CRH3

The CRH3 Hexie ( zh, s=和谐号, t=和諧號, p=Héxié Hào, l=Harmony) is a version of the Siemens Velaro high-speed train used in China on the Beijing–Tianjin intercity railway line, Wuhan-Guangzhou Passenger Dedicated Line, Zhengzhou-Xi'an Passenger Dedicated Line and the Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway. It is capable of service speed of as the very similar Velaro E used in Spain, but, similarly to the Sapsan, it is wider to take advantage of a more generous structure gauge and thus be able to fit in more seats in a 2+3 layout.

Variants

In November 2005, the Ministry of Railways ordered 60 Velaro trains for use on the Beijing–Tianjin intercity railway line. On 27 July 2006, the joint project office was opened at Tangshan.

CRH3C Prototypes

The first three trains were built in Germany by Siemens, and these imported trains were labelled CRH3A (CRH3-002A, CRH3-003A and CRH3-004A), different than the CRH3A-5218 developed independently and manufactured by CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles in 2017, designed to operate at a cruise speed of .
These trains are based on the German Deutsche Bahn's ICE 3 high-speed trains and were given initial designations of CRH3A. Of these German trains, the first one was shipped from Bremerhaven on 19 December 2007.

On 30 November 2012, the CNR announced new design of CRH3A, with three styles that can operate at top speed of , and . The first train was rolled out on 3 June 2013.

CRH3C

After December 2008, the three imported CRH3A were repainted and renamed to CRH3C (CRH3-002C, CRH3-003C and CRH3-004C). The last letter C means that each rolling stock of this model consists of 8 cars and runs with a maximum speed of .
The rest of the trains are now being built by Tangshan Railway Vehicle with some components from Germany.

The first Chinese-built CRH3 (CRH₃-001C) was unveiled on 11 April 2008.

The 8-car CRH3C trains are similar to the Velaro E design in Spain, but wider to fit more seats in a 2+3 layout; a CRH3 train will seat 572 passengers: 16 deluxe-class (8 sold publicly), 56 in first-class, 528 in second-class.

Each train sets consists of four motor cars and four trailer cars, equipped with two driving units, and each of them is in charge of the driving of two motor cars and two trailer cars.

The bogies are improved versions of the SF500 bogie. Innovations include the body bolster, vibration damper, spring parameters, transmission ratio, widening the carbody and increasing the speed of the trainsets.

The trains are designed for running at . On 24 June 2008, CRH₃-001C reached a top speed of during a test on the Beijing to Tianjin high speed line.

On 9 December 2009, a pair of CRH3 EMUs (CRH₃-013C + CRH₃-017C) reached a top speed of during a test on the Zhengzhou to Xi'an high speed line, setting a world record for double-link EMUs.

On 28 September 2009, an additional 20 CRH3C sets was ordered by the Chinese MOR.

File:China Railways CRH3C Second Class Coach 20171003.jpg, Inside a second class coach
File:CRH3C First Class Coach 20110401.jpg, Inside a first class coach
File:CRH3C VIP compartment 20101003.JPG, Premier class seats

CRH380B/BL

In March 2009, a new contract was signed with China Northern Railways (CNR) to supply 100 16-car trainsets for 39.2B RMB with delivery from October 2010 onwards.
This order for a total of 1600 railway cars is greater than the total production of all Velaro and ICE trains that have ever been manufactured in the past.
It is planned that the trains will be produced by CNR subsidiaries, Tangshan Railway Vehicle and Changchun Railway Vehicles, using technology from the previous technology transfer agreement. In this contract, Siemens acts as a component supplier, with over 80% of the contract supplied by CNR. An additional order for 40 16-car sets and 40 8-car sets was made on 28 September 2009 for 25.32B RMB.

Top travel speed for this variant is , though it is capable of attaining even higher speeds. These trains have been designated as CRH380B (8-car set) and CRH380BL (16-car set) in September 2010. The first CRH380BL set with series number CRH380B-6401L rolled off the production line and was unveiled to the public in September 2010. it was manufactured by Tangshan Railway Vehicle. In October 2010, the 16-car train was sent to Beijing loop line for test. In November 2010, the train was sent to Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway for trial run. The trainset reached the maximum speed of on 5 December 2010. More recently, during a subsequent test on 10 January 2011, a CRH380BL set reached a new record speed of , breaking the previous record held by the CRH380A.

Since 13 January 2011, the CRH380BL enter regular service at the Shanghai–Hangzhou High-Speed Railway and Shanghai–Nanjing High-Speed Railway.

All 54 CRH380BL trainsets were recalled in mid-August 2011 due to operational problems on the new Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway

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