Fordham Manor is a neighborhood located in the western

Bronx The Bronx ( ) is the northernmost of the five Boroughs of New York City, boroughs of New York City, coextensive with Bronx County, in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. It shares a land border with Westchester County, New York, West ...

New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...

. Fordham is roughly bordered by East 196th Street to the north, the Harlem River to the west, Fordham Road to the south, and Southern Boulevard to the east. The neighborhood's primary thoroughfares are Fordham Road and Grand Concourse. Fordham Manor is located within Bronx Community Board 5 and Bronx Community Board 7, and its ZIP Codes include 10453, 10457, 10458 and 10468. Its main subway line is the IND Concourse Line (), operating under the Grand Concourse, with the IRT Jerome Avenue Line () on its western border. The area is patrolled by the

New York City Police Department The City of New York Police Department, also referred to as New York City Police Department (NYPD), is the primary law enforcement agency within New York City. Established on May 23, 1845, the NYPD is the largest, and one of the oldest, munic ...

's 46th Precinct. New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) property in the area is patrolled by P.S.A. 7 at 737 Melrose Avenue in the Melrose section of the Bronx. The neighborhood is home to the original, Rose Hill campus of

Fordham University Fordham University is a Private university, private Society of Jesus, Jesuit research university in New York City, United States. Established in 1841, it is named after the Fordham, Bronx, Fordham neighborhood of the Bronx in which its origina ...

History

Jan Arcer, a Dutch settler (who

anglicized Anglicisation or anglicization is a form of cultural assimilation whereby something non-English becomes assimilated into or influenced by the culture of England. It can be sociocultural, in which a non-English place adopts the English language ...

his name to John Archer), established a community at what is now 225th Street near the Harlem River in 1666. Archer owned 3900 acres of land which Francis Lovelace, the colonial governor of New York approved for settlement. The area known as "Fordham Manor" was 6 square miles. This was called a Patent, making Archer "Lord of the Manor". Sixteen families established farms in the area. The Manor lasted from 1671 to 1762. Archer chose the name Fordham for his community, which may have been a reference to its location near a shallow crossing ("ford") of the Bronx River, or may have been a reference to John Fordham, a fourteenth-century English priest.

Old Fordham Village

Old Fordham Village is a section of Fordham that dates back to the English colonial era. It is centered on the intersection of the Grand Concourse and Fordham Road. Fordham Village extends north to about 196th Street, south to about 187th Street, east to Southern Boulevard, and west to Jerome Avenue. The section's origins date back to about 1751, when Fordham Manor was built on what was called Rose Hill. Most of the estate is part of the Rose Hill Campus of

. Besides the main manor house and other side buildings on the campus, other historic buildings and noted homes still exist within Old Fordham Village. For example, American poet

Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe (; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American writer, poet, editor, and literary critic who is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales involving mystery and the macabre. He is widely re ...

spent his final years with his wife

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

in a cottage in Fordham, which is still standing in Poe Park. The nearby Fordham University Church bell is named "old Edgar" and may have been the inspiration for his poem The Bells. In the 18th century, the Kings Road went through Old Fordham Village, an area of rural estates and small farms, linking Colonial New York and towns and villages north toward

Boston Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeas ...

. It was a minor rest stop for travelers and coaches, where many springs fed The Mill Brook that crossed this road. During the

American Revolution The American Revolution (1765–1783) was a colonial rebellion and war of independence in which the Thirteen Colonies broke from British America, British rule to form the United States of America. The revolution culminated in the American ...

, it was a critical crossing point for Gen.

George Washington George Washington (, 1799) was a Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father and the first president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. As commander of the Continental Army, Washington led Patriot (American Revoluti ...

Continental Army The Continental Army was the army of the United Colonies representing the Thirteen Colonies and later the United States during the American Revolutionary War. It was formed on June 14, 1775, by a resolution passed by the Second Continental Co ...

retreating toward White Plains to safely escape from New York while being chased by the Colonial British and Hessian Forces. There were many American Patriots that lived in this area. After the revolution, the Kings Road was renamed the Boston Post Road, becoming an important thoroughfare for a growing new nation. In the 19th century, with the building of the White Plains Line (later the Harlem Line of the

New York Central Railroad The New York Central Railroad was a railroad primarily operating in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The railroad primarily connected New York metropolitan area, gr ...

) and a small station, Old Fordham Village began to grow. Local farmers and dairymen were able to use the railroad to send their products to a growing New York City. Part of the Mill Brook was dammed up north of the village, and a large pond and ice house were built for shipping and cold storage. It provided fresh ice for the community and the railroad. In 1838, a wealthy New York City Irish Catholic real estate magnate named Andrew Carrigan (1804-1872) bought the 100-acre Rose Hill estate, located east of the village, for the sole purpose of selling it to his close friend John Joseph Hughes (1797-1864), who at the time was coadjutor bishop of the Diocese of New York. Hughes purchased the estate from Carrigan in 1839 for $29,750, and founded St. Joseph's Seminary (1840) and St. Joseph's College (1841) (later Fordham University) on the property. In 1846 Hughes deeded St. Joseph's College over to the Roman Catholic Jesuit Order (Society of Jesus) for $40,000, but retained title to the seminary property (about 9 acres of land). The seminary was closed in 1859. Today, a small south-west portion of the former Rose Hill estate is known as Rose Hill Park. West of the village, on the other side of Fordham Hill, the Bathgate Estate was built; it was later acquired by wealthy stock speculator Leonard Jerome. He built the Jerome Park Racetrack, where the first

Belmont Stakes The Belmont Stakes is an American Graded stakes race, Grade I stakes Thoroughbred racing, race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds run at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. It is run over the worldwide classic distance of . Colt (horseracing), Colt ...

was held, on his estate. West of the station in the village area, the Fordham Hotel and Taverine would provide basic needs for visitors to the college and the racetrack.

After 1900

For the most part, Old Fordham Village remained rural until about 1900, when New York City began to expand. Early mass transit to the suburbs changed the area of what is Fordham today. Old Fordham Village and the surrounding area would become part of the borough of

the Bronx The Bronx ( ) is the northernmost of the five Boroughs of New York City, boroughs of New York City, coextensive with Bronx County, in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. It shares a land border with Westchester County, New York, West ...

within

. Many remaining farms and estates were sold to developers who built houses and sizable apartment buildings. The formerly quiet little village became a major business and transportation hub. In this area of Fordham, Boston Post Road was renamed Fordham Road and became part of U.S. Route 1 in 1926. The rebuilding of the railroad right of way at Fordham, and most of Webster Avenue, eliminated The Mill Brook and water pond, but the side streets of Old Fordham Village remain active. Fordham was a predominantly

middle class The middle class refers to a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy, often defined by occupation, income, education, or social status. The term has historically been associated with modernity, capitalism and political debate. C ...

White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...

(of Irish and

Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

origins) neighborhood from the 1920s through the late 1970s, when many families moved to the suburbs or the

Los Angeles Los Angeles, often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, most populous city in the U.S. state of California, and the commercial, Financial District, Los Angeles, financial, and Culture of Los Angeles, ...

area, or retired to

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

. Belmont was formerly a portion of Fordham and South Fordham. On January 9, 2022, a high-rise fire tore through an apartment building in Fordham. At least 19 people were killed, including nine children, and at least 60 other people were injured, including 32 with life-threatening injuries. It was the third-deadliest residential fire in the U.S. since 1978.

Demographics

Fordham has a population of around 43,394 people. Its first growth was in the 1920s, when

middle-class The middle class refers to a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy, often defined by occupation, income, education, or social status. The term has historically been associated with modernity, capitalism and political debate. Commo ...

and

working-class The working class is a subset of employees who are compensated with wage or salary-based contracts, whose exact membership varies from definition to definition. Members of the working class rely primarily upon earnings from wage labour. Most c ...

families from Manhattan flocked into the area, attracted by the then-modern housing and convenient subway access by Concourse, Jerome Avenue, and Third/Webster Avenues lines to business districts in

Manhattan Manhattan ( ) is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the Boroughs of New York City, five boroughs of New York City. Coextensive with New York County, Manhattan is the County statistics of the United States#Smallest, larg ...

where they could work and shop. It is now predominantly Latino American and

African American African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from an ...

. There is a significant historic Italian and Albanian population as well. Fordham is divided into two sections: Community District 5, south of Fordham Road, comprising Fordham South, and Community District 7, north of Fordham Road, comprising Fordham North. Most inhabitants of Community District 5 are youth and middle-aged adults: 28% are between 0–17, 29% between 25 and 44, and 23% between 45 and 64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 12% and 8% respectively. Similarly, most inhabitants of Community District 7 are youth and middle-aged adults: 26% are between the ages of between 0–17, 31% between 25 and 44, and 23% between 45 and 64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 11% and 9% respectively. As of 2017, the median household income in Community District 5 was $30,166, and the median household income in Community District 7 was $35,355. In 2018, an estimated 34% of Fordham South residents lived in poverty, compared to 25% in all of the Bronx and 20% in all of New York City. One in eight residents (13%) were unemployed, compared to 13% in the Bronx and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 65% in Fordham South, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 58% and 51% respectively. In 2018, an estimated 26% of Fordham North residents lived in poverty, compared to 25% in all of the Bronx and 20% in all of New York City. One in seven residents (14%) were unemployed, compared to 13% in the Bronx and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 61% in Fordham North, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 58% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, , both areas are considered low-income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying.

Land use and terrain

Fordham is dominated by 5- and 6-story apartment buildings, often set flush to the sidewalk. Many of the apartments on the Grand Concourse are taller. The New York Botanical Garden and the

Wildlife Conservation Society The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) is a global 501(c)(3) organization, 501(c)(3) non-governmental organization, headquartered at the Bronx Zoo in New York City, with a mission to save "wildlife and wild places across the globe". Founded in ...

's Bronx Zoo, both inside Bronx Park, collectively occupy dozens of acres of land within the neighborhood.

maintains its historic original campus on much of the former Rose Hill Manor in the center of the neighborhood. It is one of the largest "green" campuses in New York City, and its traditional collegiate gothic architecture often serves as a backdrop for television and film productions. The Fordham Road Business Improvement District operates on the northern border of the neighborhood. This retail district is the longest in the Bronx. Fordham is split into two community districts: Community District 5 south of Fordham Road and Community District 7 north of Fordham Road. Community District 5, which comprises southern Fordham South, had 136,151 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 79.9 years. Community District 7, which comprises Fordham South and Bedford Park, had 148,163 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 79.4 years. Both figures are lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.

Police and crime

Fordham is patrolled by two precincts of the NYPD. Fordham South is served by the 46th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 2120 Ryer Avenue. Fordham North is patrolled by the 52nd Precinct of the NYPD, located at 3016 Webster Avenue. The 46th Precinct ranked 27th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010, while the 52nd Precinct ranked 49th safest. , with a non-fatal assault rate of 126 per 100,000 people in Fordham South and 97 per 100,000 people in Fordham North, Fordham's rate of

violent crime A violent crime, violent felony, crime of violence or crime of a violent nature is a crime in which an offender or perpetrator uses or threatens to use harmful Force (law), force upon a victim. This entails both crimes in which the violence, vio ...

s per capita is greater than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rates of 1,033 per 100,000 people in Fordham South and 583 per 100,000 people in Fordham Road are both higher than that of the city as a whole. The 46th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 74.6% between 1990 and 2022. The precinct reported 17 murders, 34 rapes, 384 robberies, 729 felony assaults, 218 burglaries, 611 grand larcenies, and 219 grand larcenies auto in 2022. The 52nd Precinct also has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 76.1% between 1990 and 2022. The precinct reported 14 murders, 37 rapes, 410 robberies, 598 felony assaults, 192 burglaries, 666 grand larcenies, and 254 grand larcenies auto in 2022.

Fire safety

Fordham contains two

New York City Fire Department The New York City Fire Department, officially the Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) is the full-service fire department of New York City, serving all Boroughs of New York City, five boroughs. The FDNY is responsible for providing Fi ...

(FDNY) fire stations. Engine Co. 48/Ladder Co. 56/Division 7 is located at 2417 Webster Avenue, while Engine Co. 75/Ladder Co. 33/Battalion 19 is located at 2175 Walton Avenue.

Health

preterm birth Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the Childbirth, birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks Gestational age (obstetrics), gestational age, as opposed to full-term delivery at approximately 40 weeks. Extreme preterm is less than 28 ...

s in Fordham South and births to teenage mothers in both Fordham South and North are more common than in other places citywide, though preterm births in Fordham North are less common. In Fordham South, there were 93 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 35.3 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide). In Fordham North, there were 85 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 30.3 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide). Both areas have a relatively high population of residents who are uninsured. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 14% in Fordham South and 16% in Fordham North, higher than the citywide rate of 12%. The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, is in Fordham South and in Fordham North, more than the city average. Sixteen percent of Fordham South residents and twelve percent of Fordham North residents are smokers, which is higher than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers. In Fordham South, 34% of residents are obese, 16% are diabetic, and 27% have

high blood pressure Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms itself. It is, however, a major ri ...

—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively. In Fordham North, 33% of residents are obese, 19% are diabetic, and 35% have high blood pressure. In addition, 24% of children in Fordham South and 25% of children in Fordham North are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%. Seventy-eight percent of residents in Fordham South and eighty-four percent in Fordham North eat some fruits and vegetables daily, which is less than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 67% of residents in both Fordham South and North described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", lower than the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket, there are 20 bodegas in Fordham South and 18 in Fordham North. The nearest hospitals are Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center in Claremont, James J. Peters VA Medical Center in Kingsbridge Heights, and St Barnabas Hospital in Belmont.

Post office and ZIP Codes

Fordham is divided into four ZIP Codes by the north-south Grand Concourse and the west-east East 183rd Street. Counterclockwise from southwest, these zip codes are 10453, 10457, 10458 and 10468. The

United States Postal Service The United States Postal Service (USPS), also known as the Post Office, U.S. Mail, or simply the Postal Service, is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the executive branch of the federal governmen ...

operates the Jerome Station post office at 2549 Jerome Avenue.

Education

Fordham generally has a lower rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city . In Fordham South, 10% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, while 34% have less than a high school education and 46% are high school graduates or have some college education. In Fordham North, 23% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, while 32% have less than a high school education and 45% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 26% of Bronx residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher. The percentage of Fordham South students excelling in math rose from 19% in 2000 to 43% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 24% to 28% during the same time period. The percentage of Fordham North students excelling in math also rose from 21% in 2000 to 48% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 28% to 33% during the same period. Fordham South and Fordham North's rates of elementary school student absenteeism are higher than the rest of New York City. 30% of elementary school students in Fordham South and 28% in Fordham North missed twenty or more days per

school year An academic year, or school year, is a period that schools, colleges and universities use to measure the duration of studies for a given educational level. Academic years are often divided into academic terms. Students attend classes and do rel ...

, higher than the citywide average of 20%. Additionally, 66% of high school students in Fordham South and 70% of high school students in Fordham North graduate on time, lower than the citywide average of 75%.

Schools

Fordham contains the following public elementary schools: * PS 33 Timothy Dwight (grades PK–5) * PS/IS 54 (grades PK–5) * PS 159 Luis Muñoz Marin Biling (grades K–5) * PS 246 Poe Center (grades K–5) * Academy for Personal Leadership and Excellence (grades PK–8) The Jonas Bronck Academy serves grades 6–8. The Rose Hill campus of

, which is the university's oldest campus, is located in Fordham. The campus is home to Fordham College at Rose Hill, the Gabelli School of Business, and a division of the School of Professional and Continuing Studies, as well as the Graduate Schools of Arts and Sciences and Religion and Religious Education. Monroe College, a private for-profit college, has been located in Fordham since 1967, and is near the Fordham shopping district.

Library

The

New York Public Library The New York Public Library (NYPL) is a public library system in New York City. With nearly 53 million items and 92 locations, the New York Public Library is the second-largest public library in the United States behind the Library of Congress a ...

(NYPL) operates the Bronx Library Center at 310 East Kingsbridge Road. The Bronx Library Center opened in 2006 and is the Bronx's largest NYPL branch.

Transportation

Subway and railroad service is provided by the

New York City Subway The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system in New York City serving the New York City boroughs, boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx. It is owned by the government of New York City and leased to the New York City Tr ...

and

Metro-North Railroad The Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company , also branded as MTA Metro-North Railroad and commonly called simply Metro-North, is a suburban commuter rail service operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), a New York State publ ...

, respectively. * Fordham Road station () * Kingsbridge Road station () * 182nd–183rd Streets () * Fordham Road station () * Fordham Station ( Metro-North) The following

MTA Regional Bus Operations MTA Regional Bus Operations (RBO) is the Public transport bus service, bus operations division of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority in New York City. The MTA operates local, limited-stop, express, and Select Bus Service (bus rapid transit ...

bus routes serve Fordham: *: to Riverdale or Mott Haven (via Grand Concourse) *: to Kingsbridge Heights or Mott Haven (via Grand Concourse) *: to Riverdale or Washington Heights, George Washington Bridge (via University Avenue) *: to Riverdale or West Farms Square – East Tremont Avenue station () (via Kingsbridge Road) * (Including Select Bus Service): to Bay Plaza Shopping Center or Inwood – 207th Street station () (via Fordham Road– Pelham Parkway) *: to The Hub (via Third Avenue) *: to New York Botanical Garden or Riverbank State Park (via Southern Boulevard & East 149th Street) *: to Port Morris (via Prospect-Crotona Avenues) *: to Bedford Park or Castle Hill (via Castle Hill Avenue) *: to Co-op City (via Gun Hill Road) *: to Woodlawn (via Bainbridge Avenue) *: to Bay Plaza Shopping Center (via Gun Hill Road) (Sunday nights only) * (Including Select Bus Service): to Williamsbridge or Third Avenue – 149th Street station (, via Webster Avenue) Fordham is also served by the following Bee-Line Bus System routes to

Westchester County, New York Westchester County is a County (United States), county located in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of New York (state), New York, bordering the Long Island Sound and the Byram River to its east and the Hudson River on its west. The c ...

: * BL60: to White Plains, New York (via Boston Road) *BL61: to

Port Chester, New York Port Chester is a administrative divisions of New York#Village, village in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York and the largest part of the town of Rye (town), New York, Rye in Westchester County, New York, Westchester County by populati ...

(via Boston Road) *BL62: to White Plains, New York (via Boston Road)

References

External links

*
Bronx Zoo Official Website

New York Botanical Garden Official Website
{{Bronx Neighborhoods in the Bronx 1666 establishments in the Province of New York