Bărbat was the brother and successor of ''
voivode
Voivode ( ), also spelled voivod, voievod or voevod and also known as vaivode ( ), voivoda, vojvoda, vaivada or wojewoda, is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe in use since the Early Mid ...
''
Litovoi
Litovoi, also Litvoy, was a Vlach/ Romanian ''voivode'' in the 13th century whose territory comprised northern Oltenia in today's Romania.
He is mentioned for the first time in the Diploma of the Joannites issued by king Béla IV of Hungary (123 ...
whose territory had comprised northern
Oltenia
Oltenia (), also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions – with the alternative Latin names , , and between 1718 and 1739 – is a historical province and geographical region of Romania in western Wallachia. It is situated between the Da ...
(
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...
).
War with Hungary
In 1277
(or between 1277 and 1280),
Litovoi renounced fealty to king
Ladislaus IV of Hungary
Ladislaus IV (, , ; 5 August 1262 – 10 July 1290), also known as Ladislaus the Cuman, was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1272 to 1290. His mother, Elizabeth, was the daughter of a chieftain from the pagan Cumans who had settled in Hung ...
(1272–1290)
when the king claimed lands for the crown, but Litovoi refused to pay
tribute
A tribute (; from Latin ''tributum'', "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect. Various ancient states exacted tribute from the rulers of lands which the state con ...
for them.
King Ladislaus IV dispatched a punitive force,
and Litovoi was killed during the battle against the
Hungarian army.
Bărbat was taken prisoner
and sent to the royal court
where he was forced not only to pay
ransom
Ransom refers to the practice of holding a prisoner or item to extort money or property to secure their release. It also refers to the sum of money paid by the other party to secure a captive's freedom.
When ransom means "payment", the word ...
but also to recognize Hungarian rule.
After Bărbat accepted Hungarian suzerainty under the duress of circumstances, he returned to his country.
All these events are recounted in the king’s letter of grant of 8 January 1285, in which king Ladislaus IV donated villages in
Sáros County
Sáros (- Hungarian, Slovak: ''Šariš'', Latin: ''comitatus Sarossiensis'', German: ''Scharosch'') was an administrative county ( comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northeastern Slovakia. Today, Šariš is only an in ...
(today in
Slovakia
Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's m ...
) to Master
George, son of Simon, who had been sent against Litovoi.
See also
*
Foundation of Wallachia
The founding of Wallachia (), that is the establishment of the first independent Romanian principality, was achieved at the beginning of the 14th century, through the unification of smaller political units that had existed between the Carpathian ...
*
Litovoi
Litovoi, also Litvoy, was a Vlach/ Romanian ''voivode'' in the 13th century whose territory comprised northern Oltenia in today's Romania.
He is mentioned for the first time in the Diploma of the Joannites issued by king Béla IV of Hungary (123 ...
*
Èšara Litua
Èšara Litua () was a country from around Severin to the Olt River. The first mention of the country was in 1247, when Litovoi was its voivode.
Likely established as a voivodate in the early 13th century, Èšara Litua resisted Hungarian influe ...
References
Sources
*Georgescu, Vlad ''(Author)'' – Calinescu, Matei ''(Editor)'' – Bley-Vroman, Alexandra ''(Translator)'': ''The Romanians – A History''; Ohio State University Press, 1991, Columbus;
*Makkai, László: ''From the Hungarian conquest to the Mongol invasion''; ''in:'' Köpeczi, Béla ''(General Editor)'' – Makkai, László; Mócsy, András; Szász, Zoltán ''(Editors)'' – Barta, Gábor ''(Assistant Editor)'': ''History of Transylvania - Volume I: From the beginnings to 1606''; Akadémiai Kiadó, 1994, Budapest;
*Pop, Ioan Aurel: ''Romanians and Romania: A Brief History''; Columbia University Press, 1999, New York;
*Vásáry, István: ''Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365''; Cambridge University Press, 2005, Cambridge;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Barbat
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
Princes of Wallachia