A C-type lectin (CLEC) is a type of carbohydrate-binding
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
known as a
lectin
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific for sugar Moiety (chemistry), groups that are part of other molecules, so cause agglutination (biology), agglutination of particular cells or precipitation of glycoconjugates an ...
.
The C-type designation is from their requirement for
calcium
Calcium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ca and atomic number 20. As an alkaline earth metal, calcium is a reactive metal that forms a dark oxide-nitride layer when exposed to air. Its physical and chemical properties are most similar to it ...
for binding. Proteins that contain C-type lectin domains have a diverse range of functions including cell-cell adhesion, immune response to pathogens and
apoptosis
Apoptosis (from ) is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as yeast. Biochemistry, Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes (Morphology (biol ...
.
Classification
Drickamer ''et al.'' classified C-type lectins into 7 subgroups (I to VII) based on the order of the various
protein domains
In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded three-dimensional structure. Many proteins consist of se ...
in each protein.
This classification was subsequently updated in 2002, leading to seven additional groups (VIII to XIV).
Most recently, three further subgroups were added (XV to XVII).
CLECs include:
*
CLEC1A,
CLEC1B
*
CLEC2A,
CLEC2B
C-type lectin domain family 2 member B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CLEC2B'' gene.
This gene encodes a member of the C-type lectin/C-type lectin-like domain (CTL/CTLD) protein superfamily. Members of this family share a common ...
,
CD69 (CLEC2C),
CLEC2D,
CLEC2L
*
CLEC3A,
CLEC3B
*
CLEC4A,
CLEC4C,
CLEC4D,
CLEC4E,
CLEC4F,
CLEC4G,
ASGR1 (CLEC4H1),
ASGR2 (CLEC4H2),
FCER2 (CLEC4J),
CD207 (CLEC4K),
CD209 (CLEC4L),
CLEC4M
*
CLEC5A
*
CLEC6A
*
CLEC7A
*
OLR1 (CLEC8A)
*
CLEC9A
*
CLEC10A
*
CLEC11A
*
CLEC12A,
CLEC12B
*
CD302 (CLEC13A),
LY75 (CLEC13B),
PLA2R1 (CLEC13C),
MRC1 (CLEC13D),
MRC2 (CLEC13E)
*
CLEC14A
*
CLEC16A
*
CLEC17A
The "NK Cell lectin-like receptors" are a very closely related group:
*
KLRA1
*
KLRB1 (CLEC5B)
*
KLRC1,
KLRC2,
KLRC3,
KLRC4
*
KLRD1
*
KLRF1 (CLEC5C)
*
KLRG1 (CLEC15A),
KLRG2 (CLEC15B)
*
KLRK1
Additional proteins containing this domain include:
*
AGC1;
ATRNL1
*
BCAN
*
CD248;
CD72;
CD93;
CHODL;
CL-K1-Ia;
CL-K1-Ib;
CL-K1-Ic;
CLECSF5;
COLEC10;
COLEC11;
COLEC12;
CSPG3
*
FCER2;
FREM1;
HBXBP;
*
LAYN;
LOC348174;
LOC728276
*
MAFA;
MBL2;
MGC34761;
MICL;
MRC1L1
*
OLR1
*
PAP;
PKD1
Polycystin 1 (PC1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PKD1'' gene. Mutations of ''PKD1'' are associated with most cases of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, a severe hereditary disorder of the kidneys characterised by ...
;
PKD1L2;
PLA2R1;
PRG2;
PRG3
*
REG1A;
REG1B;
REG3A;
REG3G;
REG4
*
SELE
Sele may refer to:
Places Africa
*Sele, Burkina Faso, a village in the Ouéleni Department of Burkina Fase.
* Sele, Ethiopia, a town in Agbe municipality
Asia
*Sele, Turkey, a Turkish village in Kailar in Ottoman times
*Şələ, Azerbaijan
*Seleu ...
;
SELL;
SELP;
SFTPA1;
SFTPA2;
SFTPA2B;
SFTPD;
SRCL
*
THBD
*
VCAN
References
External links
Functional Glycomics Gateway a collaboration between the
Consortium for Functional Glycomics and
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio (formerly known as Nature Publishing Group and Nature Research) is a division of the international scientific publishing company Springer Nature that publishes academic journals, magazines, online databases, and services in scien ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:C-Type Lectin
Human proteins
Protein domains
Single-pass transmembrane proteins