''Engraulis'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

anchovies An anchovy is a small, common forage fish of the family Engraulidae. Most species are found in marine waters, but several will enter brackish water, and some in South America are restricted to fresh water. More than 140 species are placed in 1 ...

. It currently contains nine species. They are found in

Pacific The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is bounded by the cont ...

Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for se ...

and

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...

sea, as well.

Species

''Engraulis'' contains the following species: * '' Engraulis albidus'' Borsa,

Collet A collet is a segmented sleeve, band or ''collar''. One of the two radial surfaces of a collet is usually tapered (i.e a truncated cone) and the other is cylindrical. The term ''collet'' commonly refers to a type of chuck that uses collets ...

& J. D. Durand, 2004 (White anchovy) * '' Engraulis anchoita'' C. L. Hubbs &

Marini Marini (last name) is a surname of Roman/Italian Catholic origin; closely associated with the last names: Marino and Mariani with the three patronymic forms emerging from the same region at approximately the same time. Migrations branching from Ita ...

, 1935 (Argentine anchoita) * ''

Engraulis australis The Australian anchovy, ''Engraulis australis'', is a species of anchovy of the family Engraulidae, found off south-east Australia, and around New Zealand. The Australian anchovy feeds on plankton and is of minor importance to commercial fisheri ...

'' ( Shaw, 1790) (Australian anchovy) * '' Engraulis capensis'' Gilchrist, 1913 (Southern African anchovy) * '' Engraulis encrasicolus'' (

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...

) (European anchovy) * ''

Engraulis eurystole ''Engraulis'' is a genus of anchovies. It currently contains nine species. They are found in Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean sea, as well. Species ''Engraulis'' contains the following species: * '' Engraulis albidus'' Borsa, Collet & J. D ...

'' ( Swain &

Meek Meekness is an attribute of human nature and behavior that has been defined as an amalgam of righteousness, inner humility, and patience. Meekness has been contrasted with humility alone insomuch as humility simply refers to an attitude towards o ...

, 1885) (Silver anchovy) * ''

Engraulis japonicus The Japanese anchovy (''Engraulis japonicus'') is a schooling fish of the family Engraulidae. It is common in the Pacific Ocean south from the Sea of Okhotsk, widespread in the Sea of Japan, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea, and near the coasts of ...

Temminck Coenraad Jacob Temminck (; 31 March 1778 – 30 January 1858) was a Dutch patrician, zoologist and museum director. Biography Coenraad Jacob Temminck was born on 31 March 1778 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic. From his father, Jacob ...

& Schlegel, 1846 (Japanese anchovy) * ''

Engraulis mordax The Californian anchovy or northern anchovy (''Engraulis mordax'') is a species of anchovy found in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, ranging from Mexico to British Columbia. It is a small, Clupeoid fish with a large mouth and a long, laterally compres ...

'' Girard, 1854 (Californian anchovy) * ''

Engraulis ringens The Peruvian anchoveta (''Engraulis ringens'') is a species of fish of the anchovy family, Engraulidae, from the Southeast Pacific Ocean. It is one of the most commercially important fish species in the world, with annual harvests varying betwe ...

'' Jenyns, 1842 (Peruvian anchoveta) Two valid

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserve ...

species are also known: * †''

Engraulis macrocephalus ''Engraulis'' is a genus of anchovy, anchovies. It currently contains nine species. They are found in Pacific Ocean, Pacific, Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean sea, as well. Species ''Engraulis'' contains the followi ...

'' Landini & Menesini, 1978 -

Late Pliocene Late or LATE may refer to: Everyday usage * Tardy, or late, not being on time * Late (or the late) may refer to a person who is dead Music * Late (The 77s album), ''Late'' (The 77s album), 2000 * Late (Alvin Batiste album), 1993 * Late!, a pseudo ...

Early Pleistocene The Early Pleistocene is an unofficial epoch (geology), sub-epoch in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, representing the earliest division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period. It is currently esti ...

of Italy * †''

Engraulis tethensis ''Engraulis'' is a genus of anchovies. It currently contains nine species. They are found in Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean sea, as well. Species ''Engraulis'' contains the following species: * '' Engraulis albidus'' Borsa, Collet & J. D ...

'' Grande, 1985 -

Late Miocene The Late Miocene (also known as Upper Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch (geology), Epoch made up of two faunal stage, stages. The Tortonian and Messinian stages comprise the Late Miocene sub-epoch, which lasted from 11.63 Ma (million ye ...

Cyprus Cyprus (), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Situated in West Asia, its cultural identity and geopolitical orientation are overwhelmingly Southeast European. Cyprus is the List of isl ...

Many other fossil species have been assigned to ''Engraulis'', but a review of these specimens have found most to be far too fragmentary to be assigned to this genus, and many to not even be clupeomorphs.

References

Extant Miocene first appearances Marine fish genera Taxa named by Georges Cuvier Anchovies {{Clupeiformes-stub