Hélio Oiticica (; July 26, 1937 – March 22, 1980) was a Brazilian

visual artist The visual arts are art forms such as painting, drawing, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics (art), ceramics, photography, video, image, filmmaking, design, crafts, and architecture. Many artistic disciplines such as performing arts, conceptual a ...

, sculptor, painter, performance artist, and theorist best known for his participation in the Neo-Concrete Movement, for his innovative use of color, and for what he later termed "environmental art," which included ''Parangolés'' and ''Penetrables,'' like the famous '' Tropicália.'' Oiticica was also a filmmaker and writer.

Early life and education

Oiticica was born in

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the Rio de Janeiro (state), state of Rio de Janeiro. It is the List of cities in Brazil by population, second-most-populous city in Brazil (after São Paulo) and the Largest cities in the America ...

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

to mother Ângela Santos Oiticica and father José Oiticica Filho, Oiticia had two younger brothers (architect) César Oiticica and Cláudio Oiticica. Oiticica's family was educated and involved in liberal politics. His father taught mathematics, was an engineer,

entomologist Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ...

, and lepidopterologist, a scientist who researched butterflies. He was also an avid photographer, creating experimental photographs that were new to Brazil. His grandfather was a well known

philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also defined as the study of ...

, who studied literary texts and written records, and published an anarchist newspaper called ''Ação Direta irect Action'' Oiticica and his brothers were taught at home until their father got a fellowship at the Guggenheim Foundation. During this time, from 1947 to 1949, the family lived in

Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...

while their father worked at the

National Museum of Natural History The National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) is a natural history museum administered by the Smithsonian Institution, located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. It has free admission and is open 364 days a year. With 4.4 ...

. Oiticica and his brothers attended Thomson Elementary School. The family returned to Brazil in 1950. Oiticica enrolled in art school at the age of 16 years. Starting in 1954, Oiticica attended courses at Museum of Modern Art, Rio de Janeiro, studying under

Ivan Serpa Ivan Ferreira Serpa (April 6, 1923–April 6, 1973) was a Brazilian painter, draftsman, printmaker, designer, and educator active in the concrete art movement. Much of his work was in geometric abstractionism. He founded Grupo Frente, which inclu ...

. In 1955, he joined Grupo Frente.

Career

Early career

Oiticica's early works, in the mid-1950s, were greatly influenced by European modern art movements, principally

Concrete art Concrete art was an art movement with a strong emphasis on geometrical abstraction. The term was first formulated by Theo van Doesburg and was then used by him in 1930 to define the difference between his vision of art and that of other abstract ar ...

and

De Stijl De Stijl (, ; 'The Style') was a Dutch art movement founded in 1917 by a group of artists and architects based in Leiden (Theo van Doesburg, Jacobus Oud, J.J.P. Oud), Voorburg (Vilmos Huszár, Jan Wils) and Laren, North Holland, Laren (Piet Mo ...

. He was a member of Grupo Frente, founded by Ivan Serpa, under whom he had studied painting. His early paintings used a palette of strong, bright

primary Primary or primaries may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Primary (band), from Australia * Primary (musician), hip hop musician and record producer from South Korea * Primary Music, Israeli record label Work ...

and secondary colours and geometric shapes influenced by artists such as

Piet Mondrian Pieter Cornelis Mondriaan (; 7 March 1872 – 1 February 1944), known after 1911 as Piet Mondrian (, , ), was a Dutch Painting, painter and Theory of art, art theoretician who is regarded as one of the greatest artists of the 20th century. He w ...

Paul Klee Paul Klee (; 18 December 1879 – 29 June 1940) was a Swiss-born German artist. His highly individual style was influenced by movements in art that included expressionism, cubism, and surrealism. Klee was a natural draftsman who experimented wi ...

and

Kazimir Malevich Kazimir Severinovich Malevich (

. Oiticica's painting quickly gave way to a much warmer and more subtle palette of oranges, yellows, reds and browns which he maintained, with some exceptions, for the rest of his life. In 1959, he became involved in the short-lived but influential Neo-Concrete Movement. The Neo-Concrete Movement rejected the objective nature of

Concrete Art Concrete art was an art movement with a strong emphasis on geometrical abstraction. The term was first formulated by Theo van Doesburg and was then used by him in 1930 to define the difference between his vision of art and that of other abstract ar ...

and sought to use

phenomenology Phenomenology may refer to: Art * Phenomenology (architecture), based on the experience of building materials and their sensory properties Philosophy * Phenomenology (Peirce), a branch of philosophy according to Charles Sanders Peirce (1839� ...

to create art that "expresses complex human realities." This was stated in the manifesto written by

Amílcar de Castro Amílcar Augusto Pereira de Castro (6 June 1920 – 21 November 2002) was a Brazilian artist, sculptor and graphic designer. Early life and education Born in Paraisópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil Amilcar de Castro was the child of a judge and ...

Ferreira Gullar José Ribamar Ferreira (September 10, 1930 – December 4, 2016), known by his pen name Ferreira Gullar, was a Brazilian poet, playwright, essayist, art critic, and television writer. In 1959, he was instrumental in the formation of the Neo-Conc ...

Franz Weissmann Franz Josef Weissmann (September 15, 1911 – July 18, 2005) was a Brazilian sculptor born in Austria, emigrating to Brazil while he was eleven years old. Geometric shapes, like cubes and squares, are strongly featured in his works. He was on ...

Lygia Clark Lygia Pimentel Lins (23 October 1920 – 25 April 1988), better known as Lygia Clark, was a Brazilian artist best known for her painting and Installation art, installation work. She was often associated with the Brazilian Constructivist moveme ...

Lygia Pape Lygia Pape (7 April 1927 – 3 May 2004) was a Brazilian visual artist, sculptor, engraver, and filmmaker, who was a key figure in the Concrete movement and a later co-founder of the Neo-Concrete Movement in Brazil during the 1950s and 1960 ...

, Reynaldo Jardim, Theon Spanudis and published in Rio de Janeiro in March 1959 called ''Manifesto neoconcreto.'' Neo-Concretism focused creating an awareness within the spectator of their spatial relationship with the artwork. The artworks themselves became akin to living organism rather than static forms; they were made to interact with viewers. During Oiticica’s Neo-Concrete period, he sought to “escape the constraints of painting while remaining in dialogue with it” by utilizing color in new ways. He painted monochromes entitled Invencoes (Inventions) in 1959. These small square wooden plaques (30 x 30 cm) were not made to represent light rather Oiticica sought to embody it. Oiticica questioned traditional ideas of aesthetics and art practices by considering the spectator and ideas of real space in his work. The group disbanded in 1961. Clark and Oiticica transitioned into conceptual art dealing with ideas of the human body and culture. Oiticica was specifically interested in what creates culture. Color became a key subject of Oiticica's work and he experimented with paintings and hanging wooden sculptures with subtle (sometimes barely perceptible) differences in colour within or between the sections. The hanging sculptures gradually grew in scale and later works consisted on many hanging sections forming the overall work, as a spatial development of his first experiments with painting.

International recognition and later work

In the 1960s, Oiticica produced a series of small box shaped interactive sculptures called Bólides (fireballs) which had panels and doors which viewers could move and explore. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s he made installations called Penetráveis (penetrables) which viewers could step into and interact with. The most influential of these was ''Tropicália'' (1967) which gave its name to the Tropicalismo movement. He also created works called ''Parangolés'' which consisted layers of fabric, plastic and matting intended to be worn like costumes but experienced as mobile sculptures. The first parangolés experiences were made together with dancers from the Mangueira Samba school, where Oiticica was also a participant. In 1965 he participated in the exhibition "Soundings two" at the Signals London gallery, with

Josef Albers Josef Albers ( , , ; March 19, 1888March 25, 1976) was a German-born American artist and Visual arts education, educator who is considered one of the most influential 20th-century art teachers in the United States. Born in 1888 in Bottrop, Westp ...

, Brancusi,

, and

Marcel Duchamp Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp (, ; ; 28 July 1887 – 2 October 1968) was a French painter, sculptor, chess player, and writer whose work is associated with Cubism, Dada, Futurism and conceptual art. He is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Pica ...

among others. In 1969 he produced an individual exhibition at

Whitechapel Art Gallery The Whitechapel Gallery is a public art gallery in Whitechapel on the north side of Whitechapel High Street, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The original building, designed by Charles Harrison Townsend, opened in 1901 as one of the fir ...

, London, curated by

Guy Brett Guy Anthony Baliol Brett (1942–2021) was an English art critic, writer and curator. He was noted for a personal vision, particularly of cultural production of an experimental character. He is known for the promotion of Latin American artists, an ...

. Oiticica named the exhibition the “Whitechapel experience”. In 1970 he participated in the exhibition "Information" at the

Museum of Modern Art The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street (Manhattan), 53rd Street between Fifth Avenue, Fifth and Sixth Avenues. MoMA's collection spans the late 19th century to the present, a ...

New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...

. During the 1970s, Oiticica increasingly devoted himself to writing and corresponded with intellectuals, artists and writers both in Brazil and abroad, including

Haroldo de Campos Haroldo Eurico Browne de Campos (19 August 1929 – 17 August 2003) was a Brazilian poet, critic, professor and translator. He is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in Brazilian literature since 1950. Biography He did his ...

Augusto de Campos Augusto de Campos (born 14 February 1931) is a Brazilian writer who (with his brother Haroldo de Campos) was a founder of the Concrete poetry movement in Brazil. He is also a translator, music critic and visual artist. Work In 1952 he founded ...

Silviano Santiago Silviano Santiago (born 29 September 1936) is a Brazilian writer, literary critic, essayist and scholar. Early life Santiago was born in the city of Formiga. At the age of ten, he moved to Belo Horizonte. In 1954, he began writing for a film ...

and

Waly Salomão Waly Dias Salomão (September 3, 1943 – May 5, 2003) was a Brazilian poet. He was born in Jequié, Bahia, to a father of Syrian origin, and a country mother. He acted on several areas of Brazilian culture as poet, songwriter and writer. Hi ...

. After living in the East Village neighborhood of

, Oiticica had issues with immigration, which led to his return to

, where he died.

Tropicalismo Movement

The Tropicalismo Movement was a creative and artistic movement that began in Brazil towards the end of the 1960s. Oiticica played a huge role in defining the movement. The Movement emphasized music and art meant to celebrate Brazilian culture and identity. It was also a protest to the oppressive military government that severely limited artistic freedom of expression. Hélio Oiticica first coined the word “Tropicàlia” in the title of an artwork exhibited in Rio de Janeiro in 1967. Oiticica used the word to create irony around the stereotypes of Brazil as a tropical paradise. Once Brazilian musician Caetano Veloso used “Tropicália” for a song title in 1968, the Tropicalismo movement took form. Oiticica’s exhibit was a pop-up structure meant to look like favelas or slums. They were surrounded by palm trees, chairs fake vines and sand. Viewers of the exhibit were encouraged to walk in and around it as freely as they chose. It was meant to inspire free expression and oppose the political climate at the time.

Living in New York

Oiticica moved to New York in 1970 after he was awarded a two-year Guggenheim Fellowship in Rio. The fellowship was connected to his participation with the Museum of Modern Art’s exhibition of Conceptual art, “Information.” When Oiticica first arrived in New York, he planned to create an installation in Central Park of his penetrable interactive paintings and sculptures first installed in Brazil. He envisioned bringing a piece of Brazil to Manhattan. The project was ultimately unsuccessful as he was unable to secure proper funding. Despite the setbacks with the Central Park project, Oiticica published art in other ways. He took art classes at New York University and experimented with film photographs. One example of his published film is a set of photographs where he gives colorful capes (made from recyclable materials), called ''parangolés,'' to unsuspecting passengers on the NYC subway. The subway riders would examine the ''parangolés'' and Oiticica would photograph them trying it on. In a different film series, Oiticica photographs a young man standing in a ''parangolé'' on the rooftops NYC buildings. The young man was Brazilian jiu jitsu master Romero Cavalcanti in 1972. His most compulsive New York art project was his East side apartment. Oiticica, who was gay, felt a sense of sexual freedom and liberation in the city. He would host parties, often with rock music and drugs, and invite men to be photographed intimately. Oiticica severely overstayed his two-year fellowship, remaining in New York for almost eight years. In that time, he faced difficulties finding connections in the art world to promote his work or resources to live in the city. It was also suspected he became slightly home sick. Facing disparity, Oiticica turned to drug dealing when he was unable to find consistent jobs.

Move back to Brazil

In 1978, Oiticica returned to Rio de Janeiro where he was berated by Immigration officials for overstaying his visa. According to his lawyer, Oiticica was also questioned about his homosexuality.

Fire

On October 17, 2009, a fire destroyed an undetermined amount of the works by Oiticica. The collection was held at the residence of his brother César Oiticica in the neighborhood of

Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro Jardim Botânico () is a wealthy residential neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, located north of Ipanema and Leblon, just across Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas and east of Gávea. Jardim Botânico lies in the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro. The ...

. In addition to paintings and the famous ''Parangolés,'' the artist's archive of material included drawings, notes, documentaries and books, which were stored in the collection. The fire took three hours to bring under control. Key works such as ''Bólides'' and ''Parangolés,'' including some shown at the 2007 Tate retrospective, were damaged. The cause of the fire is unknown. The building was equipped with fire alarms and other safety systems. Jandira Feghali, Secretary of Culture in

, called for an investigation into the causes of the fire and whether any works can be recovered. The works were stored in César Oiticica's house following a dispute over money and the adequacy of storage facilities at the Centro Municipal de Arte Hélio Oiticica. The works were uninsured. A project of restoration is in development with the ministry of culture in Brazil.

Personal life

Oiticica died on March 22, 1980 of a

stroke Stroke is a medical condition in which poor cerebral circulation, blood flow to a part of the brain causes cell death. There are two main types of stroke: brain ischemia, ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and intracranial hemorrhage, hemor ...

as a result of

hypertension Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a Chronic condition, long-term Disease, medical condition in which the blood pressure in the artery, arteries is persistently elevated. High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms i ...

. Oiticica was openly gay.

Awards

* 1969:

Sussex University The University of Sussex is a public research university located in Falmer, East Sussex, England. It lies mostly within the city boundaries of Brighton and Hove. Its large campus site is surrounded by the South Downs National Park, and provide ...

, Brighton, Resident artist * 1970:

Guggenheim Fellowship Guggenheim Fellowships are Grant (money), grants that have been awarded annually since by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, endowed by the late Simon Guggenheim, Simon and Olga Hirsh Guggenheim. These awards are bestowed upon indiv ...

, Fine Arts: Latin America & Caribbean; Painting, Sculpture, & Installation Art

Exhibitions

Group exhibitions

* 1960: "Konkrete Kunst." 50 Jahre Entwicklung, Helmhaus (Zurich) raveling exhibition* 1967: "Nova objectividade brasileira." Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro) * 1977: "Projeto construtivo brasileiro na arte. 1950–1962." Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro); Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo (São Paulo) * 1984: "Tradição e ruptura. Síntese de arte e cultura brasileras." Fundação Bienal de São Paulo (São Paulo) * 1987: "Modernidade. Art brésilien du 20e siècle." Musée d’art moderne de la Ville de Paris (Paris) * 1988–90: "The Latin American Spirit. Art and Artists in the United States, 1920–1970."

Bronx Museum of the Arts The Bronx Museum of the Arts (BxMA), also called the Bronx Museum of Art or simply the Bronx Museum, is an American cultural institution located in Concourse, Bronx, New York. The museum focuses on contemporary and 20th-century works created by ...

(New York) raveling exhibition* 1989–90: "Art in Latin America. The Modern Era, 1820–1980." The Hayward Gallery (London); Nationalmuseum / Moderna Museet (Stockholm); Palacio de Velázquez (Madrid) * 1992: "Bilderwelt Brasilien." Kunsthaus Zürich (Zurich) * 1992–93: "Artistas latinoamericanos del siglo XX." Estación Plaza de Armas (Seville); Musée national d’art moderne, Centre national d’art et de culture Georges Pompidou (Paris); Josef-Haubrich-Kunsthalle (Cologne); The Museum of Modern Art (New York) * 1994: Bienal Brasil Século XX (São Paulo) raveling exhibition* 1994: XXII Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (Special Room) (São Paulo) * 1998: XXIV Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (São Paulo) * 1998: "Hélio Oiticica e a cena americana." Centro de Arte Hélio Oiticica (Rio de Janeiro) * 1999: "The Experimental Exercise of Freedom. Lygia Clark, Gego, Mathias Goeritz, Hélio Oiticica and Mira Schendel." Museum of Contemporary Art (Los Angeles) * 2000: "Heterotopías. Medio siglo sin lugar. 1918–1968." Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía (Madrid) * 2001: "Geometric Abstraction. Latin American Art from the Patricia Phelps de Cisneros Collection." Fogg Art Museum (Cambridge, Massachusetts) * 2001–2: "Brazil: Body & Soul." Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (New York); Museo Guggenheim (Bilbao) * 2002: "Além dos pré-conceitos. Experimentos dos anos 60." Museu de Arte Moderna (São Paulo) * 2002: "PoT, 2nd Liverpool Biennial." Commercial Unit 6 (Liverpool) * 2003: "Cuasi-corpus. Arte concreto y neoconcreto de Brasil." Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Internacional Rufino Tamayo (Mexico City); Museo de Arte Contemporáneo (Monterrey) * 2003: "Geometrías. Abstracción geométrica latinoamericana en la Colección Cisneros." Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires, Fundación Costantini (Buenos Aires) * 2004: "Beyond Geometry: Experiments in Form, 1940s–70s." Los Angeles County Museum of Art (Los Angeles) * 2004: "Inverted Utopias. Avant-Garde Art in Latin America." Museum of Fine Arts (Houston, Texas) * 2005: "Colour after Klein: Re-thinking Colour in Modern and Contemporary Art." Barbican Art Gallery (London) * 2005: "Open Systems. Rethinking Art c.1970." Tate Modern (London) * 2005: "O lúdico na arte." Instituto Cultural Itaú (São Paulo) * 2005–7: "Tropicália. A Revolution in Brazilian Culture (1967–1972)." Museum of Contemporary Art (Chicago); Barbican Art Gallery, London; Centro Cultural de Belêm (Lisbon); The Bronx Museum of the Arts." (Bronx, New York) * 2006: "Cruce de miradas. Visiones de América Latina. Colección Patricia Phelps de Cisneros, Museo del Palacio de Bellas Artes, Mexico City * 2006: Bienal del Aire, Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Sofía Imber (Caracas) * 2006: XXVII Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (São Paulo) * 2006: "The Sites of Latin American Abstraction." Cisneros Fontanals Art Foundation (Miami, Florida) raveling exhibition* 2007: "Desenho construtivista brasileiro." Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro) * 2007: "New Perspectives in Latin American Art." The Museum of Modern Art (New York) * 2007: "The Geometry of Hope. Latin American Abstract Art from the Patricia Phelps de Cisneros Collection." Blanton Museum of Art, The University of Texas at Austin (Austin, Texas); Grey Art Gallery, New York University (New York) * 2008: "Face to Face. The Daros Collections." Daros Latinamerica Collection (Zurich) * 2008: "Time & Place. Rio de Janeiro 1956–1964." Moderna Museet (Stockholm) * 2008: Biennale of Sidney (Sidney) * 2008–9: "Neo Tropicália. When Lives Become Form: Contemporary Brazilian Art, 1960s to the present." Museum of Contemporary Art (Tokyo); City Museum of Contemporary Art (Hiroshima) * 2010: "Tropicália. Die 60s in Brasilien."

Kunsthalle Wien Kunsthalle Wien is the city of Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city ...

(Vienna, Austria) ** Oiticica's ''Parangolé P4 Cape 1,'' 1968 adorns the poster of the exhibition, showing a very young

Caetano Veloso Caetano Emanuel Viana Teles Veloso (; born 7 August 1942) is a Brazilian composer, singer, guitarist, writer, and political activist. Veloso first became known for his participation in the Brazilian musical movement Tropicália, which encompas ...

* 2010: IXXX Bienal Internacional de Arte de São Paulo (São Paulo) * 2010: "Das Verlangen nach Form – O Desejo da Forma. Neoconcretismo und zeitgenössische Kunst aus Brasilien." Akademie der Künste (Berlin) * 2010: "Vibración. Moderne Kunst aus Lateinamerika. The Ella Fontanals-Cisneros Collection." Bundeskunsthalle (Bonn) * 2017–2018: "Making Art Concrete: Works from Argentina and Brazil in the Colección Patricia Phelps de Cisneros."

Getty Center The Getty Center, in Los Angeles, California, United States, is a campus of the Getty Museum and other programs of the Getty Trust. The $1.3 billion center opened to the public on December 16, 1997, and is well known for its architecture, garde ...

(Los Angeles, California) (August 29, 2017 – February 11, 2018)

Solo exhibitions

* 1966: "Hélio Oiticica." Galeria G4 (Rio de Janeiro) * 1969: "Hélio Oiticica." Whitechapel Gallery (London) * 1989: "Grupo Frente e Metaesquemas." Galeria São Paulo (São Paulo) * 1989: "Mundo-abrigo." 110 Arte Contemporânea (Rio de Janeiro) atalogue* 1992–97: "Hélio Oiticica."

Witte de With Center for Contemporary Art Witte (and de Witte) are Dutch language, Dutch and Low German surnames meaning "(the) white one". Witte can also be a patronymic surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Alfred Witte (1878–1941), German astrologer * Barbara Witte (192 ...

(Rotterdam); Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume (Paris); Fundació Antoni Tàpies (Barcelona); Centro de Arte Moderna da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian (Lisbon);

Walker Art Center The Walker Art Center is a multidisciplinary contemporary art center in the Lowry Hill, Minneapolis, Lowry Hill neighborhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. The Walker is one of the most-visited modern and contemporary art museums in ...

(Minneapolis, Minnesota); Centro de Arte Hélio Oiticica (Rio de Janeiro) * 1994: "Hélio Oiticica, Lygia Clark." Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro; Museu de Arte Moderna da Bahia (Salvador da Bahia atalogue* 1996: "Grupo frente 1955–1956. Metasquemas 1957–1958." Joel Edelstein Arte Contemporânea (Rio de Janeiro) atalogue* 1999: "L. Clark, H. Oiticica, L. Pape." Conjunto Cultural da Caixa Econômica Federal (Brasília) atalogue* 2000: "Espaço de Instalações Permanentes." Museu do Açude (Rio de Janeiro) atalogue* 2001–2: "Hélio Oiticica. Quasi-Cinemas." Wexner Center for the Arts (Columbus, Ohio); Kölnischer Kunstverein (Cologne); Whitechapel Gallery (London); New Museum of Contemporary Art (New York) atalogue* 2002: "Liam Gillick: The Wood Way. Helio Oiticica: Quasi-cinema." Whitechapel Gallery (London) atalogue* 2002: "Hélio Oiticica. Obra e estratégia." Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro) atalogue* 2003: "Hélio Oiticica. Cor, imagem, poética." Centro de Arte Hélio Oiticica (Rio de Janeiro) atalogue* 2005: "Cosmococa. Programa in progress. Hélio Oiticica, Neville D’Almeida, Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires." Fundación Costantini (Buenos Aires); Centro de Arte Contemporãnea Inhotim (Brumadinho) atalogue* 2006: "Penetrável." Galeria Nara Roesler (São Paulo) rochure* 2006–7: "Hélio Oiticica: The Body of Color."

Museum of Fine Arts, Houston The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (MFAH), is an art museum located in the Houston Museum District of Houston, Texas. The permanent collection of the museum spans more than 5,000 years of history with nearly 80,000 works from six continents. Follo ...

(Houston, Texas);

Tate Modern Tate Modern is an art gallery in London, housing the United Kingdom's national collection of international Modern art, modern and contemporary art (created from or after 1900). It forms part of the Tate group together with Tate Britain, Tate Live ...

(London) atalogueref name=Tate-BodyOfColour-2007> * 2010: "Beyond Participation. Hélio Oiticica and Neville D’Almeida in New York." The Bertha and Karl Leubsdorf Art Gallery, Hunter College (New York) atalogue* 2017: "Hélio Oiticica: To Organize Delirium."

Art Institute of Chicago The Art Institute of Chicago, founded in 1879, is one of the oldest and largest art museums in the United States. The museum is based in the Art Institute of Chicago Building in Chicago's Grant Park (Chicago), Grant Park. Its collection, stewa ...

(Chicago);

Carnegie Museum of Art The Carnegie Museum of Art is an art museum in the Oakland (Pittsburgh), Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The museum was originally known as the Department of Fine Arts, Carnegie Institute and was formerly located ...

(Pittsburgh), curated by Lynn Zelevansky; and

Whitney Museum of American Art The Whitney Museum of American Art, known informally as "The Whitney", is a Modern art, modern and Contemporary art, contemporary American art museum located in the Meatpacking District, Manhattan, Meatpacking District and West Village neighbor ...

(New York) * 2018: "Helio Oiticica: Spatial Relief and Drawings - 1955-59." Galerie LeLong & Co., New York City * 2022-2023: "Hélio Oiticica: Penetrável Macaléia."

Pérez Art Museum Miami Pérez Art Museum Miami (PAMM)—officially known as the Jorge M. Pérez Art Museum of Miami-Dade County—is a contemporary art museum that relocated in 2013 to the Maurice A. Ferré Park in Downtown Miami, Florida. Founded in 1984 as the Cent ...

, curated by Jennifer Inacio.

Selected works

* (1955-1956) * (1956) * (1956) * (1956) * (1957) * (1957) *
Metaesquema 12
' at

(1957) * (1958) *
Metaesquema 362
' at

(1958) * (1958) * (1958) *
Vermelho cortando o branco
' at

(1958) *
Metaesquema
' at

(1958) * (1959) * (1959) *
Bilateral ‘Teman’ BIL 003
' at

(1959) *
Spatial Relief (red) REL 036
' at

(1959) *
Sem título (Untitled)
' at

Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía The ''Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía'' ("Queen Sofía National Museum Art Centre"; MNCARS) is Spain's national museum of 20th-century art. The museum was officially inaugurated on September 10, 1992, and is named for Queen Sofía. I ...

(1959) * (1960) *
Relevo espacial
' at

(c. 1960) *
B11 Box Bólide 09
' at

(1964) * (1964-1965) *
B17 Glass Bólide 05 ‘Homage to Mondrian’
' at

(1965) * (1965–1992) * '' Seja marginal, seja herói (Be an Outlaw, Be a Hero)'' at

Philadelphia Museum of Art The Philadelphia Museum of Art (PMA) is an List of art museums#North America, art museum originally chartered in 1876 for the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. The main museum building was completed in 1928 on Fairmount, a hill located at ...

(1967) * (1972) * (1972) * (1973) *
Penetrável Macaléia
' at the

(1978)

Works and publications

* – catalogue of an exhibition held on 25 February-6 April 1969 at the Whitechapel Gallery * * * – Pamphlet consists of stream of consciousness monologues which accompanied two slide show exhibitions discussing both the work of Neville D'Almeida and

Jimi Hendrix James Marshall "Jimi" Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942September 18, 1970) was an American singer-songwriter and musician. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential guitarists of all time. Inducted ...

* * * – Published in connection with an exhibition held from Feb. 22-Apr. 26, 1992 in Rotterdam, June 8-Aug. 23, 1992 in Paris, Oct. 1-Dec. 6, 1992 in Barcelona, Jan. 20-Mar. 20, 1993 in Lisbon, and Oct. 31, 1993-Feb. 20, 1994 in Minneapolis

References

External links

Projeto Hélio Oiticica
* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Oiticica, Hélio 1937 births 1980 deaths Brazilian male sculptors Brazilian male painters People associated with the University of Sussex Tropicália Artists from Rio de Janeiro (city) 20th-century Brazilian sculptors 20th-century Brazilian painters 20th-century Brazilian male artists Brazilian contemporary artists Brazilian gay artists Brazilian LGBTQ painters Brazilian LGBTQ sculptors Gay painters Gay sculptors 20th-century Brazilian LGBTQ people Brazilian anarchists