, native_name_lang = ara , image = جامع الخضر في الموصل.jpg , image_upright = 1.4 , alt = , caption = The destroyed Green Mosque in

Mosul Mosul ( ar, الموصل, al-Mawṣil, ku, مووسڵ, translit=Mûsil, Turkish: ''Musul'', syr, ܡܘܨܠ, Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate. The city is considered the second large ...

, pictured in 2017. , map_type = Iraq , map_size = 240 , map_alt = , map_relief = 1 , map_caption = Location in

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

, coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , religious_affiliation = Islam , locale = , location =

, deity = , rite = , sect = , tradition = , festival = , cercle = , sector = , municipality = , district = , territory = , prefecture = , state = , province = , region = , country = , administration = , consecration_year = , organisational_status =

Mosque A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a Place of worship, place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers (sujud) ...

, functional_status = Destroyed , heritage_designation = , ownership = , governing_body = , leadership = , bhattaraka = , patron = , website = , architect = , architecture_type =

Islamic architecture Islamic architecture comprises the architectural styles of buildings associated with Islam. It encompasses both secular and religious styles from the early history of Islam to the present day. The Islamic world encompasses a wide geographic ...

, architecture_style = , founded_by = , creator = , funded_by = , general_contractor = , established = 1151 CE , groundbreaking = , year_completed = , construction_cost = , date_destroyed = 2015 , facade_direction = , capacity = , length = , width = , width_nave = , interior_area = , height_max = , dome_quantity = , dome_height_outer = , dome_height_inner = , dome_dia_outer = , dome_dia_inner = , minaret_quantity = , minaret_height = , spire_quantity = , spire_height = , site_area = , temple_quantity = , monument_quantity = , shrine_quantity = , inscriptions = , materials = , elevation_m = , elevation_footnotes = , nrhp = , designated = , added = , refnum = , footnotes = The Green Mosque ( ar, جامع الخضر) was a historic

mosque A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a Place of worship, place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers (sujud) ...

located in

. The mosque dates back to the 12th century and witnessed many renovations since then. The mosque was also known for having many names each based on its own story. It was located on the downtown of the city of Mosul at the Corniche Street, facing the riverbank of

Tigris The Tigris () is the easternmost of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, and empties into the ...

. The mosque was destroyed by the

Islamic State of Iraq and Levant An Islamic state is a state that has a form of government based on Islamic law (sharia). As a term, it has been used to describe various historical polities and theories of governance in the Islamic world. As a translation of the Arabic term ...

in 2015.

Etymology

The mosque was known as Al-Mujahidi Mosque ( ar, جامع المجاهدي) until the 14th century in the honor of the ruler and the patron of the mosque Mujahid al-Din Qaimaz. The mosque was also known as Al-Rabad Mosque ( ar, جامع الربض) which literally means the mosque of the outskirts. This was due to the mosque was fulfilled the need of the mosque for the people living in the outskirts of Mosul, with the Great Mosque of Al-Nuri and the Umayyad Mosque being overcrowded for congregational prayer. As such, the green mosque was considered the third choice for the

Friday Prayer In Islam, Friday prayer or Congregational prayer ( ar, صَلَاة ٱلْجُمُعَة, ') is a prayer (''ṣalāt'') that Muslims hold every Friday, after noon instead of the Zuhr prayer. Muslims ordinarily pray five times each day accordin ...

as it was situated outside the Mosul wall.داعش" يفجّر مسجداً يعود للقرن 9 للهجرة في الموصل
''Al-Arabiya''. Retrieved January 6, 2018. The mosque begun to be called as Green Mosque later as green was considered the most prestigious color among the people of Mosul. But it was called as Red Mosque ( ar, جامع الاحمر) as well because the prayer room was painted in red. These last two names had been predominantly popular recently.

History

Foundation of the mosque dates back to 1151. The first

was held before the completion in 1154, as Mujahid completed the building of

musholla Jamatkhana (from fa, جماعت خانه , literally "congregational place") is an amalgamation derived from the Arabic word ''jama‘a'' (gathering) and the Persian word ''khana'' (house, place). It is a term used by some Muslim communities a ...

(prayer room) first. When the mosque was completed, it was larger than it had been today. Mujahid took care of the mosque well with maintenance and providing decorations of

Islamic calligraphy Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy, in the languages which use Arabic alphabet or the alphabets derived from it. It includes Arabic, Persian, Ottoman, and Urdu calligraphy.Chapman, Caroline (2012). ...

with a font which was unseen on the other mosques. The other decorations were done by plaster and some of the finest examples were decorations on top of the

mihrab Mihrab ( ar, محراب, ', pl. ') is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the '' qibla'', the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca towards which Muslims should face when praying. The wall in which a ''mihrab'' appears is thus the "qibla ...

. The dome topping the musholla was colored in green-ish blue. The mosque was mentioned by the renowned historian

Ali ibn al-Athir Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ash-Shaybānī, better known as ʿAlī ʿIzz ad- Dīn Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī ( ar, علي عز الدین بن الاثیر الجزري) lived 1160–1233) was an Arab or Kurdish historian ...

as a large and one of the most beautiful mosques. It was also visited by the renowned geographer

Ibn Jubayr Ibn Jubayr (1 September 1145 – 29 November 1217; ar, ابن جبير), also written Ibn Jubair, Ibn Jobair, and Ibn Djubayr, was an Arab geographer, traveller and poet from al-Andalus. His travel chronicle describes the pilgrimage he made to M ...

in 1184, who prayed there and praised the architectural accomplishment. During the time of Tatar and Mongolian Invasion, the mosque was neglected and suffered the damage from decay. However, from 1718, the

Ottoman Ottoman is the Turkish spelling of the Arabic masculine given name Uthman ( ar, عُثْمان, ‘uthmān). It may refer to: Governments and dynasties * Ottoman Caliphate, an Islamic caliphate from 1517 to 1924 * Ottoman Empire, in existence fro ...

wali A wali (''wali'' ar, وَلِيّ, '; plural , '), the Arabic word which has been variously translated "master", "authority", "custodian", "protector", is most commonly used by Muslims to indicate an Islamic saint, otherwise referred to by t ...

Ali Pasha had begun refurbishing the mosque again. This condition was succeeded until the end of the 20th century by the ministry of endowment and religious affairs. In the 21st century, the mosque had begun suffering from the lack of proper maintenance, which was warned by the

imam Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, se ...

and preacher of the mosque Tariqi Hamdun. After the

Iraq War {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Iraq War {{Nobold, {{lang, ar, حرب العراق (Arabic) {{Nobold, {{lang, ku, شەڕی عێراق ( Kurdish) , partof = the Iraq conflict and the War on terror , image ...

, the mosque became active again for holding events such as the Quran Memorization Contest with the cooperation of Directory of Endowment and Sunna in

Nineveh Nineveh (; akk, ; Biblical Hebrew: '; ar, نَيْنَوَىٰ '; syr, ܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ, Nīnwē) was an ancient Assyrian city of Upper Mesopotamia, located in the modern-day city of Mosul in northern Iraq. It is located on the eastern b ...

.تكريم القراء والمجودين العراقيين في جامع الخضر بالموصل.
''Masajed Iraq''. Retrieved January 6, 2018. However, it was destroyed by the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant in 2014-2015 strapped by the explosives.

References

{{Authority control 12th-century mosques Mosques in Mosul Demolished buildings and structures in Iraq Destroyed mosques Buildings and structures destroyed by ISIL Buildings and structures demolished in 2015

Etymology

History

See also

References