Harry Potter And The Philosopher's Stone (film)

''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' (also known as ''Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone'' in the United States, India and Philippines) is a 2001 fantasy film directed by Chris Columbus and produced by David Heyman from a screenplay by Steve Kloves. It is based on the 1997 novel '' Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' by British author J. K. Rowling. It is the first instalment in the ''Harry Potter'' film series. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint in his film debut as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson in her film debut as Hermione Granger. Its story follows Harry's first year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as he discovers that he is a famous wizard and begins his formal wizarding education.

Warner Bros. Pictures bought the film rights to the book in 1999 for a reported £1 million ($1.65 million). Production began in the United Kingdom in 2000, with Columbus being chosen to helm the film from a short list of directors that included Steven Spielberg and Rob Reiner. Rowling insisted that the entire cast be British and Irish, with the three leads chosen in August 2000 following open casting calls. Filming took place at Leavesden Film Studios and historic buildings around the United Kingdom from September 2000 to March 2001.

''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' was released to cinemas in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 10 and 11 November 2001 for two days of previews. The film opened on 16 November in the United States, Canada, and Taiwan as well as officially in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It became a critical and commercial success, grossing $974 million at the worldwide box office during its initial run and over $1 billion with subsequent re-releases against a $125 million budget. It became the highest-grossing film of 2001 and the second-highest-grossing film at the time. The film was nominated for many awards, including Academy Awards for Best Original Score, Best Art Direction and Best Costume Design. It was followed by seven sequels, beginning with '' Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets'' in 2002 and ending with ''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2'' in 2011.

Plot

Orphaned as a baby, Harry Potter is put in the care of his only living relatives, the Dursley family, by Professors Albus Dumbledore, Minerva McGonagall, and gamekeeper Rubeus Hagrid from Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. As Harry grows up, the Dursleys keep him unaware of magic and tell him his parents died in a car crash. Ahead of his eleventh birthday, letters addressed to Harry and delivered by owls keep arriving at the Dursely home, which they intercept until Hagrid is sent to confirm to Harry that he is a wizard and has been accepted to study magic at Hogwarts.

Hagrid brings Harry to purchase school supplies at Diagon Alley, where Harry learns he is celebrated for surviving the dark wizard Lord Voldemort, who murdered his parents but was unable to kill Harry, leaving him with only a scar while Voldemort was defeated. Harry then journeys aboard the Hogwarts Express, where he befriends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, while later rivaling Draco Malfoy. Arriving at Hogwarts, the first-year students are sorted into four houses; Harry, Ron and Hermione join Gryffindor, while Malfoy goes to Slytherin, known for producing dark wizards.

Harry begins learning about magic and exploring Hogwarts, where he, Ron and Hermione wander onto a forbidden corridor on the third floor, guarded by a giant three-headed dog named Fluffy, leading them to question what it could be protecting. After Ron insults Hermione's studious ways, she becomes upset and retreats to the girls' toilets at the same time Professor Quirrell announces a mountain troll is loose in the school. Harry and Ron go to warn Hermione and, finding her cornered by the troll, rescue her; Hermione subsequently saves Harry and Ron from punishment by telling McGonagall she went looking for the troll. During his first flying lesson, Harry retrieves fellow student Neville Longbottom's Remembrall from Malfoy, displaying such impressive flying skills McGonagall makes him Seeker for the Gryffindor Quidditch team. During his first match, Ron and Hermione believe they see potions professor Severus Snape jinxing Harry's broomstick, and act to prevent him harming Harry.

Harry tells Hagrid of his suspicions that Snape is trying to get into the forbidden corridor, which Hagrid dismisses while unintentionally revealing that Fluffy is guarding something known only to Dumbledore and Nicholas Flamel. Harry and Ron spend Christmas together at Hogwarts, where Harry receives the Cloak of Invisibility and discovers the Mirror of Erised, which shows one's deepest desire. When Hermione returns she informs the boys that Nicholas Flamel created the Philosopher's Stone, which can grant users immortality, and deduces is what's being kept on the third floor. Harry subsequently encounters a hooded creature feeding on unicorns in the forest surrounding the school, which a centaur called Firenze informs him was Voldemort, who is seeking immortality.

Suspecting that Snape will make a move to retrieve the stone for Voldemort, the trio decide to head him off. After getting past Fluffy, they then face challenges involving a devil's snare plant, flying keys and an enchanted chessboard, which leaves Ron incapacitated. Hermione tends to him, leaving Harry alone to confront their suspect, which turns out to be Quirrell, who in fact has been the one trying to find the stone all year while Snape has been preventing him and protecting Harry. Looking into the Mirror of Erised once again, Harry comes into possession of the stone. Quirrell reveals Voldemort's weakened form on the back of his head and he attempts to have Harry hand it over. When Harry refuses, Voldemort orders Quirrell to kill him, but Harry's touch incinerates Quirrell while Voldemort's spirit escapes.

Harry wakes up in hospital, where Dumbledore tells him the stone has been destroyed, and that Harry was able to defeat both Voldemort and Quirrell as his mother's sacrifice has left him protected from harmful magic. As the school year ends, Harry, Ron, Hermione, and Neville earn house points, enabling Gryffindor to win the House Cup despite Slytherin's early lead. As summer nears, Harry is happy to have found a real home at Hogwarts.

Cast

* Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter:
An 11-year-old orphan living with his unwelcoming aunt, uncle, and cousin, who learns of his own fame as a wizard known to have survived his parents' murder at the hands of the dark wizard Lord Voldemort as an infant when he is accepted to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Columbus had wanted Radcliffe for the role since he saw him in the BBC's production of ''David Copperfield'' before the open casting sessions had taken place but had been told by casting director Susan Figgis that Radcliffe's protective parents would not allow their son to take part in fear of him not going to have a normal childhood. Columbus explained that his persistence in giving Radcliffe the role was responsible for Figgis' resignation. Radcliffe was asked to audition in 2000 when Heyman and Kloves met him and his parents at a production of '' Stones in His Pockets'' in London. Heyman and Columbus successfully managed to convince Radcliffe's parents that their son would be protected from media intrusion. They agreed to let him play Harry. Rowling approved of Radcliffe's casting, stating that "having seen isscreen test I don't think Chris Columbus could have found a better Harry." Radcliffe was reportedly paid £1 million for the film, although he felt the fee was "not that important" to him. The Saunders triplets appear as Harry as a baby.
* Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley:
Harry's best friend at Hogwarts and a younger member of the Weasley wizarding family. A fan of the series, Grint decided he would be perfect for the part "because e hasginger hair". Having seen a '' Newsround'' report about the open casting he sent in a video of himself rapping about how he wished to receive the part. His attempt was successful as the casting team asked for a meeting with him.
* Emma Watson as Hermione Granger:
Harry's other best friend and the trio's brains. Watson's Oxford theatre teacher passed her name on to the casting agents and she had to do over five interviews before she got the part. Watson took her audition seriously, but "never really thought hehad any chance of getting the role." The producers were impressed by Watson's self-confidence and she outperformed the thousands of other girls who had applied.
* John Cleese as Nearly Headless Nick: The ghost of Gryffindor House.
* Robbie Coltrane as Rubeus Hagrid:
A half-giant and Hogwarts' gamekeeper. Coltrane was one of the two actors Rowling wanted most, along with Smith as McGonagall. Coltrane, who was already a fan of the books, prepared for the role by discussing Hagrid's past and future with Rowling.
* Warwick Davis as Filius Flitwick: The Charms Master and head of Ravenclaw House. Davis also plays two other roles in the film: the Goblin Head Teller at Gringotts, and dubs the voice of Griphook, who is embodied by Verne Troyer.
* Richard Griffiths as Vernon Dursley: Harry's Muggle uncle.
* Richard Harris as Albus Dumbledore: Hogwarts' Headmaster and one of the most famous and powerful wizards of all time. Harris initially rejected the role, only to reverse his decision after his granddaughter stated she would never speak to him again if he did not take it.
* Ian Hart as Quirinus Quirrell:
The stuttering Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher at Hogwarts. Hart also voiced Lord Voldemort, while Richard Bremmer provided his physical appearance and portrayed him as a hooded figure during a flashback.
* John Hurt as Mr. Ollivander: a highly regarded wandmaker and the owner of Ollivanders.
* Alan Rickman as Severus Snape: The Potions Master and head of Slytherin House.
* Fiona Shaw as Petunia Dursley: Harry's Muggle aunt.
* Maggie Smith as Minerva McGonagall: The Deputy Headmistress, head of Gryffindor and transfiguration teacher at Hogwarts. Smith was one of the two actors Rowling wanted most, along with Coltrane as Hagrid.
* Julie Walters as Molly Weasley: Ron's mother. She shows Harry how to get to Platform .

Additionally, Zoë Wanamaker appears as Madame Hooch, Hogwarts' flying instructor and Quidditch referee; Tom Felton portrays Draco Malfoy, a student in Slytherin and Harry's rival. Harry Melling plays Dudley Dursley, Harry's Muggle cousin; and David Bradley appears as Argus Filch, Hogwarts' caretaker. Matthew Lewis, Devon Murray and Alfred Enoch portray Neville Longbottom, Seamus Finnigan and Dean Thomas respectively, three first year students in Gryffindor; James and Oliver Phelps play twins Fred and George Weasley, Ron's brothers, while Chris Rankin appears as his other brother Percy, a Gryffindor prefect, and Bonnie Wright appears as Ron's sister Ginny. Sean Biggerstaff portrays Oliver Wood, the Keeper of the Gryffindor Quidditch team; Jamie Waylett and Joshua Herdman play Crabbe and Goyle, Malfoy's minions; and Leslie Phillips voices the Sorting Hat. Derek Deadman plays Tom, innkeeper of The Leaky Cauldron; and Elizabeth Spriggs appears as the Fat Lady, a painting at Hogwarts. Jean Southern plays dimpled woman on train.

Production

Development

In 1997, producer David Heyman searched for a children's book that could be adapted into a well-received film. He had planned to produce Diana Wynne Jones' novel '' The Ogre Downstairs'', but his plans fell through. His staff at Heyday Films then suggested '' Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', which his assistant believed was "a cool idea." Heyman pitched the idea to Warner Bros. and in 1999, Rowling sold the company the rights to the first four ''Harry Potter'' books for a reported £1million. A demand Rowling made was for Heyman to keep the cast strictly British and Irish; the latter's case has Richard Harris as Albus Dumbledore and Fiona Shaw as Petunia Dursley, and not to cast foreign actors unless absolutely necessary, like casting of French and Eastern European actors in '' Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire'' (2005) where characters from the book are specified as such. Rowling was hesitant to sell the rights because she "didn't want to give them control over the rest of the story" by selling the rights to the characters, which would have enabled Warner Bros. to make non-author-written sequels.

Although Steven Spielberg initially negotiated to direct the film, he declined the offer. Spielberg reportedly wanted the adaptation to be an animated film, with American actor Haley Joel Osment to provide Harry Potter's voice, or a film that incorporated elements from subsequent books as well. Spielberg contended that, in his opinion, it was like "shooting ducks in a barrel. It's just a slam dunk. It's just like withdrawing a billion dollars and putting it into your personal bank accounts. There's no challenge". Rowling maintains that she had no role in choosing directors for the films and that " yone who thinks I could (or would) have 'veto-ed' him pielbergneeds their Quick-Quotes Quill serviced". Heyman recalled that Spielberg decided to direct '' A.I. Artificial Intelligence'' (2001) instead. In a 2023 interview, Spielberg stated that he turned down the project so he could spend time with his family.

After Spielberg left, talks began with other directors, including Chris Columbus, Terry Gilliam, Jonathan Demme, Mike Newell (who would later direct the fourth film), Alan Parker, Wolfgang Petersen, Rob Reiner, Ivan Reitman, Tim Robbins, Brad Silberling, M. Night Shyamalan, David Fincher and Peter Weir. Shyamalan declined as he already working on '' Signs'' (2002). Petersen and Reiner both pulled out of the running in March 2000, and the choice was narrowed down to Silberling, Columbus, Parker and Gilliam.

Rowling's first choice director was Gilliam, but Warner Bros. chose Columbus, citing his work on other family films such as ''Home Alone'' (1990) and '' Mrs. Doubtfire'' (1993) as influences for their decision. Columbus had become a fan of the book series after his daughter persuaded him to read the first three books, leading him to call his agent to arrange a meeting at Warner Bros. to direct the film. When his agent told him that at least 25 other directors were eager to helm the project, Columbus requested his agent to secure his meeting to be the last one so he could give a "lasting impression" and be the studio's "freshest person in their memory".

During two weeks of waiting, Columbus wrote a 130-page director's version of the screenplay to explain his vision for the film's tone. The day of his meeting with Warner Bros. executives including Alan F. Horn, Columbus delivered an "impassioned 45-minute talk" and showed them his annotated script. Weeks later, the studio notified Columbus that he had got the job and sent him to Scotland to meet with Rowling and Heyman. Columbus pitched his vision of the film for two hours, stating that he wanted the Muggle scenes "to be bleak and dreary" but those set in the wizarding world "to be steeped in color, mood, and detail." He took inspiration from David Lean's adaptations of '' Great Expectations'' (1946) and '' Oliver Twist'' (1948), wishing to use "that sort of darkness, that sort of edge, that quality to the cinematography," while being further inspired by the colour designs from '' Oliver!'' (1968) and ''The Godfather'' (1972).

Steve Kloves was selected to write the screenplay. He described adapting the book as "tough", as it did not "lend itself to adaptation as well as the next two books". Kloves often received synopses of books proposed as film adaptations from Warner Bros., which he "almost never read", but ''Harry Potter'' jumped out at him. He went out and bought the book, and became an instant fan of the series. When speaking to Warner Bros., he stated that the film had to be British, and had to be true to the characters. Kloves was nervous when he first met Rowling as he did not want her to think he was going to " estroyher baby". Rowling admitted that she "was really ready to hate this Steve Kloves," but recalled her initial meeting with him: "The first time I met him, he said to me, 'You know who my favourite character is?' And I thought, You're gonna say Ron. I know you're gonna say Ron. But he said 'Hermione.' And I just kind of melted". Rowling received a large amount of creative control, an arrangement that Columbus did not mind.

Warner Bros. had initially planned to release the film over 4 July 2001 weekend, making for such a short production window that several proposed directors pulled themselves out of the running. Due to time constraints, the date was put back to 16 November 2001.

Casting

Rowling insisted that the cast be kept British. Susie Figgis was appointed as casting director, working with both Columbus and Rowling in auditioning the lead roles of Harry, Ron and Hermione. Open casting calls were held for the main three roles, with only British children being considered. The principal auditions took place in three parts, with those auditioning having to read a page from the novel, then to improvise a scene of the students' arrival at Hogwarts, and finally to read several pages from the script in front of Columbus. Scenes from Columbus' script for '' Young Sherlock Holmes'' (1985) were also used in auditions. On 11 July 2000, Figgis left the production, complaining that Columbus did not consider any of the thousands of children they had auditioned "worthy". She ended up quitting over disagreements with Columbus over who should play the titular character, as Columbus wanted to cast Americans for Harry and the other roles, with rumors that Columbus was thinking on casting Joel Osment or Jake Lloyd from '' Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace'' (1999) to play Harry.

By August 2000, Alan Rickman and Richard Harris were in final talks to play Severus Snape and Albus Dumbledore, respectively, and were confirmed later that month. Tim Roth was the original choice for Snape, but he turned it down for '' Planet of the Apes'' (2001). Sean Connery and Christopher Lee were offered the role of Dumbledore, but both declined. Lee turned it down for '' The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (2001). Patrick McGoohan was also offered the role, which he declined citing health reasons.

On 14 August 2000, Rowling's favourites Maggie Smith and Robbie Coltrane were cast as Minerva McGonagall and Rubeus Hagrid. According to Figgis, Robin Williams was interested in playing the role of Hagrid, but was turned down for the role because of the "strictly British and Irish actors only" rule which Columbus was determined to maintain.

On 21 August 2000, Daniel Radcliffe and newcomers Rupert Grint and Emma Watson were selected to play Harry Potter, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, respectively. According to Columbus, Harry was the hardest role to cast. Hundreds of young stars auditioned for Harry, including Liam Aiken, Jamie Campbell Bower(who was later cast as a young Gellert Grindelwald in the seventh film), Tom Felton (who also auditioned for Ron, and was later cast as Draco Malfoy), Nicholas Hoult, William Moseley, and Jack Whitehall. Aiken was reported as being a frontrunner for the role, having worked with Columbus on the film '' Stepmom'' (1998). However, Rowling was firm on her British actors only rule, and even called Columbus to confirm that Aiken would not be cast. Gabriel Thomson was also initially reported as having been given the role, though this would be proven untrue upon the casting of Radcliffe.

Hatty Jones, who starred in the title role in '' Madeline'' (1998), was considered for the role of Hermione Granger and had auditioned alongside Watson; she was later deemed outgrown. Katy B also auditioned for Hermione, with Thomas Brodie-Sangster auditioning for the role of Ron.

In November 2000, Julie Walters and John Cleese joined the cast as Molly Weasley and Nearly-Headless Nick, respectively. Rosie O'Donnell met with Columbus to express her interest in playing the role of Molly, but was, like Williams and Aiken, turned away over the British actors only rule. David Thewlis auditioned for Quirinus Quirrell; he would later be cast as Remus Lupin in '' Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban'' (2004). Rowling herself was considered for Lily Evans; Harry's mother, but she turned down the role so Geraldine Somerville was cast.

Filming

Two British film industry officials requested that the film be shot in the United Kingdom, offering their assistance in securing filming locations, the use of Leavesden Film Studios, as well as changing the UK's child labour laws (adding a small number of working hours per week and making the timing of on-set classes more flexible). Warner Bros. accepted their proposal.

Principal photography began on 29 September 2000 at Leavesden Film Studios. Filming at the North Yorkshire's Goathland railway station took place on 2 October 2000. Canterbury Cathedral and Scotland's Inverailort Castle were both touted as possible locations for Hogwarts; Canterbury rejected Warner Bros. proposal due to concerns about the film's "pagan" theme. Alnwick Castle and Gloucester Cathedral were eventually selected as the principal locations for Hogwarts, with some scenes also being filmed at Harrow School. Other Hogwarts scenes were filmed in Durham Cathedral over a two-week period; these included shots of the corridors and some classroom scenes. Oxford University's Divinity School served as the Hogwarts Hospital Wing, and Duke Humfrey's Library, part of the Bodleian, was used as the Hogwarts Library.

Filming for Privet Drive took place on Picket Post Close in Bracknell, Berkshire. Filming in the street took two days instead of the planned single day, so payments to the street's residents were correspondingly increased. For all the subsequent film's scenes set in Privet Drive, filming took place on a constructed set in Leavesden Film Studios, which proved to be cheaper than filming on location. London's Australia House was selected as the location for Gringotts Wizarding Bank, while Christ Church, Oxford, was the location for the Hogwarts trophy room. London Zoo's Reptile House was used as the location for the scene in which Harry accidentally sets a snake on Dudley, with King's Cross Station also being used as the book specifies. Filming concluded on 23 March 2001, with final work being done in July 2001.

Because the American title was different, all scenes that mention the philosopher's stone by name had to be shot twice, once with the actors saying "philosopher's" and once with "sorcerer's". The children filmed for four hours and then did three hours of schoolwork. They developed a liking for fake facial injuries from the makeup staff. Radcliffe was initially meant to wear green contact lenses as his eyes are blue, and not green like Harry's, but the lenses gave Radcliffe extreme irritation. Upon consultation with Rowling, it was agreed that Harry could have blue eyes. Radcliffe said that the first time he put on the glasses it set off his allergies.

Columbus said the film had a lot of cuts and was filmed with multiple cameras because he had trouble getting the young cast to "stop smiling" into the camera.

The steam engine used in the film as the Hogwarts Express was GWR 4900 Class 5972 ''Olton Hall'', but it was originally not the first locomotive to be selected as the Hogwarts Express. To promote the books, the Southern Railway locomotive 34027 ''Taw Valley'' was repainted and renamed temporarily, but was rejected by director Chris Columbus as looking 'too modern' for the film.

Design and special effects

Judianna Makovsky served as the costume designer. She re-designed the Quidditch robes, having initially planned to use those shown on the cover of the American book, but deemed them "a mess". Instead, she dressed the Quidditch players in "preppie sweaters, 19th-century fencing breeches and arm guards". Production designer Stuart Craig built the sets at Leavesden Studios, including Hogwarts Great Hall, basing it on many English cathedrals. Although originally asked to use an existing old street to film the Diagon Alley scenes, Craig decided to build his own set, comprising Tudor, Georgian and Queen Anne architecture.

Columbus originally planned to use both animatronics and CGI animation to create the magical creatures, including Fluffy. Nick Dudman, who worked on '' Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace'', was given the task of creating the needed prosthetics, with Jim Henson's Creature Shop providing creature effects. John Coppinger stated that the magical creatures that needed to be created had to be designed multiple times. The film features nearly 600 special effects shots, involving numerous companies. Industrial Light & Magic created Lord Voldemort's face on the back of Quirrell, Rhythm & Hues animated Norbert (Hagrid's baby dragon); and Sony Pictures Imageworks produced the Quidditch scenes.

Music

James Horner was initially sought to compose the score, but declined the opportunity. Having previously collaborated with Columbus on the ''Home Alone'' films and ''Stepmom'', John Williams was selected to compose the score in August 2000. Williams composed the score at his homes in Los Angeles and Tanglewood before recording it in London in September 2001. One of the main themes is entitled " Hedwig's Theme"; Williams retained it for his finished score as "everyone seemed to like it," and it became a recurring theme throughout the series.

Differences from the book

Columbus repeatedly checked with Rowling to make sure he was getting minor details correct. Kloves described the film as being "really faithful" to the book. He added dialogue, of which Rowling approved. One of the lines originally included had to be removed after Rowling told him that it would directly contradict an event in the then-unreleased fifth ''Harry Potter'' novel '' Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix''.

Several minor characters were removed from the film version, most prominently Peeves the poltergeist. Rik Mayall was cast, but his scenes were cut and never released. The book's first chapter, told from the viewpoint of Vernon and Petunia Dursley, is absent from the film. Harry and Draco's first encounter in Madam Malkin's robe shop and the midnight duel are not in the film. In the film, the responsibility of taking Norbert away is given to Dumbledore, while in the book, Harry and Hermione have to bring him by hand to Charlie Weasley's friends. This necessitated a change in the detention plotline: in the book, Filch catches Harry and Hermione leaving the Astronomy Tower and puts them in detention with Neville and Malfoy, while in the film, all three protagonists receive detention after Malfoy finds them in Hagrid's hut after hours. According to Kloves, this was "the one part of the book that owlingfelt easily could be changed". The Quidditch pitch is altered from a traditional stadium to an open field circled by spectator towers.

The book's timeline is not enforced in the film. In the book, Harry's eleventh birthday is in 1991. On the film set for 4 Privet Drive, Dudley's certificates from primary school bear the year 2001.

Distribution

Marketing

The first teaser poster of the film was released on 1 December 2000. The first teaser trailer was released via satellite on 2 March 2001 and debuted in cinemas with the release of '' See Spot Run''. A video game based on the film was released on 15 November 2001 by Electronic Arts for several consoles. A port for the game, for the GameCube, PlayStation 2, and Xbox, was released in 2003. Mattel won the rights to produce toys based on the film, to be sold exclusively through Warner Bros. stores. Hasbro also produced products, including confectionery products based on those from the series. Warner Bros. signed a deal worth US$150million with Coca-Cola to promote the film, although some pegged the deal at $40 million-$50 million worldwide for the movie. Lego produced a series of sets based on buildings and scenes from the film, as well as a ''Lego Creator'' video game.

Theatrical release

''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' had its world premiere at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on 4 November 2001, with the cinema arranged to resemble Hogwarts School.

The film had previews in the United Kingdom on 1,137 screens at 491 theatres on 10 and 11 November 2001. It officially opened on 16 November 2001 on 1,168 screens at 507 theatres in the United Kingdom and Ireland; in 3,672 theatres in the United States and Canada. It was the widest release at the time in the United Kingdom and the United States.

Home media

''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' was first released on VHS and DVD on 11 May 2002 in the United Kingdom and 28 May 2002 in the United States.
Between May and June 2002, the film sold 10million copies, almost 60% of which were DVD sales. It would go on to make $19.1 million in rentals, surpassing '' The Fast and the Furious'' for having the largest DVD rentals. This record was surpassed by '' The Bourne Identity'' in January 2003.

In December 2009, a 4-disc "Ultimate Edition" was released, with seven minutes of deleted scenes added back in, the feature-length special ''Creating the World of Harry Potter Part 1: The Magic Begins'', and a 48-page hardcover booklet. The extended version has a running time of about 159 minutes, which had previously been shown during certain television airings. The film was re-released on DVD as part of the 8-disc ''Harry Potter: The Complete 8-Film Collection'' in November 2011, and on Blu-ray as part of the 31-disc ''Hogwarts Collection'' in April 2014. It was released on UHD Blu-ray as part of the 16-disc ''Harry Potter: 8-Film Collection'' in November 2017.

Reception

Box office

In the United Kingdom and Ireland, ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' grossed a record single day gross of £3.6million during the first day of previews, beating ''Toy Story 2''s record. It grossed a record £3.1million for a Sunday, bringing its total to £6.7million from the previews. It broke the record for the highest-opening weekend ever, both including and excluding previews, making £16.3million with and £9.6million without previews ($13.8 million), setting a further record single day gross on the Saturday with £3.99million. It set another Sunday record with a gross of £3.6million. It had a record second weekend of £8.4 million. It remained at number one in the UK for five weeks. The film went on to make £66.1million in the UK alone, making it the country's second-highest-grossing film of all-time (after '' Titanic''), until it was surpassed by '' Mamma Mia!''.

In the United States and Canada, it made $32.3million on its opening day, breaking the single-day record previously held by '' Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace'' (1999). On the second day of release, the film's gross increased to $33.5million, breaking the record for biggest single day again. It made $90.3million during its first weekend, breaking the record for highest-opening weekend of all time that was previously held by '' The Lost World: Jurassic Park'' (1997). It held the record until the following May when ''Spider-Man'' (2002) made $114.8million in its opening weekend. Plus, the film broke '' Batman Forever''s record for having the largest opening weekend for a Warner Bros. film. It would hold this record for two years until it was surpassed by '' The Matrix Reloaded'' (2003). Additionally, it shattered other opening records, surpassing '' Monsters, Inc.'' for having the biggest November opening weekend, '' Planet of the Apes'' for having the largest non-holiday opening weekend, the highest Friday gross and the biggest opening weekend of the year, '' The Mummy Returns'' for scoring the highest Saturday gross, '' Home Alone 2: Lost in New York'' (1992) for having the highest opening weekend for a Chris Columbus film and '' Mission: Impossible 2'' (2000) for having the largest number of screenings, playing at 3,672 theaters. In just five days, it became the fastest film to approach the $100million mark. The film grossed $2.3 million in its first two days in Taiwan, giving it a worldwide opening weekend total of $107 million. The film held onto the number 1 spot at the US box office for three consecutive weekends before getting overtaken by '' Ocean's Eleven''. The film also had the highest-grossing 5-day (Wednesday-Sunday) Thanksgiving weekend record of $82.4million, holding the title for twelve years until both '' The Hunger Games: Catching Fire'' (2013) and '' Frozen'' (2013) surpassed it with $110.1million and $94million respectively. By Christmas, it went on to become the highest-grossing film of the year, dethroning ''Shrek''.

Similar results were achieved across the world. A week after opening in the United States, the film added 15 additional markets and set an opening week record in Germany, grossing $18.7 million. It also set opening records in Austria, Brazil, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and German-speaking Switzerland. In the following weekend, after expanding to 31 countries, the film set a record overseas weekend gross of $60.9 million, including record openings in Australia, Greece, Israel, Japan ($12.5 million), New Zealand and Spain. It set another overseas weekend record with $62.3 million from 37 countries the following weekend, including record openings in France, Italy and French-speaking Switzerland. The international opening weekend record would be held until it was given to '' Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones'' (2002) a year later. During its theatrical run, the film earned $974million at the worldwide box office, $317million of that in the US and $657million elsewhere, which made it the second-highest-grossing film in history at the time, as well as the year's highest-grossing film. In addition, it surpassed ''Twister'' (1996) to become the highest-grossing Warner Bros. film of all time. It is the second-highest-grossing ''Harry Potter'' film after '' Deathly Hallows – Part 2''. Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold over 55.9million tickets in the US and Canada.

In August 2020, ''The Philosopher's Stone'' was re-released in several countries, including a 4K 3D restoration in China, where it earned $26.4million, for a global $1.026billion, making it the second film in the series to surpass the billion-dollar mark, after ''Deathly Hallows – Part 2''.

Critical response

On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of based on reviews, with an average rating of . The site's critical consensus reads, "''Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone'' adapts its source material faithfully while condensing the novel's overstuffed narrative into an involving – and often downright exciting – big-screen magical caper." On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score of 65 out of 100, based on 36 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews. Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.

Roger Ebert called ''Philosopher's Stone'' "a classic," giving the film four out of four stars, and particularly praising the Quidditch scenes' visual effects. Praise was echoed by both ''The Telegraph'' and ''Empire'' reviewers, with Alan Morrison of the latter naming it the film's "stand-out sequence". Brian Linder of ''IGN'' also gave the film a positive review, but concluded that it "isn't perfect, but for me it's a nice supplement to a book series that I love". Although criticising the final half-hour, Jeanne Aufmuth of '' Palo Alto Online'' stated that the film would "enchant even the most cynical of moviegoers." ''USA Today'' reviewer Claudia Puig gave the film three out of four stars, especially praising the set design and Robbie Coltrane's portrayal of Hagrid, but criticised John Williams' music, stating the "overly insistent score lacks subtlety and bludgeons us with crescendos", and concluded that "ultimately many of the book's readers may wish for a more magical incarnation."

The sets, design, cinematography, effects and principal cast were all given praise from Kirk Honeycutt of ''The Hollywood Reporter'', although he deemed John Williams' score "a great clanging, banging music box that simply will not shut up." Todd McCarthy of '' Variety'' compared the film positively with ''Gone with the Wind'' and put "The script is faithful, the actors are just right, the sets, costumes, makeup and effects match and sometimes exceed anything one could imagine." Jonathan Foreman of the ''New York Post'' recalled that the film was "remarkably faithful," to its literary counterpart as well as a "consistently entertaining if overlong adaptation."

Richard Corliss, of ''Time'' magazine, considered the film a "by the numbers adaptation," criticising the pace and the "charisma-free" lead actors. CNN's Paul Tatara found that Columbus and Kloves "are so careful to avoid offending anyone by excising a passage from the book, the so-called narrative is more like a jamboree inside Rowling's head." Ed Gonzalez of ''Slant Magazine'' wished that the film had been directed by Tim Burton, finding the cinematography "bland and muggy," and the majority of the film a "solidly dull celebration of dribbling goo." Elvis Mitchell of ''The New York Times'' was highly negative about the film, saying " he filmis like a theme park that's a few years past its prime; the rides clatter and groan with metal fatigue every time they take a curve." He also said it suffered from "a lack of imagination" and wooden characters, adding, "The Sorting Hat has more personality than anything else in the movie."

Accolades

''Philosopher's Stone'' received three Academy Award nominations: Best Art Direction, Best Costume Design, and Best Original Score for John Williams. The film was also nominated for seven BAFTA Awards: Best British Film, Best Supporting Actor for Robbie Coltrane, Best Costume Design, Best Production Design, Best Makeup and Hair, Best Sound, and Best Visual Effects. It won a Saturn Award for Best Costume, and was nominated for eight more awards. It won other awards from the Casting Society of America and the Costume Designers Guild. It was nominated for the AFI Film Award for its special effects, and the Art Directors Guild Award for its production design. It received the Broadcast Film Critics Award for Best Family Film, and was nominated for Best Child Performance (for Daniel Radcliffe) and Best Composer. In 2005, the American Film Institute nominated the film for AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores.

References

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Harry Potter And The Philosopher's Stone
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2000s children's fantasy films
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American fantasy adventure films
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