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Cliffe is a small village and
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of Parish (administrative division), administrative parish used for Local government in England, local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below district ...
in the
Selby District Selby District is a local government district of North Yorkshire, England. The local authority, Selby District Council, is based in the town of Selby. The Local Authority had a population of 83,449 at the 2011 Census. The southernmost dist ...
of
North Yorkshire North Yorkshire is the largest ceremonial county (lieutenancy area) in England, covering an area of . Around 40% of the county is covered by national parks, including most of the Yorkshire Dales and the North York Moors. It is one of four cou ...
, England. It was historically part of the
East Riding of Yorkshire The East Riding of Yorkshire, or simply East Riding or East Yorkshire, is a ceremonial county and unitary authority area in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It borders North Yorkshire to the north and west, South Yorkshire t ...
until 1974. The civil parish includes the villages of Cliffe Common, South Duffield, Lund, and Newhay. The site of the former
Selby Coalfield Selby coalfield (also known as the Selby complex, or Selby 'superpit') was a large-scale deep underground mine complex based around Selby, North Yorkshire, England, with pitheads at ''Wistow Mine'', ''Stillingfleet Mine'', ''Riccall Mine'', ''N ...
''Whitemoor mine'' in the north of the parish is now a business park.


Geography

The civil parish of Cliffe is bounded by
Barlby with Osgodby Barlby with Osgodby is a civil parish in the Selby district of North Yorkshire, England, just to the north of Selby. The parish covers Barlby Barlby is a linear village in North Yorkshire, England. It is situated to the north-east of the ...
to the west,
Hemingbrough Hemingbrough is a small village and civil parish in the Selby District of North Yorkshire, England that is located approximately from Selby and from Howden on the A63. The village has a 12th-century former collegiate church (Hemingbroug ...
to the east, and the River Ouse to the south, and
North Duffield North Duffield is a village and civil parish in the Selby District of North Yorkshire, England. It was historically part of the East Riding of Yorkshire until 1974. It lies about north-east of Selby and south-east of York, on the A163 road ...
and
Skipwith Skipwith is a village and civil parish about north-east of Selby and south-east of York in the Selby District of North Yorkshire, England. Until the 1974 local government reorganisation Skipwith was part of the East Riding of Yorkshire. Ma ...
to the north. The parish includes the village of Cliffe, as well as
South Duffield South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*su ...
and the hamlets of
Cliffe Common Cliffe may refer to: Places in England * Cliffe, Kent, a village * Cliffe, Richmondshire, North Yorkshire, a village and civil parish * Cliffe, Selby, North Yorkshire, a village and civil parish * Cliffe, a village that is now a part of Lewes, Suss ...
, Lund and Newhay. ''Whitemoor business park'' is in the northern part of the parish.Ordnance Survey. 1:25000. 2006 The A63 Selby to Hull road and the Hull-Selby railway line pass roughly east–west through the parish; the A163 Market Weighton road, and the route of the former Selby-Market Weighton-Driffield railway line pass through the northern part of the parish. The parish is predominately agricultural land at around above sea level. At the time of the
2001 UK census A nationwide census, known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday, 29 April 2001. This was the 20th UK census and recorded a resident population of 58,789,194. The 2001 UK census was organised by the Office for National ...
, Cliffe parish had a population of 1,143, increasing to 1,267 at the 2011 Census. Cliffe has a public house (the New Inn), a butcher's shop and a mini-mart. The post office closed in 2007, although there is one at Hemingbrough. Cliffe Voluntary Controlled
Primary School A primary school (in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Australia, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, and South Africa), junior school (in Australia), elementary school or grade school (in North America and the Philippines) is a school for primary ed ...
received a grade 1 (outstanding) 2009 Ofsted inspection report.


History

Archaeological evidence of humans living in the area dating back to the
Iron Age The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age (Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age (Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostly appl ...
or British Roman age has been found in the area between and around Cliffe and Cliffe Common; the evidence suggested rectangular enclosures thought to be part of a field system, as well as ditched enclosures, and roundhouses. Evidence of permanent human habitation in the medieval period has also been found, suggesting
ridge and furrow Ridge and furrow is an archaeological pattern of ridges (Medieval Latin: ''sliones'') and troughs created by a system of ploughing used in Europe during the Middle Ages, typical of the open-field system. It is also known as rig (or rigg) and ...
farming.


Cliffe, Cliffe Common

Cliffe is recorded in the
Domesday survey Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror Wil ...
as being part of the manor of
Howden Howden () is a market and minster town and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It lies in the Vale of York to the north of the M62, on the A614 road about south-east of York and north of Goole, which lies across the ...
. In the Middle Ages the village was in the
Ouse and Derwent Ouse and Derwent was a wapentake of the historic East Riding of Yorkshire, England consisting of the westerly part of the county, between the River Ouse and the River Derwent. Established in medieval times, it ceased to have much significance in ...
wapentake A hundred is an administrative division that is geographically part of a larger region. It was formerly used in England, Wales, some parts of the United States, Denmark, Southern Schleswig, Sweden, Finland, Norway, the Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek, ...
of the
East Riding of Yorkshire The East Riding of Yorkshire, or simply East Riding or East Yorkshire, is a ceremonial county and unitary authority area in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It borders North Yorkshire to the north and west, South Yorkshire t ...
. With the hamlet of Lund it formed the
township A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, C ...
of Cliffe cum Lund in the large ancient parish of
Hemingbrough Hemingbrough is a small village and civil parish in the Selby District of North Yorkshire, England that is located approximately from Selby and from Howden on the A63. The village has a 12th-century former collegiate church (Hemingbroug ...
. Until the later Middle Ages Cliffe was on the banks of the River Ouse, but the river changed course when a meander was broken through. In the medieval period much of the land was in the possession of the
Bishops of Durham The Bishop of Durham is the Anglican bishop responsible for the Diocese of Durham in the Province of York. The diocese is one of the oldest in England and its bishop is a member of the House of Lords. Paul Butler has been the Bishop of Durh ...
, passing to the Bishopric of Ripon in 1836. The remainder of the land passed through various hands, with part becoming of the manor of Turnham Hall. A school was established in 1708 with the bequeathal of £200 by Mary Waud. A school house was subsequently built, and, after further endowments, it was enlarged in 1835. Non-conformist chapels were established in 1825 (Wesleyan, with Sunday school, closed 1968) and 1842 (Primitive Methodist, deregistered 1942). A seed milling and crushing business was established at Cliffe in around 1840, the business ceased after the 1870s. By the 1890s maltings had been established at Cliffe and at Cliffe Common, near to the railway lines, both remained in business into the second half of the 20th century. During the
First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fig ...
a 3" anti-aircraft battery was installed at cliffe. From 1960 senior education was carried out at the secondary school in
Barlby Barlby is a linear village in North Yorkshire, England. It is situated to the north-east of the market town of Selby, and is bordered to the west by the River Ouse, Yorkshire, River Ouse and to the east by the A19 road, A19 Barlby bypass. Acro ...
; the Cliffe school was still educating pupils in 1973, with 65 students. The township of Cliffe cum Lund became a separate
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of Parish (administrative division), administrative parish used for Local government in England, local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below district ...
in 1866. In 1883 the hamlet of Newhay, which in medieval times had been on the south bank of the Ouse in the
West Riding The West Riding of Yorkshire is one of three historic subdivisions of Yorkshire, England. From 1889 to 1974 the administrative county County of York, West Riding (the area under the control of West Riding County Council), abbreviated County ...
, was transferred from the parish of Drax. In 1935 the civil parish of Cliffe cum Lund was abolished and merged with the parish of South Duffield to form the new parish of Cliffe.


Railways

The
Hull and Selby Railway The Hull and Selby Railway is a railway line between Kingston upon Hull and Selby in the United Kingdom which was authorised by an act of 1836 and opened in 1840. As built the line connected with the Leeds and Selby Railway (opened 1834) at Selb ...
arrived in Cliffe in 1848, and a station was opened in the village as Cliffe Common Gate. It was later renamed
Cliffe Common Cliffe may refer to: Places in England * Cliffe, Kent, a village * Cliffe, Richmondshire, North Yorkshire, a village and civil parish * Cliffe, Selby, North Yorkshire, a village and civil parish * Cliffe, a village that is now a part of Lewes, Suss ...
. The station closed in 1954, and the line closed in 1965. The
Derwent Valley Light Railway The Derwent Valley Light Railway (DVLR) (also known as The Blackberry Line) was a privately owned standard-gauge railway in North Yorkshire, England, and was unusual in that it was never nationalised, remaining as a private operation all its ...
opened in 1913 a branch from Cliffe Common; it closed to passengers in 1926; the section between
Wheldrake Wheldrake is a village and civil parish located south-east of York. Administratively it is in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 1,909, increasi ...
and Cliffe Common closed completely in 1965.


South Duffield

South Duffield was also a township in the ancient parish of Hemingbrough. There was a manor at South Duffield, now evidenced by an earthwork. The present South Duffield Hall dates from the late 1700s. At South Duffield remains of previous activity included a former brick
tower mill A tower mill is a type of vertical windmill consisting of a brick or stone tower, on which sits a wooden 'cap' or roof, which can rotate to bring the sails into the wind.Medieval science, technology, and medicine: an encyclopedia (2005), 520 T ...
used for grain dating from . The Selby-Market Weighton railway line arrived in 1848, passing north of the village - a station ( Duffield Gate railway station) was opened north of the village, which closed in 1884. A school was built in 1881. From 1960 secondary students were educated at
Barlby Barlby is a linear village in North Yorkshire, England. It is situated to the north-east of the market town of Selby, and is bordered to the west by the River Ouse, Yorkshire, River Ouse and to the east by the A19 road, A19 Barlby bypass. Acro ...
, and the school closed in 1962. South Duffield became a separate civil parish in 1866. The civil parish was abolished in 1935.


Turnham Hall

There was a manor house at Turnham Hall (also ''Turneham'' or ''Thurnham'') west of Cliffe on the banks of the Ouse as early as 1327. The house was moated at one time. A
licence to crenellate In medieval England, Wales and the Channel Islands a licence to crenellate (or licence to fortify) granted the holder permission to fortify his property. Such licences were granted by the king, and by the rulers of the counties palatine within the ...
was received by John Pylkyngton in 1477. The current farm at Turnham Hall dates from the late 1700s to 1820.


Whitemoor mine

Whitemoor Mine was developed in the 1970s as part of the Selby coalfield, after closure in the 21st century the above ground site was redeveloped as Whitemoor Business Park.


References


Sources

* *


External links


Cliffe Football Club
{{authority control Villages in North Yorkshire Civil parishes in North Yorkshire Selby District