The Hungarian Civil War (Hungarian: Magyar Belháború) or campaign of 1527–1528 was launched by Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria and King of Hungary and Bohemia and his Hungarian followers against the Ottoman Turks. Following the

Battle of Mohács The Battle of Mohács (; , ) took place on 29 August 1526 near Mohács, in the Kingdom of Hungary. It was fought between the forces of Hungary, led by King Louis II of Hungary, Louis II, and the invading Ottoman Empire, commanded by Suleima ...

, the Ottomans were forced to withdraw as events elsewhere in their now massive Empire required the Sultan's attention.Turnbull, Stephen. ''The Ottoman Empire 1326–1699''. New York: Osprey, 2003. pg 49 Seizing upon their absence, Ferdinand I attempted to enforce his claim as King of Hungary. In 1527 he drove back the Ottoman vassal

John Zápolya John Zápolya or Szapolyai (; ; ; ; 1487 – 22 July 1540), was King of Hungary (as John I) from 1526 to 1540. His rule was disputed by Archduke Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand I, who also claimed the title King of Hungary. He wa ...

and captured

Buda Buda (, ) is the part of Budapest, the capital city of Hungary, that lies on the western bank of the Danube. Historically, “Buda” referred only to the royal walled city on Castle Hill (), which was constructed by Béla IV between 1247 and ...

Győr Győr ( , ; ; names of European cities in different languages: E-H#G, names in other languages) is the main city of northwest Hungary, the capital of Győr-Moson-Sopron County and Western Transdanubia, Western Transdanubia region, and – halfwa ...

Komárom Komárom (Hungarian: ; or ; , later ; ) is a city in Hungary on the south bank of the Danube in Komárom-Esztergom County. Komárom fortress played an important role in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and many contemporary English sources r ...

Esztergom Esztergom (; ; or ; , known by Names of European cities in different languages: E–H#E, alternative names) is a city with county rights in northern Hungary, northwest of the capital Budapest. It lies in Komárom-Esztergom County, on the righ ...

, and

Székesfehérvár Székesfehérvár (; ; ; ; Serbian language, Serbian: ''Стони Београд''; ), known colloquially as Fehérvár (), is a city in central Hungary, and the country's ninth-largest city. It is the Regions of Hungary, regional capital of C ...

by 1528. Meanwhile, the Ottoman Sultan,

Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I (; , ; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the Western world and as Suleiman the Lawgiver () in his own realm, was the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman sultan between 1520 a ...

, took no action at this stage despite the pleas of his vassal. The civil war was preceded by Louis II of Hungary died and the Turks besieged Buda. During this era Hungary broke into 3.: Royal Hungary, Kingdom of Eastern Hungary (or Kingdom of Zápolya) and Ottoman Hungary (and some self-governing regions). In the Kingdom of Croatia in personal union with Hungary there was also a division and military conflict between the supporters of Ferdinand I and John Zápolya. Zápolya's followers invoked the decision of the Diet of the Estates, while Ferdinand's followers invoked the blood relationship between the

Árpád dynasty The Árpád dynasty consisted of the members of the royal House of Árpád (), also known as Árpáds (, ). They were the ruling dynasty of the Principality of Hungary in the 9th and 10th centuries and of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 to 130 ...

and the

House of Habsburg The House of Habsburg (; ), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most powerful Dynasty, dynasties in the history of Europe and Western civilization. They were best known for their inbreeding and for ruling vast realms throughout ...

(from the

First Congress of Vienna The First Congress of Vienna was held in 1515, attended by the Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian I, and the Jagiellonian brothers, Vladislaus II, King of Hungary and King of Bohemia, and Sigismund I, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania ...

Aftermath

On 10 May 1529,

launched his own counter-attack negating all of Ferdinand's gains. Many of the recently captured forts surrendered without resistance, greatly speeding up the advance. As a result, Suleiman was able to reach and besiege Vienna.

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hungarian Campaign Of 1527-1528 Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) Conflicts in 1527 Conflicts in 1528 Military campaigns involving the Holy Roman Empire Military campaigns involving the Ottoman Empire Wars involving Croatia 1527 in the Habsburg monarchy 1528 in the Habsburg monarchy 16th century in Hungary 1527 in the Ottoman Empire 1528 in the Ottoman Empire Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor Military campaigns involving Croatia Military history of Slovenia Wars involving Slovenia Wars involving Croatia in the early modern period