Erenköy, Çanakkale
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Erenköy is a village in the Çanakkale District of Çanakkale Province,
Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
. Its population is 1,480 (2021). In ancient times, the area was known as Ofrinio; later, it was known as Renkioi, which was later changed to Erenköy. The town was at one point renamed İntepe, but the name was changed back to Erenköy in 2010. Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (''
belde Belde (literally "town", also known as ''kasaba'') means "large village with a municipality" in Turkish language, Turkish. All Turkish province centers and district centers have municipalities, but the Villages of Turkey, villages are usually too ...
'').


Geography

Although very close to the
Sea of Marmara The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, is a small inland sea entirely within the borders of Turkey. It links the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea via the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits, separating Turkey's E ...
coast, Erenköy is situated in the western slopes of mountains. It is south of
Çanakkale Çanakkale is a city and seaport in Turkey on the southern shore of the Dardanelles at their narrowest point. It is the seat of Çanakkale Province and Çanakkale District.Troy Troy (/; ; ) or Ilion (; ) was an ancient city located in present-day Hisarlik, Turkey. It is best known as the setting for the Greek mythology, Greek myth of the Trojan War. The archaeological site is open to the public as a tourist destina ...
. Until 2014, when the subdistricts (''bucaklar'') were abolished, Erenköy was part of the İntepe subdistrict. The subdistrict covered the towns Erenköy and Kumkale and the villages Akçapınar, Akçeşme, Civler, Çıplak, Dümrek, Gökçalı, Güzelyalı, Halileli, Kalafat, Ovacık and Tevfikiye, and had a total population of 7,646 in 2011.


History


Renkioi

Only away from the ancient city of Ofrinio, and from the sea, Renkioi translates from the
Greek language Greek (, ; , ) is an Indo-European languages, Indo-European language, constituting an independent Hellenic languages, Hellenic branch within the Indo-European language family. It is native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), south ...
as ''village of ruins''. Located on locally high ground, from the top of the village can be seen: the ancient city of
Troy Troy (/; ; ) or Ilion (; ) was an ancient city located in present-day Hisarlik, Turkey. It is best known as the setting for the Greek mythology, Greek myth of the Trojan War. The archaeological site is open to the public as a tourist destina ...
; the Dardanelles; the cities of Çanakkale,
Gallipoli The Gallipoli Peninsula (; ; ) is located in the southern part of East Thrace, the European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles strait to the east. Gallipoli is the Italian form of the Greek name (), meaning ' ...
and Lampsakos; the northern
Aegean Sea The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia. It is located between the Balkans and Anatolia, and covers an area of some . In the north, the Aegean is connected to the Marmara Sea, which in turn con ...
islands; and
Mount Athos Mount Athos (; ) is a mountain on the Athos peninsula in northeastern Greece directly on the Aegean Sea. It is an important center of Eastern Orthodoxy, Eastern Orthodox monasticism. The mountain and most of the Athos peninsula are governed ...
. Amphitheatrically built, it is located in an area of oak and pine trees. The only language used by the Greek
Christian A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism, monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus in Christianity, Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the wo ...
population was
Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...
, a local dialect of which was like the one used in Mitilini. The village was built with small narrow streets, known as kalnterimi, covered with white stones, lined by two-floored houses with red tiled roofs. The center of the village was the defined by the Saint Georgios maxalas (''English:
neighborhood A neighbourhood (Commonwealth English) or neighborhood (American English) is a geographically localized community within a larger town, city, suburb or rural area, sometimes consisting of a single street and the buildings lining it. Neigh ...
''), containing the main square and the market. Towards the sea was the Akamatra maxalas, while the konaki maxalas (''English: government'') contained the compound of the
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
governor. The village had two churches, the cruciform Saint Georgios which housed a revered
icon An icon () is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, in the cultures of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Catholic Church, Catholic, and Lutheranism, Lutheran churches. The most common subjects include Jesus, Mary, mother of ...
, and the Assumption of the Virgin church used only on 15 August. Saint Georgios struck its own coinage to celebrate a village feast on 23 April each year. Outside the village, Sarki was the first burial place of
Achilles In Greek mythology, Achilles ( ) or Achilleus () was a hero of the Trojan War who was known as being the greatest of all the Greek warriors. The central character in Homer's ''Iliad'', he was the son of the Nereids, Nereid Thetis and Peleus, ...
and Patroklos, later transferred to Leuke, an island in the
Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bound ...
. Karantina acted as the port of Renkioi, where ships were required to call before proceeding to
Constantinople Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empire ...
, to check for contagious diseases.


Crimean War

During the Crimean War, Renkioi was located in the Allied sector. It became famous for housing the 1,000-patient Renkioi Hospital, agreed to be built by the British government under pressure from
Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale (; 12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was an English Reform movement, social reformer, statistician and the founder of modern nursing. Nightingale came to prominence while serving as a manager and trainer of nurses during th ...
, and designed by
Isambard Kingdom Brunel Isambard Kingdom Brunel ( ; 9 April 1806 â€“ 15 September 1859) was an English civil engineer and mechanical engineer who is considered "one of the most ingenious and prolific figures in engineering history", "one of the 19th-century engi ...
. Built in
Gloucester Docks Gloucester Docks is a historic area of the city of Gloucester. The docks are located at the northern junction of the River Severn with the Gloucester and Sharpness Canal. They are Britain's most inland port. The docks include fifteen Victoria ...
by timber merchants Price & Co. and designed by William Eassie, it followed on from a design from wooden huts procured by both the
British Army The British Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of the United Kingdom. the British Army comprises 73,847 regular full-time personnel, 4,127 Brigade of Gurkhas, Gurkhas, 25,742 Army Reserve (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve perso ...
and the
French Army The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (, , ), is the principal Army, land warfare force of France, and the largest component of the French Armed Forces; it is responsible to the Government of France, alongside the French Navy, Fren ...
. The hospital was nearing completion by the end of hostilities in April 1856.


World War I

Erenköy witnessed French assault during the Gallipoli Campaign in
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
. The German army set up cannons just outside of Erenköy to control traffic along the Dardanelles and the village was evacuated until 1919.


Greco-Turkish War

After the cessation of hostilities of World War I, the Turkish War of Independence broke out immediately after the first landings of the Greco-Turkish War in the locality. In 1920, the
Treaty of Sèvres The Treaty of Sèvres () was a 1920 treaty signed between some of the Allies of World War I and the Ottoman Empire, but not ratified. The treaty would have required the cession of large parts of Ottoman territory to France, the United Kingdom, ...
demilitarized the strait, and made it an international territory under the control of the
League of Nations The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace ...
. But as a result of the loss by the Greek Army, the mainly Greek-diaspora residents were forced to evacuate the village, with inhabitants either moving to Asprovalta in Kavala, or Nikaia in the harbor of
Piraeus Piraeus ( ; ; , Ancient: , Katharevousa: ) is a port city within the Athens urban area ("Greater Athens"), in the Attica region of Greece. It is located southwest of Athens city centre along the east coast of the Saronic Gulf in the Ath ...
.


Modern times

Following the war, the Greeks were replaced by Turks from Greece according to the population exchange between Greece and Turkey agreement. After the implementation of the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne, which restored the straits to Turkey but allowed all foreign warships to traverse the straits freely, and the settlement was renamed Erenköy. The village location next to a significant road offered Turkish refugees from the Greek Islands a great chance to develop a new town. After establishment of a new market, in 1927–28 both a school and a church were built. The area was neutral during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
. In 1947, the settlement's name was changed to ''İntepe'' (name of a bastion during the Galipoli campaign) to disambiguate it from Erenköy, Kadıköy, a well known neighbourhood of
Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...
(on its Asiatic side). However, the new name wasn't popular with the Erenköy residents and after a referendum, the former name was readopted in 2010.


Attractions

Erenköy hosts a Turkish military air cemetery. The town also volunteers to host a gigantic
Hector In Greek mythology, Hector (; , ) was a Trojan prince, a hero and the greatest warrior for Troy during the Trojan War. He is a major character in Homer's ''Iliad'', where he leads the Trojans and their allies in the defense of Troy, killing c ...
sculpture.


References


External links


History of Renkioi
{{DEFAULTSORT:Erenkoy, Canakkale Villages in Çanakkale District