was the
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868.
The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars ...
's officially sanctioned copper monopoly or copper guild (''
za'') which was created in 1636 and (1701–1712, 1738–1746, 1766–1768).
Initially, the Tokugawa shogunate was interested in assuring a consistent value in minted copper coins; and this led to the perceived need for attending to the supply of copper.
This ''
bakufu
, officially , was the title of the military rulers of Japan during most of the period spanning from 1185 to 1868. Nominally appointed by the Emperor, shoguns were usually the de facto rulers of the country, except during parts of the Kamak ...
'' title identifies a
regulatory agency
A regulatory agency (regulatory body, regulator) or independent agency (independent regulatory agency) is a government agency, government authority that is responsible for exercising autonomous jurisdiction over some area of human activity in a l ...
with responsibility for supervising the minting of copper coins and for superintending all copper mines, copper mining and copper-extraction activities in Japan.
[Hall, John Wesley. (1955) ''Tanuma Okitsugu: Forerunner of Modern Japan,'' p. 201.]
See also
*
Bugyō
was a title assigned to ''samurai'' officials in feudal Japan. ''Bugyō'' is often translated as commissioner, magistrate, or governor, and other terms would be added to the title to describe more specifically a given official's tasks or jurisdi ...
*
Kinzan-bugyō
* ''
Kinza'' – Gold ''za'' (monopoly office or guild).
* ''
Ginza
Ginza ( ; ) is a district of Chūō, Tokyo, Chūō, Tokyo, located south of Yaesu and Kyōbashi, Tokyo, Kyōbashi, west of Tsukiji, east of Yūrakuchō and Uchisaiwaichō, and north of Shinbashi. It is a popular upscale shopping area of Tokyo ...
'' – Silver ''za'' (monopoly office or guild).
* ''
Shuza'' – Cinnabar ''za'' (monopoly office or guild)
Notes
References
*
Hall, John W. (1955). ''Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719–1788: Forerunner of Modern Japan''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press
OCLC 445621* Jansen, Marius B. (1995). ''Warrior Rule in Japan''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
OCLC 422791897*
Schaede, Ulrike. (2000). ''Cooperative Capitalism: Self-Regulation, Trade Associations, and the Antimonopoly Law in Japan''. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
OCLC 505758165* Shimada, Ryuto. (2005)
''The Intra-Asian Trade in Japanese Copper by the Dutch East India Company''.Leiden:
Brill Publishers
Brill Academic Publishers () is a Dutch international academic publisher of books, academic journals, and Bibliographic database, databases founded in 1683, making it one of the oldest publishing houses in the Netherlands. Founded in the South ...
.
OCLC 62755669
Government of feudal Japan
Officials of the Tokugawa shogunate
Copper
Economy of feudal Japan
Metals monopolies
1636 establishments in Japan
Guilds in Japan
{{Japan-hist-stub