Aurangabad district is one of the thirty-eight
districts of Bihar
Bihar, a state of India, currently has 38 administrative districts, 101 subdivisions (अनुमंडल) and 535 CD blocks.
A district of an Indian state is an administrative geographical unit, headed by a district magistrate or a deputy ...
state
State most commonly refers to:
* State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory
**Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country
**Nation state, a ...
, India. It is currently a part of the
Red Corridor. Aurangabad is also called "Chittorgarh" of Bihar because the number of
Suryavanshi Rajputs is very high here. Aurangabad played a major role in the
Indian independence struggle
The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British colonial rule. It lasted until 1947, when the Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed.
The first nationalistic movement to ...
, and is also the birthplace of eminent nationalist & first
Deputy Chief Minister of state, Bihar Vibhuti Dr.
Anugrah Narayan Sinha
Anugrah Narayan Sinha (18 June 1887 – 5 July 1957), known as ''Honorary titles of Indian leaders, Bihar Vibhuti'', was an Indian nationalist politician, participant in Champaran Satyagraha, Gandhian & one of the architects of modern Bihar, wh ...
, a participant of
Champaran Satyagraha who is regarded among makers of modern independent Bihar.
Geography
Aurangabad district occupies an area of ,
comparatively equivalent to
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
's
Vaygach Island
Vaygach Island () is an island in the Arctic Sea between the Pechora Sea and the Kara Sea.
Geography
Vaygach Island is separated from the Yugorsky Peninsula in the mainland by the Yugorsky Strait and from Novaya Zemlya by the Kara Strait. ...
.
Aurangabad town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Aurangabad district is a part of
Magadh division
Magadh division is an administrative geographical unit of Bihar States and territories of India, state of India. Gaya, India, Gaya is the administrative headquarters of the division. Currently (2005), the division consists Gaya district, Nawada d ...
.
Aurangabad became a fully-fledged district when it was split from the
Gaya district in 1972. Aurangabad celebrates its formation day on every 26 January .
Economy
In 2006, the Indian government named Aurangabad one of the country's 250
most backward districts (out of a total of
640
Year 640 ( DCXL) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 640 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming y ...
).
[ It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). Cultivation of Strawberry have significantly contributed to the economy of the farmers of the district. Many farmers from the south and south-west blocks e.g. Amba, Nabinagar Block are growing straberries and are gaining good profits.
The Famous GI tag holder Magahi Paan is also grown by the Chaurasia community of some villages from Deo block.]
History
Since the first Indian general elections in 1952, the Aurangabad Lok Sabha Constituency, which forms a part of Aurangabad district has elected Member of Parliament from Rajput caste only. Other family clansrepresented in Aurangabad include the Mauryans, Guptas and the Gahadavalas (locally spelt “Gadhwal, Gaharwal in Bihar”).
In ancient times, Aurangabad was located in the Mahajanapada kingdom of Magadh (1200 – 322 BCE). The ancient rulers of the town included Bimbisara (late 5th century BCE), Ajatashatru (early 4th century BCE), (321 – 298 BCE) and Ashoka
Ashoka, also known as Asoka or Aśoka ( ; , ; – 232 BCE), and popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was List of Mauryan emperors, Emperor of Magadha from until #Death, his death in 232 BCE, and the third ruler from the Mauryan dynast ...
(268 – 232 BCE).
During the rule of Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri (born Farid al-Din Khan; 1472 or 1486 – 22 May 1545), also known by his title Sultan Adil (), was the ruler of Bihar from 1530 to 1540, and Sultan of Hindustan from 1540 until his death in 1545. He defeated the Mughal Empire, ...
(1486 – 1545 CE), Aurangabad became strategically important as part of the Rohtas Sirkar(district). After the death of Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri (born Farid al-Din Khan; 1472 or 1486 – 22 May 1545), also known by his title Sultan Adil (), was the ruler of Bihar from 1530 to 1540, and Sultan of Hindustan from 1540 until his death in 1545. He defeated the Mughal Empire, ...
Aurangabad fell under the rule of Akbar. The Afghan
Afghan or Afgan may refer to:
Related to Afghanistan
*Afghans, historically refers to the Pashtun people. It is both an ethnicity and nationality. Ethnicity wise, it refers to the Pashtuns. In modern terms, it means both the citizens of Afghanist ...
upsurge in the area was suppressed by Todar Mal. Some elements of Afghan
Afghan or Afgan may refer to:
Related to Afghanistan
*Afghans, historically refers to the Pashtun people. It is both an ethnicity and nationality. Ethnicity wise, it refers to the Pashtuns. In modern terms, it means both the citizens of Afghanist ...
architecture remain.
After the downfall of the Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an Early modern period, early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to ...
, Aurangabad was ruled by the zamindars. the wealthy land owners, including those of Deo, Kutumba, Mali, Pawai, Chandragarh, and Siris. The zamindars resisted British rule. For example, Fateh Narayan Singh of Deo, descendent of Shakti Singh, supported Kunwar Singh against the British.
In 1865, Bihar District was separated from Patna District. Aurangabad was made a subdivision of Bihar district. Stement was the first subdivisional officer of Aurangabad subdivision. The first Member of Parliament from the district was the former Chief Minister of Unified Bihar, Satyendra Narayan Singh (Chhote Saheb).
On 26 January 1973, Aurangabad district, Bihar was created (government notification number 07/11-2071-72 dated 19 January 1973). K. A. H. Subramanyam was the first district magistrate and Surjit Kumar Saha was the sub-divisional officer. This district has remained a hotbed of Dalit assertion as a part of Naxalite-Maoist insurgency. It has also witnessed caste wars between the Rajput landlords and Dalit
Dalit ( from meaning "broken/scattered") is a term used for untouchables and outcasts, who represented the lowest stratum of the castes in the Indian subcontinent. They are also called Harijans. Dalits were excluded from the fourfold var ...
s, the latter were led in this struggle by the peasant caste
A caste is a Essentialism, fixed social group into which an individual is born within a particular system of social stratification: a caste system. Within such a system, individuals are expected to marry exclusively within the same caste (en ...
s like Koeri
The Koeri (spelt as Koiry or Koiri), also referred to as Kushwaha and more recently self-described as Maurya in several parts of northern India are an Indian non-elite caste, found largely in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, whose traditional oc ...
and Yadav
Yadavs are a grouping of non-elite, peasant-pastoral Quote: "The Yadavs were traditionally a low-to-middle-ranking cluster of pastoral-peasant castes that have become a significant political force in Uttar Pradesh (and other northern states l ...
.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census Aurangabad district, Bihar has a population
Population is a set of humans or other organisms in a given region or area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the resident population size within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals, microorganisms, and pl ...
of 2,540,073, roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in West Asia and the geopolitical region known as the Middle East. It is situated in the northern edge of the Arabian Peninsula at the head of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Kuwait ...
or the US state of Nevada
Nevada ( ; ) is a landlocked state in the Western United States. It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the seventh-most extensive, th ...
. This gives it a ranking of 172nd in India (out of a total of 640
Year 640 ( DCXL) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 640 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming y ...
).[ The district has a population density of .][
At the time of the 2011 census, 69.69% of the population spoke ]Magahi
Magahi (), also known as Magadhi (), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal states of eastern India, and in the Terai region of Nepal. Magadhi Prakrit was the ancestor of Magahi, from which the latter's name de ...
, 24.68% Hindi
Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...
and 5.17% Urdu
Urdu (; , , ) is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the Languages of Pakistan, national language and ''lingua franca'' of Pakistan. In India, it is an Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of Indi ...
as their first language.
Administrative Setup
Aurangabad one of the important districts of South Bihar, is bounded on the north by Arwal district, on the south by Palamu district
Palamu district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand, India. It was formed in 1892. The administrative headquarters of the district is Medininagar, situated on the South Koel River, Koel River. Palamu district lies in north-western par ...
of Jharkhand
Jharkhand (; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in East India, eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north ...
, on the East by Gaya district and on the west by Sone River beyond which lies Rohtas district
Rohtas District is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar States and territories of India, state, India. It came into existence when Shahabad district, Shahabad District was bifurcated into Bhojpur & Rohtas in 1972. Administrative headquart ...
. The people of this district mainly speak Magahi
Magahi (), also known as Magadhi (), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal states of eastern India, and in the Terai region of Nepal. Magadhi Prakrit was the ancestor of Magahi, from which the latter's name de ...
and have largely taken up agriculture and other related activities as their occupation. The Grand Trunk Road (NH-19) passes through the district and provides easy transport facility to Kolkata
Kolkata, also known as Calcutta ( its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of West Bengal. It lies on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary ...
in the east and Delhi
Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, but spread chiefly to the west, or beyond its Bank (geography ...
in the west. The district headquarters is at Aurangabad, about 170 kms from Patna
Patna (; , ISO 15919, ISO: ''Paṭanā''), historically known as Pataliputra, Pāṭaliputra, is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India. According to the United Nations, ...
, the state capital.
*District Magistrate
District Magistrate
The district magistrate, also known as the district collector or deputy commissioner, is a career civil servant who serves as the executive head of a district's administration in India. The specific name depends on the state or union territo ...
is posted in the district who is the top most official of Revenue and civil administration. He often belongs to I.A.S. cadre. District Magistrate
The district magistrate, also known as the district collector or deputy commissioner, is a career civil servant who serves as the executive head of a district's administration in India. The specific name depends on the state or union territo ...
conducts development and welfare works in the district. ADM and other officers are posted in order to help D.M.
*Superintendent of Police
The Superintendent of Police, Aurangabad is the head of the district police administration. The Deputy Superintendent of Police are posted to assist the police superintendent who are either from the Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became Partition of India, independent from the British Empire.
Along with the Indian Admini ...
or the Bihar Police Service. In each subdivision of the district, the Deputy Superintendent of Police are posted who keep control on police administration.
*Judicial Administration
Judicial Administration: The Judges and magistrates are posted at district and sub-division who administer and deliver justice of different kinds. The district judiciary is part of Indian judicial system as envisaged in Indian Constitution
The Constitution of India is the supreme legal document of India, and the longest written national constitution in the world. The document lays down the framework that demarcates fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and ...
and independent of district administration.
Sub-divisions(Tehsil)
The district has been divided into two subdivisions, which are headed by sub-divisional officers either from I.A.S. or B.P.S.C. cadre. S.D.Os. are under direct authority of D.M.
# Aurangabad
# Daudnagar
Blocks
These Subdivisions are divided in 11 development blocks where B.D.Os. are posted who undertake development and welfare projects. Aurangabad district has 1884 villages.
Villages and Panchayats
Politics
Constituencies
Aurangabad district is represented in both the Parliament (Lok Sabha) and the Bihar Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha). The district is divided between two parliamentary constituencies— Karakat and Aurangabad—and includes six assembly constituencies.
Lok Sabha Elections 2024 Results:
Tourism
* Deo Surya Mandir
* Deo Fort
* Umga Sun Temple
* Biodiversity Park, Deo in Aurangabad district
See also
* Barun, India town in Aurangabad District
* Daudnagar, A major town of Aurangabad district
* Deo, town in Aurangabad district
* Surkhi, a village in Aurangabad district
* Uphara, a village in Aurangabad district
References
External links
Aurangabad information portal
{{Authority control
Magadh division
Districts of Bihar
1973 establishments in Bihar