Charlotte Fränkel (25 August 1880 – 7 December 1933) was a German

classical archaeologist Classical archaeology is the archaeological investigation of the Mediterranean civilizations of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Nineteenth-century archaeologists such as Heinrich Schliemann were drawn to study the societies they had read about i ...

and teacher.

Biography

She was taught by

Helene Lange Helene Lange (9 April 1848 in Oldenburg – 13 May 1930 in Berlin) was a pedagogue and feminist. She is a symbolic figure of the international and German civil rights feminist movement. In the years from 1919 to 1921 she was a member of the Ham ...

and graduated from the Luisengymnasium Berlin on 29 October 1900. She studied classical archaeology at the

University of Berlin The Humboldt University of Berlin (german: link=no, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin, Germany. The university was established by Frederick Will ...

and the

University of Bonn The Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University of Bonn (german: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn) is a public research university located in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded in its present form as the ( en, Rhine ...

, passing the

Rigorosum The oral exam (also oral test or '; ' in German-speaking nations) is a practice in many schools and disciplines in which an examiner poses questions to the student in spoken form. The student has to answer the question in such a way as to demonst ...

in Bonn on 30 November 1911. Her 1912 doctoral thesis was titled ''Satyr- und Bakchennamen auf Vasenbildern''. Fränkel was one of only five women who received a doctorate in classical archaeology before the First World War (The others were:

Margarete Bieber Margarete Bieber (31 July 1879 – 25 February 1978) was a Jewish German-American art history, art historian, classical archaeology, classical archaeologist and professor. She became the second woman university professor in Germany in 1919 w ...

, Elvira Fölzer,

Margret Heinemann Margret may refer to - *1410 Margret, an asteroid *, a Norwegian steamship in service 1994-06/18 *Margret Holmes Bates (1844-1927), American author *Margret Grebowicz, Polish philosopher, author, and professor * Ann-Margret, Swedish-American actress ...

Viktoria von Lieres und Wilkau Viktoria usually refers to Viktoria, a name which is the same as Victoria (name), but may also refer to: Places * FK Viktoria Stadion, stadium of Viktoria Žižkov * Viktoria-Luise-Platz, building in Berlin * Viktoriastadt, now known as Victo ...

). In August 1914, she became a high school teacher and worked at the Augusta School in Berlin. From 1922 she worked at a municipal college in Berlin. On 1 September 1933, she was forced to retire early due to implementation of the

Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Hitler Service (german: Gesetz zur Wiederherstellung des Berufsbeamtentums, shortened to ''Berufsbeamtengesetz''), also known as Civil Service Law, Civil Service Restoration Act, and Law to Re-es ...

under the

Nazi Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hit ...

regime in Germany.

Personal life

Charlotte Fränkel was the daughter of the classical philologist

Max Fränkel Max Fränkel (Landsberg an der Warthe, 11 March 1846 – Berlin, 10 June 1903) was a German Jewish classical scholar, philologist, epigrapher and librarian.Kleine Schriften - Volume 3 - Page 460 Hermann Usener - 2010 "Die Verwaltung der königlichen ...

and sister of

Hermann Fränkel Hermann Ferdinand Fränkel (May 7, 1888 – April 8, 1977) was a German American classical scholar. He served as professor of Ancient Greek philology at Stanford University until 1953. Son of professor Max Fränkel and younger brother of Charlot ...

. In 1915, she married fellow archaeologist

Georg Loeschcke Georg Loeschcke (28 June 1852 – 26 November 1915) was a German archaeologist born in Penig, Saxony. He studied archaeology under Johannes Overbeck at University of Leipzig, Leipzig, afterwards continuing his education at the University of Bonn ...

Publications

*Fränkel, C. 1912. "Korinthische Posse", in Rheinisches Museum no 67, 94–106. *Fränkel, C. 1912..
Satyr - und Bakchennamen auf Vasenbildern
'. Niemeyer, Halle.

References

''This article is based on a translation of an equivalent article at the

German Wikipedia The German Wikipedia (german: Deutschsprachige Wikipedia) is the German-language edition of Wikipedia, a free and publicly editable online encyclopedia. Founded on March 16, 2001, it is the second-oldest Wikipedia (after the English Wikipedia) ...

''; whose references include: *Irma Wehgartner: Spurensuche. Frauen in der Klassischen Archäologie vor dem 1. Weltkrieg. In: Julia K. Koch, Eva-Maria Mertens (Hrsg.): Eine Dame zwischen 500 Herren. Johanna Mestorf – Werk und Wirkung. Waxmann, Münster u. a. 2002, , (Frauen – Forschung – Archäologie 4), S. 267–279. *William M. Calder III, Bernhard Huss (Hrsg.): „Sed serviendum officio ...“ The Correspondence between Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff und Eduard Norden (1892–1931). Weidmann, Hildesheim 1997, , S. 133–135, 286. {{DEFAULTSORT:Fränkel, Charlotte 1880 births 1933 deaths Women classical scholars Archaeologists from Berlin German archaeologists German women archaeologists German classical scholars University of Bonn alumni German schoolteachers