Chromodoris Sp In Bali 2017-02-04

''Chromodoris'' is a genus of very colourful sea slugs or dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs, and the type genus of the family Chromodorididae. Within the genus ''Chromodoris'', there are currently 101 classified species. Species within ''Chromodoris'' are commonly found in tropical and subtropical waters, living as members of reef communities and preying primarily on sponges. A molecular phylogeny of the family Chromodorididae resulted in this genus being restricted to a smaller number of species than formerly, most of which have longitudinal black lines on the mantle. Many former members of ''Chromodoris'' were transferred to Goniobranchus

Anatomy

''Chromodoris'' species exhibit one of the two major body types found within Nudibranchia. There are a few major bodily features that separate chromodorids from other sea slugs.

Mantle

Dorids have a thick mantle that exists over their foot, and in some species, the mantle can have tubercles (nodules along the surface of an organism that are made of keratin) of different concentrations, shapes, and sizes, providing some rigidity and protection for their soft, shell-less bodies. In most dorid species, the mantle holds toxins that defend the organism that are obtained through their diet.

Respiratory system

Chromodorids breathe oxygen principally through their gills, usually positioned in a featherlike structure located around the anus at their posterior, called the branchial plume.

Phylogeny and taxonomy

The classification of the family Chromodorididae has been the subject of many studies on nudibranches in recent years, most focusing on the phylogeny and its impact on the traditional taxonomies of the genera. ''Chromodoris'' was long considered to be the most diverse genus of the Chromodorididae; however, a study published in July 2018 on Indo-pacific species of chromodorid nudibranchs has shown that the genus should be categorized more strictly, and has been narrowed down to 22 species. These species characteristically have black stripes along their bodies and linear spawning.

Chemical defenses

Chromodorid nudibranchs commonly exhibit chemical defenses to protect themselves from predators. Most of the species that exhibit this behavior make use of bioactive compounds like alkaloids, diterpenes, and sesquiterpenes from the sponges they feed on. Nudibranchs can collect these compounds and store them as is, transform them, or be selectively sequestered, although there is no information on how common each mechanism is and which individual species exhibit the individual methods. Chromodorid nudibranchs in particular transport and store their toxic compounds in specialized storage glands located in strategic locations throughout the mantle, called mantle dermal formations (MDFs). These MDFs have been shown to harbor extremely high concentrations of distasteful and potent compounds in comparison to the rest of their body.

Reproduction

All nudibranchs are simultaneous hermaphrodites, with each individual possessing both male and female reproductive structures. During mating, two individuals compete for the position of male by darting their penises at one another until the victor penetrates the body wall of the other and impregnating them, forcing them to act as the female, an act commonly called "penis fencing." From here, the female lays eggs into a substrate, which hatch planktonic vestigial veliger larva, who will further evolve into adults.

Species

Species in the genus ''Chromodoris'' include:

* '' Chromodoris africana'' Eliot, 1904
* '' Chromodoris aila'' Er. Marcus, 1961
* ''Chromodoris albolimbata'' Bergh, 1907
* '' Chromodoris albonotata'' Bergh, 1875
* '' Chromodoris alternata'' Burn, 1957
* '' Chromodoris ambigua'' Rudman, 1987
* ''Chromodoris annae'' Bergh, 1877
* ''Chromodoris aspersa'' Gould, 1852
*''Chromodoris balat'' Bonomo & Gosliner, 2020
* ''Chromodoris barnardi'' (Collingwood, 1868)
*''Chromodoris baqe'' Bonomo & Gosliner, 2020
* ''Chromodoris boucheti'' Rudman, 1982
* ''Chromodoris briqua'' Marcus & Burch, 1965
* ''Chromodoris buchananae'' Gosliner & Behrens, 2000
* '' Chromodoris burni'' Rudman, 1982
* '' Chromodoris camoena'' Bergh, 1879
* '' Chromodoris cardinalis'' Bergh, 1880
* '' Chromodoris colemani'' Rudman, 1982
* '' Chromodoris dianae'' Gosliner & Behrens, 1998
* '' Chromodoris dictya'' Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970
* '' Chromodoris elisabethina'' Bergh, 1877
* '' Chromodoris euelpis'' Bergh, 1907
* '' Chromodoris hamiltoni'' Rudman, 1977
* '' Chromodoris inconspicua'' Eliot, 1904
* '' Chromodoris inopinata'' Bergh, 1905
* '' Chromodoris joshi'' Gosliner & Behrens, 1998
*'' Chromodoris kalawakan'' Bonomo & Gosliner, 2020
* '' Chromodoris kuiteri'' Rudman, 1982
* '' Chromodoris lapinigensis'' Bergh, 1879
* '' Chromodoris lata'' Risbec, 1928
* '' Chromodoris lentiginosa'' Pease, 1871
* '' Chromodoris lineolata'' Hasselt, 1824
* ''Chromodoris lochi'' Rudman, 1982
* '' Chromodoris magnifica'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 : Type species.
* '' Chromodoris mandapamensis'' Valdes, Mollo, & Ortea, 1999
* '' Chromodoris mariana'' Bergh, 1890
* '' Chromodoris marpessa'' Bergh, 1905
* '' Chromodoris michaeli'' Gosliner & Behrens, 1998
* ''Chromodoris nodulosa'' Bergh, 1905
* '' Chromodoris nona'' (Baba, 1953)
* '' Chromodoris ophthalmica'' Bergh, 1905
* '' Chromodoris orientalis'' Rudman, 1983
* '' Chromodoris pantharella'' Bergh, 1879
* '' Chromodoris papulosa'' Bergh, 1905
* '' Chromodoris paupera'' Bergh, 1877
* '' Chromodoris perola'' Ev. Marcus, 1976
* '' Chromodoris porcata'' Bergh, 1889
* '' Chromodoris pustulans'' Bergh, 1877
* '' Chromodoris quadricolor'' Rueppell & Leuckart, 1828
*'' Chromodoris quagga'' Bonomo & Gosliner, 2020
* ''Chromodoris roseopicta'' Verrill, 1900
* '' Chromodoris rudolphi'' Bergh, 1880
* '' Chromodoris splendens'' Eliot, 1904
* '' Chromodoris striatella'' Bergh, 1877
* '' Chromodoris strigata'' Rudman, 1982
* '' Chromodoris tenuilinearis'' Farran, 1905
* '' Chromodoris tenuis'' Collingwood, 1881
* ''Chromodoris thompsoni'' Rudman, 1983
* ''Chromodoris trouilloti'' Risbec, 1928
* '' Chromodoris venusta'' Bergh, 1905
* '' Chromodoris virginea'' Bergh, 1877
* '' Chromodoris westraliensis'' O'Donoghue, 1924
* '' Chromodoris willani'' Rudman, 1982

Image:Chromodoris africana.jpg, '' Chromodoris africana''
Image:Chromodoris annae.jpg, ''Chromodoris annae''
Image:Nudibranch - Chromodoris aspersa 6.jpg, ''Chromodoris aspersa''
Image:B12 4158 1.jpg, ''Chromodoris boucheti''
Image:Chromodoris dianae (AA3).jpg, '' Chromodoris dianae''
Image:Chromodoris hamiltoni-1.jpg, '' Chromodoris hamiltoni''
Image:Chromodoris nudibranch komodo.jpg, '' Chromodoris joshi''
Image: Rikr0065 - Flickr - NOAA Photo Library.jpg, '' Chromodoris kuiteri''
Image:Chromodoris lineolata-3.jpg, '' Chromodoris lineolata''
Image:Chromodoris lochi (AA1).jpg, ''Chromodoris lochi''
Image:Chromagn 2-1.jpg, '' Chromodoris magnifica''
Image:Chromodorididae - Chromodoris michaeli.jpg, '' Chromodoris michaeli''
Image:Chroorie 2-1.jpg, '' Chromodoris orientalis''
image:PikiWiki Israel 37509 Nudibranch on sponge.jpg, '' Chromodoris quadricolor''
Image:Chromodoris striatella-4.jpg, '' Chromodoris striatella''
Image:Chromodoris strigata.jpg, '' Chromodoris strigata''
Image:Chromodoris willani for nudipixel.jpg, '' Chromodoris willani''

;Synonyms:
* ''Chromodoris albonares'' Rudman, 1990: synonym of '' Goniobranchus albonares'' (Rudman, 1990)
* ''Chromodoris albopunctata'' Garrett, 1879: synonym of '' Goniobranchus albopunctatus'' Garrett, 1879
* ''Chromodoris albopustulosa'' Pease, 1860: synonym of '' Goniobranchus albopustulosus'' (Pease, 1860)
* ''Chromodoris alius'' Rudman, 1987: synonym of '' Goniobranchus alius'' (Rudman, 1987)
* ''Chromodoris agassizii'': synonym of '' Felimare agassizii'' (Bergh, 1894)
* ''Chromodoris annulata'' Eliot, 1904: synonym of '' Goniobranchus annulatus'' (Eliot, 1904)
* ''Chromodoris antonii'': synonym of '' Mexichromis antonii'' (Bertsch, 1976)
* ''Chromodoris aureomarginata'' Cheeseman, 1881: synonym of '' Goniobranchus aureomarginatus'' (Cheeseman, 1881)
* ''Chromodoris aureopurpurea'' Collingwood, 1881: synonym of ''Goniobranchus aureopurpureus'' (Collingwood, 1881)
* ''Chromodoris aurigera'' Rudman, 1990: synonym of '' Goniobranchus aurigerus'' (Rudman, 1990)
* ''Chromodoris australis'': synonym of ''Thorunna australis'' (Risbec, 1928)
* ''Chromodoris banksi'': synonym of '' Glossodoris dalli'' (Bergh, 1879)
* ''Chromodoris baumanni'' Bertsch, 1970: synonym of '' Glossodoris baumanni'' (Bertsch, 1970)
* ''Chromodoris bennetti'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris bennetti'' (Angas, 1864)
* ''Chromodoris bimaensis'' Bergh, 1905: synonym '' Goniobranchus bimaensis'' Bergh, 1905
* ''Chromodoris binza'' Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1963: synonym of '' Felimida binza'' (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1963)
* ''Chromodoris bistellata'': synonym of '' Aphelodoris antillensis''
* ''Chromodoris britoi'' Ortea & Pérez, 1983: synonym of '' Felimida britoi'' (Ortea & Perez, 1983)
* ''Chromodoris bullocki'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris bullocki''
* ''Chromodoris californiensis'': synonym of ''Hypselodoris californiensis''
* ''Chromodoris cantrainii'' Bergh, 1879: synonym of '' Felimare picta'' (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)
* ''Chromodoris carnea'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris carnea''
* ''Chromodoris cazae'' Gosliner & Behrens, 2004: synonym of '' Goniobranchus cazae'' (Gosliner & Behrens, 2004)
* ''Chromodoris charlottae'' Schrödl, 1999: synonym of '' Goniobranchus charlottae'' (Schrödl, 1999)
* ''Chromodoris clenchi'' Russell, 1935 - the harlequin blue doris: synonym of '' Felimida clenchi'' (Russell, 1935)
* ''Chromodoris clitonota'' Bergh, 1905: synonym of '' Durvilledoris lemniscata'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
* ''Chromodoris coi'' Risbec, 1956: synonym of '' Goniobranchus coi'' (Risbec, 1956)
* ''Chromodoris collingwoodi'' Rudman, 1987: synonym of '' Goniobranchus collingwoodi'' (Rudman, 1987)
* ''Chromodoris conchyliata'' Yonow, 1984: synonym of '' Goniobranchus conchyliatus'' (Yonow, 1984)
* ''Chromodoris dalli'': synonym of '' Glossodoris dalli'' (Bergh, 1879)
* ''Chromodoris daphne'' Angas, 1864: synonym of '' Goniobranchus daphne'' (Angas, 1864)
* ''Chromodoris decora'' Pease, 1860: synonym of ''Goniobranchus decorus'' (Pease, 1860)
* ''Chromodoris dollfusi'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris dollfusi''
* ''Chromodoris elegans'' (Cantraine, 1835): synonym of '' Felimare picta'' (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)
* ''Chromodoris elegantula'' Philippi, 1844: synonym of '' Felimida elegantula'' (Philippi, 1844)
* ''Chromodoris epicuria'' Basedow & Hedley, 1905: synonym of '' Goniobranchus epicurius'' (Basedow & Hedley, 1905)
* ''Chromodoris fentoni'' Valdés, Gatdula, Sheridan & Herrera, 2011: synonym of '' Felimida fentoni''
* ''Chromodoris festiva'': synonym of '' Mexichromis festiva'' (Angas, 1864)
* ''Chromodoris fidelis'' Kelaart, 1858: synonym of ''Goniobranchus fidelis'' (Kelaart, 1858)
* ''Chromodoris flava'': synonym of '' Diversidoris flava'' (Eliot, 1904)
* ''Chromodoris francoisae'': synonym of '' Mexichromis francoisae'' (Bouchet, 1980)
* ''Chromodoris galactos'' Rudman & Johnson in Rudman, 1985: synonym of '' Goniobranchus galactos'' (Rudman & S. Johnson, 1985)
* ''Chromodoris galexorum'' Bertsch, 1978: synonym of '' Felimida galexorum'' (Bertsch, 1978)
* ''Chromodoris geminus'' Rudman, 1987: synonym of ''Goniobranchus geminus'' (Rudman, 1987)
* ''Chromodoris geometrica'' Risbec, 1928: synonym of '' Goniobranchus geometricus'' (Risbec, 1928)
* ''Chromodoris ghanensis'': synonym of '' Glossodoris ghanensis''
* ''Chromodoris ghardagana'' ic synonym of '' Hypselodoris ghardaqana'' (Gohar & Aboul-Ela, 1957)
* ''Chromodoris gleniei'' Kelaart, 1858: synonym of '' Goniobranchus gleniei'' (Kelaart, 1858)
* ''Chromodoris godeffroyana'': synonym of '' Risbecia godeffroyana''
* ''Chromodoris goslineri'' Ortea & Valdés in Ortea, Valdés & Garcia Gómez, 1996: synonym of '' Felimida goslineri'' (Ortea & Valdés, 1996)
* ''Chromodoris grahami'' Thompson, 1980: synonym of '' Felimida grahami''
* ''Chromodoris haliclona'': synonym of '' Noumea haliclona''
* ''Chromodoris heatherae'' Gosliner, 1994 - Red-spotted nudibranch: synonym of '' Goniobranchus heatherae'' (Gosliner, 1994)
* ''Chromodoris hintuanensis'' Gosliner & Behrens, 1998: synonym of '' Goniobranchus hintuanensis'' (Gosliner & Behrens, 1998)
* ''Chromodoris hunterae'' Rudman, 1983: synonym of ''Goniobranchus hunterae'' (Rudman, 1983)
* ''Chromodoris imperialis'': synonym of '' Risbecia imperialis'' (Pease, 1860)
* ''Chromodoris kempfi'': synonym of '' Mexichromis kempfi''
* ''Chromodoris kitae'' Gosliner, 1994: synonym of '' Goniobranchus kitae'' (Gosliner, 1994)
* ''Chromodoris kpone'' Edmunds, 1981: synonym of '' Felimida kpone'' (Edmunds, 1981)
* ''Chromodoris krohni'' Vérany, 1846: synonym of '' Felimida krohni'' (Vérany, 1846)
* ''Chromodoris kuniei'' Pruvot-Fol, 1930: synonym of '' Goniobranchus kuniei'' (Pruvot-Fol, 1930)
* ''Chromodoris lekker'' Gosliner, 1994: synonym of '' Goniobranchus lekker'' (Gosliner, 1994)
* ''Chromodoris lemniscata'': synonym of '' Durvilledoris lemniscata''
* ''Chromodoris leopardus'': synonym of '' Goniobranchus leopardus'' Rudman, 1987
* ''Chromodoris lilacina'' (Gould, 1852): synonym of ''Tayuva lilacina'' (Gould, 1852)
* ''Chromodoris lineata nigrolineata'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris nigrolineata''
* ''Chromodoris loringi'' Angas, 1864: synonym of '' Goniobranchus loringi'' (Angas, 1864)
* ''Chromodoris luteopunctata'' Gantes, 1962: synonym of '' Felimida luteopunctata'' (Gantès, 1962)
* ''Chromodoris luteorosea'' Rapp, 1827: synonym of '' Felimida luteorosea'' (Rapp, 1827)
* ''Chromodoris macfarlandi'' Cockerell, 1901 - Three-stripe doris: synonym of '' Felimida macfarlandi'' (Cockerell, 1901)
* ''Chromodoris maculosa'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris maculosa''
* ''Chromodoris marenzelleri'' Bergh, 1888: synonym of '' Hypselodoris festiva'' (A. Adams, 1861)
* ''Chromodoris mariei'': synonym of '' Mexichromis mariei''
* ''Chromodoris marislae'' Bertsch in Bertsch, Ferreira, Farmer, & Hayes, 1973: synonym of '' Felimida marislae'' (Bertsch, 1973)
* ''Chromodoris maritimais'' a: synonym of '' Hypselodoris maritima''
* ''Chromodoris multimaculosa'' Rudman, 1987: synonym of '' Goniobranchus multimaculosus'' (Rudman, 1987)
* ''Chromodoris naiki'' Valdes, Mollo, & Ortea, 1999: synonym of '' Goniobranchus naiki'' (Valdés, Mollo & Ortea, 1999)
* ''Chromodoris neona'' Marcus, 1955: synonym of '' Felimida neona'' (Er. Marcus, 1955)
* ''Chromodoris nigrostriata'' a: synonym of '' Hypselodoris nigrostriata''
* ''Chromodoris norrisi'' Farmer, 1963: synonym of '' Felimida norrisi'' (Farmer, 1963)
* ''Chromodoris nyalya'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris nyalya'' (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1967)
* ''Chromodoris obsoleta'' Rüppell & Leuckart, 1831: synonym of '' Goniobranchus obsoletus'' (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1831)
* ''Chromodoris orsinii'': synonym of '' Felimare orsinii''
* ''Chromodoris paulomarcioi'' Dominguez, Garcia & Troncoso, 2006: synonym of '' Felimida paulomarcioi'' Dominguez, Garcia & Troncoso, 2006
* ''Chromodoris peasei'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris peasei''
* ''Chromodoris perplexa'': synonym of ''Digidentis perplexa''
* ''Chromodoris petechialis'' Gould, 1852: synonym of '' Goniobranchus petechialis'' (Gould, 1852)
* ''Chromodoris placida'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris placida''
* ''Chromodoris porterae'': synonym of '' Mexichromis porterae''
* ''Chromodoris ponga'' Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970: synonym of '' Felimida ponga'' (Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970)
* ''Chromodoris preciosa'' Kelaart, 1858: synonym of '' Goniobranchus preciosus'' (Kelaart, 1858)
* ''Chromodoris purpurea'' Risso in Guerin, 1831: synonym of ''Felimida purpurea'' (Risso in Guérin, 1831)
* ''Chromodoris pusilla'': synonym of '' Durvilledoris pusilla''
* ''Chromodoris regalis'' Ortea, Caballer & Moro, 2001: synonym of '' Felimida regalis'' (Ortea, Caballer & Moro, 2001)
* ''Chromodoris reticulata'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832) : synonym of ''Goniobranchus reticulatus'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
* ''Chromodoris roboi'' Gosliner & Behrens, 1998: synonym of '' Goniobranchus roboi'' (Gosliner & Behrens, 1998)
* ''Chromodoris rodomaculata'' Ortea & Valdés, 1991: synonym of '' Felimida rodomaculata'' (Ortea & Valdés, 1992)
* ''Chromodoris rolani'' Ortea, 1988: synonym of '' Felimida rolani'' (Ortea, 1988)
* ''Chromodoris rosans'' Bergh, 1889: synonym of ''Hypselodoris rosans'' (Bergh, 1889)
* ''Chromodoris rubrocornuta'' Rudman, 1985: synonym of '' Goniobranchus rubrocornutus'' (Rudman, 1985)
* ''Chromodoris rufomaculata'' Pease, 1871: synonym of '' Goniobranchus rufomaculatus'' (Pease, 1871)
* ''Chromodoris rufomarginata'' (Bergh, 1890): synonym of '' Glossodoris rufomarginata'' (Bergh, 1890)
* ''Chromodoris runcinata'' Bergh, 1877: synonym of '' Hypselodoris infucata'' (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1831)
* ''Chromodoris ruzafai'' Ortea, Bacallado, & Valdes, 1992: synonym of '' Felimida ruzafai'' (Ortea, Bacallado & Valdés, 1992)
* ''Chromodoris saintvincentius'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris saintvincentius''
* ''Chromodoris sedna'': synonym of '' Glossodoris sedna''
* ''Chromodoris semperi nigrostriata'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris nigrostriata''
* ''Chromodoris sibogae'': synonym of ''Glossodoris sibogae''
* ''Chromodoris sinensis'' Rudman, 1985: synonym of '' Goniobranchus sinensis'' (Rudman, 1985)
* ''Chromodoris socorroensis'' Behrens, Gosliner & Hermosillo, 2009: synonym of '' Felimida socorroensis'' (Behrens, Gosliner & Hermosillo, 2009)
* ''Chromodoris sonora'': synonym of '' Glossodoris dalli''
* ''Chromodoris sphoni'' Marcus, 1971: synonym of ''Felimida sphoni'' Ev. Marcus, 1971
* ''Chromodoris splendida'': synonym of ''Goniobranchus splendidus'' Angas, 1864
* ''Chromodoris tasmaniensis'' Bergh, 1905: synonym of ''Goniobranchus tasmaniensis'' (Bergh, 1905)
* ''Chromodoris tennentana'' Kelaart, 1859 -: synonyms: ''Chromodoris cavae'' Eliot, 1904; ''Chromodoris vicina'': synonym of '' Goniobranchus tennentanus'' (Kelaart, 1859)
* ''Chromodoris tinctoria'' Rüppell & Leuckart, 1831 -: synonyms: ''Chromodoris alderi'', ''Chromodoris reticulata'': synonym of '' Goniobranchus tinctorius'' (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828)
* ''Chromodoris tricolor'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris tricolor''
* ''Chromodoris trimarginata'' Winckworth, 1946: synonym of '' Goniobranchus trimarginatus'' (Winckworth, 1946)
* ''Chromodoris tritos'' Yonow, 1994: synonym of '' Goniobranchus tritos'' (Yonow, 1994)
* ''Chromodoris tryoni'': synonym of '' Risbecia tryoni''
* ''Chromodoris tumulifera'' Collingwood, 1881: synonym of '' Goniobranchus tumuliferus'' (Collingwood, 1881)
* ''Chromodoris tura'': synonym of ''Mexichromis tura''
* ''Chromodoris varians'': synonym of '' Noumea varians''
* ''Chromodoris verrieri'' Crosse, 1875: synonym of '' Goniobranchus verrieri'' (Crosse, 1875)
* ''Chromodoris vibrata'' Pease, 1860: synonym of '' Goniobranchus vibratus'' (Pease, 1860)
* ''Chromodoris villafranca'': synonym of '' Felimare villafranca''
* ''Chromodoris westralensis'' ic synonym of ''Chromodoris westraliensis'' (O'Donoghue, 1924)
* ''Chromodoris woodwardi'' Rudman, 1983: synonym of ''Goniobranchus woodwardae'' (Rudman, 1983)
* ''Chromodoris youngbleuthi'': synonym of '' Glossodoris rufomarginata''
* ''Chromodoris zebra'': synonym of '' Felimare zebra''
* ''Chromodoris zebrina'': synonym of '' Hypselodoris zebrina''

References

*

* Rudman W.B. (1977) ''Chromodorid opisthobranch Mollusca from East Africa and the tropical West Pacific''. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 61: 351-397
* Rudman W.B. (1984) ''The Chromodorididae (Opisthobranchia: Mollusca) of the Indo-West Pacific: a review of the genera''. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 81 (2/3): 115-273 page(s): 130
* Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp.
* Rudman W.B. & Darvell B.W. (1990) ''Opisthobranch molluscs of Hong Kong: Part 1. Goniodorididae, Onchidorididae, Triophidae, Gymnodorididae, Chromodorididae (Nudibranchia).'' Asian Marine Biology 7: 31-79 page(s): 55
* Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). ''Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification''. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213

Johnson R.F. & Gosliner T.M. (2012) ''Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs''. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33479

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2527755

Chromodorididae
Gastropod genera