEFAULTSORT:Palkiewicz, Jacek Polish journalists Polish explorers 1942 births Living people Polish exiles Polish emigrants to Italy