The Basic Leucine Zipper Domain (bZIP domain) is found in many DNA binding eukaryotic proteins. One part of the domain contains a region that mediates sequence specific DNA binding properties and the

leucine zipper A leucine zipper (or leucine scissors) is a common three-dimensional structural motif in proteins. They were first described by Landschulz and collaborators in 1988 when they found that an enhancer binding protein had a very characteristic 30-ami ...

that is required to hold together (dimerize) two DNA binding regions. The DNA binding region comprises a number of basic amino acids such as

arginine Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H2N)(HN)CN(H)(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H. The molecule features a guanidino group appended to a standard amino acid framework. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (−CO2−) and both the a ...

and

lysine Lysine (symbol Lys or K) is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated &minu ...

. Proteins containing this domain are

transcription factors In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence. The f ...

bZIP transcription factors

bZIP transcription factors are found in all eukaryotes and form one of the largest families of dimerizing TFs. An evolutionary study from 2008 revealed that 4 bZIP genes were encoded by the genome of the

most recent common ancestor In biology and genetic genealogy, the most recent common ancestor (MRCA), also known as the last common ancestor (LCA) or concestor, of a set of organisms is the most recent individual from which all the organisms of the set are descended. The ...

of all plants. Interactions between bZIP transcription factors are numerous and complex and play important roles in cancer development in epithelial tissues, steroid hormone synthesis by cells of endocrine tissues, factors affecting reproductive functions, and several other phenomena that affect human health.

bZIP domain containing proteins

* AP-1 fos/ jun heterodimer that forms a

transcription factor In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence. The fu ...

* Jun-B transcription factor * CREB cAMP response element transcription factor * OPAQUE2 (O2) transcription factor of the 22-kD zein gene that encodes a class of storage proteins in the

endosperm The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most of the flowering plants following double fertilization. It is triploid (meaning three chromosome sets per nucleus) in most species, which may be auxin-driven. It surrounds the embryo an ...

of maize (''Zea Mays'') kernels *

NFE2L2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), also known as nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2, is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the ''NFE2L2'' gene. NRF2 is a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) protein that may regula ...

or Nrf2 * Bzip Maf transcription factors

Human proteins containing this domain

ATF1; ATF2;

ATF4 Activating transcription factor 4 (tax-responsive enhancer element B67), also known as ATF4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ATF4'' gene. Function This gene encodes a transcription factor that was originally identified as a wi ...

; ATF5; ATF6; ATF7; BACH1; BACH2;

BATF The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATFE), commonly referred to as the ATF, is a domestic law enforcement agency within the United States Department of Justice. Its responsibilities include the investigation and prevent ...

; BATF2; CEBPA; CEBPB; CEBPD; CEBPE; CEBPG; CEBPZ;

CREB1 CAMP responsive element binding protein 1, also known as CREB-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CREB1'' gene. This protein binds the cAMP response element, a DNA nucleotide sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. ...

; CREB3; CREB3L1; CREB3L2; CREB3L3; CREB3L4; CREB5; CREBL1; CREM; E4BP4; FOSL1; FOSL2; JUN;

JUNB Transcription factor jun-B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''JUNB'' gene. Transcription factor jun-B is a transcription factor involved in regulating gene activity following the primary growth factor response. It binds to the DNA seq ...

; JUND; MAFA; MAFB;

MAFF MAFF may refer to: * MAFF (gene), a transcription factor * Malmö Arab Film Festival, held in Malmö (Sweden), the largest Arabic film festival in Europe * Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (United Kingdom), a former department of UK gove ...

; MAFG; NRL; C-MAF; MAFK; NFE2;

; NFE2L3; SNFT;

XBP1 X-box binding protein 1, also known as XBP1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''XBP1'' gene. The ''XBP1'' gene is located on chromosome 22 while a closely related pseudogene has been identified and localized to chromosome 5. The XBP ...

References

External links

bZIP domain entry
in the SMART database
bZIP family
a
PlantTFDB: Plant Transcription Factor DatabasePlant bZIP transcription factors
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bzip Domain Protein domains DNA-binding proteins