Hybe ( Hungarian: ''Hibbe'') is a village and

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...

in the

Liptovský Mikuláš District Liptovský Mikuláš District (''okres Liptovský Mikuláš'') is a district in the eastern part of Žilina Region of central Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by P ...

in the

Žilina Region The Žilina Region (; ; ) is one of the eight Regions of Slovakia, Slovak administrative regions and consists of 11 districts (okresy) and 315 municipalities, from which 18 have a town status. The region was established in 1923, however, in its p ...

of northern

Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's m ...

Names and etymology

The name is of

Slavic Slavic, Slav or Slavonic may refer to: Peoples * Slavic peoples, an ethno-linguistic group living in Europe and Asia ** East Slavic peoples, eastern group of Slavic peoples ** South Slavic peoples, southern group of Slavic peoples ** West Slav ...

( Slovak) origin with uncertain etymology. Possibly, it derives from the stem ''-gyb''/''-hyb''.

Proto-Slavic Proto-Slavic (abbreviated PSl., PS.; also called Common Slavic or Common Slavonic) is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all Slavic languages. It represents Slavic speech approximately from the 2nd millennium BC through the 6th ...

''gybij'', ''gybkij'', ''gybaja'', ''gybica'', Slovak ''hybký'' - unstable, flexible, the stem is present also in words like ''ohyb'' - bending, ''pohyb'' - movement, etc. The name may refer to the character of the river Hybica. The name was adopted by the

Germans Germans (, ) are the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language. The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, constitution of Germany, imple ...

before the lenition of Slavic /g/ to /h/ in Slovak ( 1200) - ''Geib''.

History

The village of Hybe was first mentioned in historical records in 1239 (''villa Hyba''). The village was founded around the end of the 12th century, as a Slovak settlement. In 1230 the village was owned by Hauk, Polk and Beuch from Uhorská Ves. In 1239, King

Béla IV of Hungary Béla IV (1206 – 3 May 1270) was King of Hungary and King of Croatia, Croatia between 1235 and 1270, and Duke of Styria from 1254 to 1258. As the oldest son of Andrew II of Hungary, King Andrew II, he was crowned upon the initiative of a group ...

took possession and associated it with the royal property. In 1396, Hybe gives from monarch market liberties and toll-free. German Sasses (likely from neighbor

Spiš Spiš ( ; or ; ) is a region in north-eastern Slovakia, with a very small area in south-eastern Poland (more specifically encompassing 14 former Slovak villages). Spiš is an informal designation of the territory, but it is also the name of one ...

) moved in during the first half of the 13th century. In 1265 Hybe purchased the rights to become a

mining Mining is the Resource extraction, extraction of valuable geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agriculture, agricultural processes, or feasib ...

city and citizens began mining gold on the base of the Mount

Kriváň Kriváň can refer to: * Kriváň (peak), peak in the High Tatras, Slovakia * Veľký Kriváň, the highest peak in Malá Fatra, Slovakia * Kriváň (village) Kriváň () is a village and municipality in Detva District, in the Banská Bystrica Re ...

. The village sign depicts a miner and a hoe, and has been unchanged since then. Mining eventually proved unsustainable due to the poor gold

lode In geology, a lode is a deposit of metalliferous ore that fills or is embedded in a fracture (or crack) in a rock formation or a vein of ore that is deposited or embedded between layers of rock. The current meaning (ore vein) dates from th ...

and high expenses incurred due to the rough terrain. Some of the gold miners went to Bocianska dolina. In 1390 Hybe became the property of the Liptov district administrator and become villein small town of domination in

Liptovský Hrádok Liptovský Hrádok (; ; ) is a town in northern Slovakia, in the region of Liptov. History First mentioned in 1341, Liptovský Hrádok was named after the nearby castle. The castle, also known as Liptovský Hrádok, was built originally for use ...

. Between the 14th and 15th centuries, mining gave way to farming and crafts. Despite villein ratio to Liptovský Hrádok, Hybe was an important farming and culture center of the top part of Liptov between the late-19th and mid-20th centuries. More than 20 kinds of crafts were in the village but the most widespread were builders, which became famous specialists at building of City of

Budapest Budapest is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns of Hungary, most populous city of Hungary. It is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, tenth-largest city in the European Union by popul ...

. Before the establishment of independent

Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech language, Czech and , ''Česko-Slovensko'') was a landlocked country in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland beca ...

in 1918, Hybe was part of

Liptó County Liptó County (, , , , ) was an administrative county ( comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northern Slovakia. Geography Liptó county shared borders with the Austrian land Galicia and the Hungarian counties Árva ...

within the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coro ...

. From 1939 to 1945, it was part of the

Slovak Republic Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's ...

Modern day

Facilities in the village currently include an infant school, elementary school, palace of culture, Evangelic church,

Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...

Church, house of Dobroslav Chrobák and library. Both churches, memorable house of Dobroslav Chrobák, memorable house of poet Jakub Grajchman, grave of Jakub Grajchman with gravestone, memorable house of Alojz Štróbl are inhere in the Central list ancient monument foundation of

, on the list: Culture monuments. Entire center of village is promulgated for national culture treasure. On the present is on the village created strong sports background, local sportsmen get awards in the slovak competitions, primarily in the

cross-country skiing Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing whereby skiers traverse snow-covered terrain without use of ski lifts or other assistance. Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a m ...

. Hybe has very good conditions for winter sports, cyclo-tourism,

tourism Tourism is travel for pleasure, and the Commerce, commercial activity of providing and supporting such travel. World Tourism Organization, UN Tourism defines tourism more generally, in terms which go "beyond the common perception of tourism as ...

in Hybe gully or into mineral springs and for mushrooms. There is situated ski lift and certified racing track. In the village is a volunteer fireman brigade. Hybe's school includes children from surrounding villages ( Vyšná Boca,

Nižná Boca Nižná Boca () is a village and municipality in Liptovský Mikuláš District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia. History In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1285. Nižná Boca Village is situated on both banks of ...

Kráľova Lehota Kráľova Lehota () is a village and municipality in Liptovský Mikuláš District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia. History In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1361. Before the establishment of independent Czecho ...

, and Malužiná). The school has a well-equipped computer class as part of Slovakia's national Infovek project. Sports available include

table tennis Table tennis (also known as ping-pong) is a racket sport derived from tennis but distinguished by its playing surface being atop a stationary table, rather than the Tennis court, court on which players stand. Either individually or in teams of ...

badminton Badminton is a racquet sport played using racket (sports equipment), racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net (device), net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per s ...

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...

, and, in winter,

hockey ''Hockey'' is a family of List of stick sports, stick sports where two opposing teams use hockey sticks to propel a ball or disk into a goal. There are many types of hockey, and the individual sports vary in rules, numbers of players, apparel, ...

Notable residents

Today's citizens of Hybe take pride in their cultural history, on men of the day, which came from Hybe and prove competent in a number of areas social and cultural life of Slovak Republic. These include: writers

Jakub Grajchman Jakub Grajchman (25 July 1822 – 9 June 1897) was a Slovak people, Slovak poet, educator, dramatist, and Romanticism, romanticist. He was also a Slovak nationalism, Slovak nationalist. Biography Grajchman was born Jakub Graichman on 25 July 18 ...

and

Dobroslav Chrobák Dobroslav Chrobák (16 February 1907, Hybe, Liptovský Mikuláš District, Hybe – 16 May 1951, Bratislava) was a Slovak writer. Life He was born in Hybe, Liptovský Mikuláš District, Hybe as the second of four kids to a family of dre ...

, writer and screenwriter

Peter Jaroš Peter Jaroš (born 22 January 1940) is a Slovak people, Slovak writer. Jaroš was born in Hybe, Liptovský Mikuláš District, Hybe to a family of a builder. From 1957 to 1962 he studied Slovak language, Slovak and Russian language, Russian at ...

, historian and writer Rudo Brtáň, poet Július Lenko, actors Ivan Rajniak, Ondrej Jariabek, Teodor Piovarči, Slavo Záhradník, director Ondrej Rajniak, director of amateur theatre Ruzena Jariabeková, academic painter Pavol Michalides, architects Ján Svetlík, Jozef Chrobák, Vladimir Chrobák, Ján Mlynár and many others.

Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 690 metres and covers an area of 52.866 km². It has a population of about 1600 people. It lies in north part of

. It is situated in

Liptov Liptov () is a historical and geographical region in central Slovakia with around 140,000 inhabitants. The area is also known by the German name ''Liptau'', the Hungarian ''Liptó'', the Latin name ''Liptovium'' and the Polish ''Liptów''. Etym ...

fold between

High Tatras The High Tatras or High Tatra Mountains (; ; ,'' Vysoki Tatry''; ; ), are a mountain range along the border of northern Slovakia in the Prešov Region, and southern Poland in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. They are a range of the Tatra Mountains ...

and

Low Tatras The Low Tatras or Low Tatra (; ) is a mountain range of the Inner Western Carpathians in central Slovakia. It is located south of the Tatras proper, from which it is separated by the valleys of the Váh and Poprad rivers (the Liptov-Spiš ...

, in valley of Hybica and White

Váh The Váh (; , ; ; Wag
w Słowniku geograficznym Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich (''in Geograph ...

Hybe in cinematography

Thanks to the works of the writer

, Hybe has been depicted in Slovak cinematography.

''Pacho the Brigand of Hybe'' (1975)

From director

Martin Ťapák Martin may refer to: Places Antarctica * Martin Peninsula, Marie Byrd Land * Port Martin, Adelie Land * Point Martin, South Orkney Islands Europe * Martin, Croatia, a village * Martin, Slovakia, a city * Martín del Río, Aragón, Spain * M ...

(screenplay from Hybe's writer Peter Jaroš). This movie is about the historical legend - brigand Pacho, who helped poor people and fought poverty, like

Juraj Jánošík Juraj Jánošík (first name also ''Juro'' or ''Jurko'', ; ''Hungarian: Jánosik György'', baptised 25 January 1688, died 17 March 1713) was a Slovak highwayman. Jánošík has been the main character of many Slovak novels, poems, and films. ...

''The Millennial Bee'' (1983)

A saga about the Pichandovci family of builders (based on the novel of Peter Jaroš), which is located in a small village in years 1887–1917. Many influential Slovak people in the social and cultural field collaborated on this movie. These include, Director

Juraj Jakubisko Juraj Jakubisko (30 April 1938 – 24 February 2023) was a Slovak film director. He directed fifteen feature films, between 1967 and 2008. He often took on the dual role of cinematographer in his films, as well as writing or co-writing the scrip ...

, Screenwriter Peter Jaroš, Music - Petr Hapka and famous Slovak actors

Michal Dočolomanský Michal Dočolomanský (25 March 1942 in Niedzica – 26 August 2008 in Bratislava Bratislava (German: ''Pressburg'', Hungarian: ''Pozsony'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of the Slovakia, Slovak Republic and the fourth la ...

(as Valent Pichanda),

Štefan Kvietik Štefan Kvietik (10 May 1934 – 21 March 2025) was a Slovak actor and politician. Early life Kvietik was born on 10 May 1934 in the village Dolné Plachtince, First Czechoslovak Republic, Czechoslovakia. As a child, he planned to study medi ...

(as Samo Pichanda), Pavol Mikulík (as Julo Mitron) and the

Academy Award The Academy Awards, commonly known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit in film. They are presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) in the United States in recognition of excellence ...

winning actor
for ''The Shop on Main Street''
Jozef Króner (as Martin Pichanda). The main part of movie was filmed in Hybe and supernumeraries are real citizens of Hybe.

Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive (Statny Archiv) in Bytca, Slovakia. * Roman Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1675-1923 (parish A) * Lutheran church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1731-1895 (parish A)

Gallery

Centrum Quo vadis - Hybe.jpg, Centrum Quo vadis Hybe - Obecný úrad.jpg, Municipality office Hybe - pamätný dom D. Chrobáka.JPG, Memory house of D. Chrobák Hybe, domo de Albert Škarvan, de dekstre.jpg, House of

Albert Škarvan Albert Škarvan (31 January 1869 – 30 March 1926) was a Slovak physician, writer, translator, and Esperantist. Biography Škarvan was born in Turdossin, Austria-Hungary (present-day Tvrdošín, Slovakia). He studied medicine in various town ...

Hybe, domo de Albert Škarvan, de maldekstre.jpg, House of Albert Škarvan Hybe evang-kostel (2014).JPG, Evangelical church Hybe - rímsko-katolícky kostol III.jpg, All Saints Roman-catholic church

Memory plates

Hybe, memortabulo de Albert Škarvan, kun fenestroj.jpg, Albert Škarvan, look to the house Hybe, memortabulo de Albert Škarvan, detalo.jpg,

Pam. tabuľa - Ján Bakoss - Hybe.jpg,

Ján Bakoss Ján is a Slovak form of the name John. Notable people named Ján * Ján Bahýľ (1856–1916), inventor * Ján Cuper (1946–2025), Slovak politician * Ján Čapkovič (born 1948), football player * Ján Čarnogurský (born 1944), Slovak poli ...

Pamät. tabuľa - Ján Šimkovic - Hybe.jpg,

Ján Šimkovic Ján is a Slovak form of the name John (name), John. Notable people named Ján * Ján Bahýľ (1856–1916), inventor * Ján Cuper (1946–2025), Slovak politician * Ján Čapkovič (born 1948), football player * Ján Čarnogurský (born 1944), ...

Pamät. tabuľa - Ľudevít Orphanides - Hybe.jpg, Ľudevít Orphanides

References

External links

* *https://web.archive.org/web/20071027094149/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html *
Surnames of living people in Hybe
{{Authority control Villages and municipalities in Liptovský Mikuláš District Liptov