(Exult, rejoice), K. 165, is a 1773

motet In Western classical music, a motet is mainly a vocal musical composition, of highly diverse form and style, from high medieval music to the present. The motet was one of the preeminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. According to the Eng ...

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791) was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition and proficiency from an early age ...

History

This religious

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motet was composed when Mozart was staying in Milan during the production of his opera '' Lucio Silla'' which was being performed there in the Teatro Regio Ducale. It was written for the castrato Venanzio Rauzzini, who had sung the part of the '' primo uomo'' Cecilio in ''Lucio Silla'' the previous year. While waiting for the end of the run (from 26 December 1772 to 25 January 1773), Mozart composed the motet for his singer, whose technical excellence he admired. Its first performance took place at the Theatine Church on 17 January 1773, while Rauzzini was still singing in Mozart's opera at night. Mozart made some revisions around 1780. On 30 May 1779, a

Trinity Sunday Trinity Sunday is the first Sunday after Pentecost in the Western Christianity, Western Christian liturgical year, liturgical calendar, and the Sunday of Pentecost in Eastern Christianity. Trinity Sunday celebrates the Christian doctrine of the ...

, a revised version was performed by Francesco Ceccarelli at the Holy Trinity Church, Salzburg. Another revised version was intended for Christmas. The manuscripts of the two Salzburg versions were discovered in 1978 in St. Jakob, Wasserburg am Inn. While in modern times the motet is usually sung by a female

soprano A soprano () is a type of classical singing voice and has the highest vocal range of all voice types. The soprano's vocal range (using scientific pitch notation) is from approximately middle C (C4) = 261 Hertz, Hz to A5 in Choir, choral ...

, it was also recorded by a number of countertenors, including Michael Maniaci, Franco Fagioli and . The autograph manuscript of the motet is preserved in the Jagiellonian Library.

Structure

It has four sections: #Exsultate jubilate – Allegro ( F major) #Fulget amica dies – Secco recitative #Tu virginum corona – Andante ( A major) #Alleluja – Allegro (F major) Musicologist

Stanley Sadie Stanley John Sadie (; 30 October 1930 – 21 March 2005) was a British musicologist, music critic, and editor. He was editor of the sixth edition of the '' Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'' (1980), which was published as the first edition ...

called the final section, "Alleluia", "a jewel of a piece with its high spirits and its wit ... like no other piece of Mozart's; its music speaks unmistakably of his relaxed high spirits at the time he wrote it and of the elation and confidence that his opera-house success had brought him". Although nominally for liturgical use, the motet has many features in common with Mozart's concert arias, such as those drawn from his operas. Mozart also used elements of concerto form in this motet.

Instrumentation

The motet is scored for

solo, 2

oboe The oboe ( ) is a type of double-reed woodwind instrument. Oboes are usually made of wood, but may also be made of synthetic materials, such as plastic, resin, or hybrid composites. The most common type of oboe, the soprano oboe pitched in C, ...

s (or 2

flutes The flute is a member of a family of musical instruments in the woodwind group. Like all woodwinds, flutes are aerophones, producing sound with a vibrating column of air. Flutes produce sound when the player's air flows across an opening. In th ...

bassoon The bassoon is a musical instrument in the woodwind family, which plays in the tenor and bass ranges. It is composed of six pieces, and is usually made of wood. It is known for its distinctive tone color, wide range, versatility, and virtuosity ...

, 2 natural horns in F, organ, 1st and 2nd violins and

viola The viola ( , () ) is a string instrument of the violin family, and is usually bowed when played. Violas are slightly larger than violins, and have a lower and deeper sound. Since the 18th century, it has been the middle or alto voice of the ...

cello The violoncello ( , ), commonly abbreviated as cello ( ), is a middle pitched bowed (sometimes pizzicato, plucked and occasionally col legno, hit) string instrument of the violin family. Its four strings are usually intonation (music), tuned i ...

, and

double bass The double bass (), also known as the upright bass, the acoustic bass, the bull fiddle, or simply the bass, is the largest and lowest-pitched string instrument, chordophone in the modern orchestra, symphony orchestra (excluding rare additions ...

. The occasionally divided viola section gives the orchestra a richer sound. This is something Mozart did more often, for example in his Sinfonia Concertante KV 364 in E-flat major for violin, viola and orchestra.

Libretto

Written in Latin, the author of the text is unknown but may have been Rauzzini.K-165
Britannica.com

Revisions

The text of the first Salzburg version differs in the first and second section. The second Salzburg version differs from the previous only in the first section.

Recordings

* On '' Great Mass in C minor, K. 427'', 1990 CD and DVD, Arleen Auger, Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra,

Leonard Bernstein Leonard Bernstein ( ; born Louis Bernstein; August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American conductor, composer, pianist, music educator, author, and humanitarian. Considered to be one of the most important conductors of his time, he was th ...

conducting CD recordings on

period instruments In the historically informed performance movement, musicians perform classical music using restored or replicated versions of the instruments for which it was originally written. Often performances by such musicians are said to be "on authentic ...

include: * Emma Kirkby, Christopher Hogwood, Academy of Ancient Music. Mozart. Label: l'Oiseau-Lyre, 1983. Salzburg version. * Rosmarie Hofmann, Peter Sigrist, Orchestra of the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis. Mozart. ''Motetten für Sologesang und Orchester''. Label: MD&G, 1989. * Barbara Bonney, Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Concentus Musicus Wien. Mozart. Label: Teldec, released 1990. * Doris Hagel, Doris Hagel, Capella Weilburgensis. Mozart. Label: Profil, 2004. * Carolyn Sampson, Robert King, The King's Consort. Mozart. ''Exsultate jubilate!''. Label: Hyperion Records, 2005. * Michael Maniaci, Martin Pearlman, Boston Baroque. Mozart. ''Arias for Male Soprano''. Label: Telarc, 2009. * Danielle de Niese, Charles Mackerras, Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment. Mozart. ''The Mozart Album''. Label: Decca Classics, released 2009. * Susan Gritton, Andrew Nethsingha, St John’s Sinfonia. Mozart. Label: Chandos Records, 2011. * Julia Lezhneva, Giovanni Antonini, Il Giardino Armonico. Vivaldi, Handel, Porpora, Mozart. Label: Decca Classics, 2012. * Teresa Wakim, Harry Christophers, Handel and Haydn Society. Haydn, Mozart. '' Coronation Mass''. Label: Coro, 2012. * Carolyn Sampson, Masaaki Suzuki, Bach Collegium Japan. Mozart. Label: BIS Records, 2015. Version with flutes. * Francesca Lombardi Mazzulli, Marcello Scandelli, Ensemble Autarena. Carlo Lenzi, Mozart. ''Sacred Music in Lombardy 1770-80''. Label: Pan Classics, 2015. * Aksel Rykkvin, Nigel Short, Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment. Bach, Handel, Mozart. ''Aksel!: Arias by Bach, Handel & Mozart''. Label: Signum Classics, 2016. ''Alleluia'' movement only. * Tara Erraught, Peter Whelan, Irish Baroque Orchestra. Pierre van Maldere, Thomas Arne, Tommas Tommaso Giordani, Johann Christian Fischer, J. C. Bach, Mozart. ''The Trials of Tenducci: A Castrato in Ireland''. Label: Linn, 2020. * Robin Johannsen, Giulio Prandi, Coro e Orchestra Ghislieri. J. C. Bach, Mozart, Giovanni Andrea Fioroni, Melchiorre Chiesa. ''Mozart in Milan: Sacred Music around the Exsultate, jubilate''. Label: Arcana, 2022.

References

External links

"''Motetto'': "
Mozart's autograph manuscript in the Jagiellonian Library * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Exsultate Jubilate Motets by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 1773 compositions Compositions in F major