Ahmad () is an

Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...

male

given name A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identifies a person, potentially with a middle name as well, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a f ...

common in most parts of the

Muslim world The terms Islamic world and Muslim world commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah. This consists of all those who adhere to the religious beliefs, politics, and laws of Islam or to societies in which Islam is ...

. Other English spellings of the name include Ahmed. It is also used as a surname.

Etymology

The word derives from the root ( ḥ-m-d), from the

(), from the verb (''ḥameda'', "to thank or to praise"), non-past participle ().

Lexicology

As an Arabic name, it has its origins in a

Quranic The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which ...

prophecy attributed to

Jesus Jesus (AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament, other names and titles, was a 1st-century Jewish preacher and religious leader. He is the Jesus in Chris ...

in the Quran which most Islamic scholars concede is about

Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...

. It also shares the same roots as

Mahmud Mahmud is a transliteration of the male Arabic given name (), common in most parts of the Islamic world. It comes from the Arabic triconsonantal root Ḥ-M-D, meaning ''praise'', along with ''Muhammad''. Given name Mahmood * Mahmood Ali (1928 ...

, Hamed, and Hamad. In its transliteration, the name has one of the highest number of spelling variations in the world. Some

Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...

ic traditions view the name Ahmad as another given name of

at birth by his mother, considered by

Muslims Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

to be the more esoteric name of Muhammad and central to understanding his nature. Over the centuries, some Islamic scholars have suggested the name's parallel is in the word '

Paraclete ''Paraclete'' (; ) is a Christian biblical term occurring five times in the Johannine texts of the New Testament. In Christian theology, the word commonly refers to the Holy Spirit and is translated as 'advocate', 'counsellor', or 'helper'. E ...

' from the Biblical text,"Isa", Encyclopedia of Islam although this view is not universal considering translations, meanings and etymology.A. Guthrie and E. F. F. Bishop, p. 253–254. Traditional Islamic sources, such as

Sahih al-Bukhari () is the first hadith collection of the Six Books of Sunni Islam. Compiled by Islamic scholar al-Bukhari () in the format, the work is valued by Sunni Muslims, alongside , as the most authentic after the Qur'an. Al-Bukhari organized the bo ...

Sahih Muslim () is the second hadith collection of the Six Books of Sunni Islam. Compiled by Islamic scholar Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj () in the format, the work is valued by Sunnis, alongside , as the most important source for Islamic religion after the Q ...

, and others contain

hadith Hadith is the Arabic word for a 'report' or an 'account f an event and refers to the Islamic oral tradition of anecdotes containing the purported words, actions, and the silent approvals of the Islamic prophet Muhammad or his immediate circle ...

in which Muhammad personally refers to himself as Ahmad. Christian orientalists such as W. Montgomery Watt, however, claim that the use of Ahmad as a proper name for "Muhammad" did not exist until well into the second Islamic century, previously being used only in an adjectival sense. Watt concludes that the development of the term being used as a name in reference to Muhammad came later in the context of Christian-Muslim polemics, particularly with Muslim attempts to equate Muhammad with the Biblical 'Paraclete', owing to a prophecy attributed to

in the Quranic verse 61:6.

Interpretations and meanings of Ahmad

Development

Regarding

Ibn Ishaq Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasar al-Muttalibi (; – , known simply as Ibn Ishaq, was an 8th-century Muslim historian and hagiographer who collected oral traditions that formed the basis of an important biography of the Islamic proph ...

's biography of Muhammad, the

Sirat Rasul Allah ''Sirat Rasul Allah'' (The Life of God's Messenger) is a biography of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Ibn Hisham published a further revised version of the book, under the same title '' Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah''. Original version, survival Ibn Is ...

, Islamic scholar

Alfred Guillaume Alfred Guillaume (8 November 1888 – 30 November 1965) was a British Christian Arabist, scholar of the Hebrew Bible / Old Testament and Islam. Career Guillaume was born in Edmonton, Middlesex, the son of Alfred Guillaume. He took up Arabi ...

wrote:

Ahmad passage

Here are two translations of the passage in question in Surat 61 verse 6: The verse in the Quran attributes a name or designation, describing or identifying who would follow Jesus. In his

Farewell Discourse In the New Testament, wikisource:Bible (American Standard)/John#14:1, chapters 14–17 of the Gospel of John are known as the Farewell Discourse given by Jesus to eleven of his Disciple (Christianity), disciples immediately after the conclusion o ...

to his disciples, Jesus promised that he would "send the

Holy Spirit The Holy Spirit, otherwise known as the Holy Ghost, is a concept within the Abrahamic religions. In Judaism, the Holy Spirit is understood as the divine quality or force of God manifesting in the world, particularly in acts of prophecy, creati ...

" to them after his departure, in John 15:26 stating: "whom I will send unto you from the Father,

ven Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It comprises an area of , and its popul ...

the Spirit of truth... shall bear witness of me." John 14:17 states "

the Spirit of truth: whom the world cannot receive; for it beholdeth him not, neither knoweth him: ye know him; for he abideth with you, and shall be in you."''John'' by Andreas J. Köstenberger 2004 , page 442.''The Gospel of John: Question by Question'' by Judith Schubert 2009 , pages 112–127. Regarding verse 61: 6 in the Quran: Contrary to the above claim that Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Hisham did not mention Ahmad and the respective passage, there is Ibn Ishaq's work with the title Kitab al-Maghazi and Ibn Hisham who mention and connect the words Mohammad & Ahmad with the

. Additionally it has been documented that there was an attempt to connect the respective quranic verse with the Paraclete even earlier then Ibn Ishaq. Moreover, a later interpolation of this passage to the Quran, just to serve as an ex eventu prove for the early Muslim scholars, has also been refuted in modern Islamic Studies. This is supported by the fact that the earliest as well as the later manuscripts of the Quran contain the exact passage and wording in Surah 61.

Scholarship regarding the Greek translation

"Early translators knew nothing about the surmised reading of periklutos for parakletos, and its possible rendering as Ahmad …. Periklutos does not come into the picture as far as Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Hisham are concerned. The deception is not theirs. The opportunity to introduce Ahmad was not accepted – though it is highly improbable that they were aware of it being a possible rendering of Periklutos. It would have clinched the argument to have followed the Johannine references with a Quranic quotation." "Furthermore the Peshitta, Old Syriac, and Philoxenian versions all write the name of John in the form Yuhanan, not in the Greek form Yuhannis.. Accordingly to find a text of the Gospels from which Ibn Ishaq could have drawn his quotation we must look for a version which differs from all others in displaying these characteristics. Such a text is the Palestinian Syriac Lectionary of the Gospels which will conclusively prove that the Arabic writer had a Syriac text before him which he, or his informant, skillfully manipulated to provide the reading we have in the Sira.". "Muslim children are never called Ahmad before the year 123AH. But there are many instances prior to this date of boys called 'Muhammad.' Very rarely is the name 'Ahmad' met with in pre-Islamic time of ignorance (Jahiliya), though the name Muhammad was in common use. Later traditions that the prophet's name was Ahmad show that this had not always been obvious, though commentators assume it after about 22 (AH)." "It has been concluded that the word Ahmad in Quran as-Saff 61:6 is to be taken not as a proper name but as an adjective... and that it was understood as a proper name only after Muhammad had been identified with the Paraclete." "Note that by the middle of the 2nd century AH, Muslims already identified Muhammad with the Greek word "Paracletos" (Counsellor / Advocate) or the Aramaic translation "Menahhemana."

Alleged historical document regarding the topic

Text of the correspondence between `

Umar II Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Marwan (; February 720) was the eighth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 717 until his death in 720. He is credited to have instituted significant reforms to the Umayyad central government, by making it much more efficient and ...

and Leo III: "We recognize Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John as the authors of the Gospel, and yet I know that this truth, recognized by us Christians wounds you, so that you seek to find accomplices for your lie. In brief, you admit that we say that it was written by God, and brought down from the heavens, as you pretend for your Furqan, although we know that it was `Umar,

Abu Turab Abū Turāb (), is a title attributed to Ali ibn Abi Talib, the fourth Muslim Caliph, who is seen by Shia Muslims as the first of their Imams. According to Islamic tradition the Arabic title "Abu Turab" was given to Ali ibn Abi Talib by Muhammad ...

and

Salman the Persian Salman Farsi (; ) was a Persian religious scholar and one of the companions of Muhammad. As a practicing Zoroastrian, he dedicated much of his early life to studying to become a magus, after which he began travelling extensively throughout Weste ...

, who composed that, even though the rumor has got round among you that God sent it down from heavens.... odhas chosen the way of sending he human raceProphets, and it is for this reason that the Lord, having finished all those things that He had decided on beforehand, and having fore-announced His incarnation by way of His prophets, yet knowing that men still had need of assistance from God, promised to send the Holy Spirit, under the name of Paraclete, (Consoler), to console them in the distress and sorrow they felt at the departure of their Lord and Master. I reiterate, that it was for this cause alone that Jesus called the Holy Spirit the Paraclete, since He sought to console His disciples for His departure, and recall to them all that He had said, all that He had done before their eyes, all that they were called to propagate throughout the world by their witness. Paraclete thus signifies "consoler", while Muhammad means "to give thanks", or "to give grace", a meaning which has no connection whatever with the word Paraclete." However the authenticity of the correspondence has been put into question by scholars.

Transliterations

''Ahmad'' is the most common transliteration. It is used commonly all over the

, although primarily in the

Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...

. More recently, this transliteration has become increasingly popular in the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

due to use by members of the

African American African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from an ...

community. ''Ahmed'' is the most common variant transliteration, used especially in the context of the Ottoman Empire. This transliteration is also used throughout the

. ''Ahmet'' is the modern Turkish transliteration. Modern Turkish uses a Latin-based alphabet, and most Arabic-derived names have standardized Turkish spellings. The less common transliterations of ''Ahmad'' are used by Muslims outside the Middle East proper, such as in Indonesia and Russia. For

Bashkirs The Bashkirs ( , ) or Bashkorts (, ; , ) are a Turkic peoples, Turkic ethnic group indigenous to Russia. They are concentrated in Bashkortostan, a Republics of Russia, republic of the Russian Federation and in the broader historical region of B ...

and

Tatars Tatars ( )Tatar
in the Collins English Dictionary are a group of Turkic peoples across Eas ...

, the name is Әхмәт (Äxmät / Əxmət). ''Achmat'' is the fairly standard transliteration used by South Africa's Muslim community, and its pronunciation shows evidence of the influence of Afrikaans: the which represents ح �is pronounced as an Afrikaans (i.e. closer to the Arabic خ); and the د is realised as a (closer to the Arabic ت) which follows Afrikaans

Final-obstruent devoicing Final-obstruent devoicing or terminal devoicing is a systematic phonological process occurring in languages such as Catalan, German, Dutch, Quebec French, Breton, Russian, Polish, Lithuanian, Turkish, and Wolof. In such languages, voic ...

principles.

People with the given name

Ahmad

Ahmad ibn Hanbal Ahmad ibn Hanbal (; (164-241 AH; 780 – 855 CE) was an Arab Muslim scholar, jurist, theologian, traditionist, ascetic and eponym of the Hanbali school of Islamic jurisprudence—one of the four major orthodox legal schools of Sunni Islam. T ...

, (780–855) was an Arab Muslim jurist, theologian, ascetic, hadith traditionist, and founder of the Hanbali school of Islamic jurisprudence. * Ahmad ibn Isma'il ibn Ali al-Hashimi, was an Abbasid provincial governor who was active in the late eighth century. *Ahmad ibn al-Mu'tasim, was an Abbasid prince and son of Abbasid caliph

Al-Mu'tasim Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Rashīd (; October 796 – 5 January 842), better known by his laqab, regnal name al-Muʿtaṣim biʾllāh (, ), was the eighth Abbasid Caliphate, Abbasid caliph, ruling from 833 until his death in 842. ...

. He was also patron of Science, philosophy and Art. * Ahmad ibn Muhammad, (died 866) better known as ''Al-Musta'in'' was the twelfth

Abbasid caliph The Abbasid caliphs were the holders of the Islamic title of caliph who were members of the Abbasid dynasty, a branch of the Quraysh tribe descended from the uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The family came ...

(r. 862–866). *

Ahmad Shah Durrani Ahmad Shāh Durrānī (; ; – 4 June 1772), also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī (), was the first ruler and founder of the Durrani Empire. He is often regarded as the founder of modern Afghanistan. Throughout his reign, Ahmad Shah fought ov ...

, founder of the Afghan Durrani Empire * Ahmad Khan Yousafzai, founder of

Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (; ; , ; abbr. KP or KPK), formerly known as the North West Frontier Province (NWFP), is a province of Pakistan. Located in the northwestern region of the country, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is the fourth largest province of Paki ...

Ahmad Shah Bahadur Ahmad Shah Bahadur, also known as Mirza Ahmad Shah or Mujahid-ud-Din Ahmad Shah Ghazi (23 December 1725 – 1 January 1775), was the fourteenth Mughal emperor, born to Emperor Muhammad Shah. He succeeded his father to the throne in 1748, at ...

Mughal Emperor The emperors of the Mughal Empire, who were all members of the Timurid dynasty (House of Babur), ruled the empire from its inception on 21 April 1526 to its dissolution on 21 September 1857. They were supreme monarchs of the Mughal Empire in ...

* Sheikh Ahmad, Siamese official of Persian ancestry *

Ahmad (rapper) Ahmad Ali Lewis (born October 12, 1975), Mononymous person, simply known as Ahmad (often stylized in all caps), is an American rapper, songwriter, motivational speaker and author from Los Angeles, California. He is perhaps best known for the 19 ...

, West Coast hip hop performer * Ahmad Abbas, Saudi Arabian footballer *

Ahmad Abdalla Ahmad Abdalla El Sayed Abdelkader () (born on December 19, 1979, Cairo) is an Egyptian film director, editor and screenwriter. His debut feature film is ''Heliopolis (2009 film), Heliopolis'' (2009); his second film is ''Microphone (film), Microp ...

, Egyptian film director * Ahmad Adel, Egyptian footballer *

Ahmad Ahmadi Ahmad Ahmadi (; 1885 – October 1944, known as ''Pezeshk Ahmadi'' meaning Physician Ahmadi) was an Iranian nurse. He was born in Mashhad to Mohammad Ali Ahmadi. He worked as a nurse at Qasr Prison in Tehran, where he was ordered to kill politic ...

, Iranian physician *

Ahmed Ajaj Ahmed Mohammad Ajaj (also transliterated Ahmad; ; born 1966) is a Palestinian citizen who is convicted of participating in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. He is currently serving an 84-year sentence at USP Victorville for taking part in th ...

, Palestinian convicted of participating in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing *

Ahmad Ismail Ali Field Marshal Ahmad Ismail Ali (; 14 October 1917 – 25 December 1974) was an Egyptian senior military officer who was Egypt's minister of war during the Yom Kippur War of 1973. He is best known for his planning of the attack across the Suez ...

(1917–1974), Egyptian army officer *

Ahmad Alaq Sultan Ahmad Khan ( Chagatai and Persian: سلطان احمد خان; b. 1465 – 1504), better known as Ahmad Alaq was the Khan of Eastern Moghulistan ( Turpan Khanate) from 1487 to 1504. He was the second son of Yunus Khan. His mother was S ...

, Khan of eastern

Moghulistan Moghulistan, also called the Moghul Khanate or the Eastern Chagatai Khanate, was a Muslims, Muslim, Mongol, and later Turkic peoples, Turkic breakaway khanate of the Chagatai Khanate and a historical geographic area north of the Tian Shan, Teng ...

Ahmad Amin Ahmad Amin (Arabic: أحمد أمين), (1954-1886) was an Egyptian historian and writer. He wrote a series of books on the history of the Islamic civilization (1928–1953), a famous autobiography (''My Life'', 1950), as well as an important d ...

, Egyptian historian and writer * Ahmad A'zam, Uzbek writer *

Ahmed Ibrahim Artan Ahmed Ibrahim Artan ; ) is a Somali diplomat, author and currently Minister of Security of Puntland.. He is the former Labourers and Youth adviser to the Somali president. Personal life Ahmed is originally from the autonomous Puntland region ...

, Somali diplomat, author and politician *

Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (, Harari: አሕመድ ኢብራሂም አል-ጋዚ, ; 21 July 1506 – 10 February 1543) was the Imam of the Adal Sultanate from 1527 to 1543. Commonly named Ahmed ''Gragn'' in Amharic and ''Gurey'' in Somali, ...

, The Somali Imam of

Adal Sultanate The Adal Sultanate, also known as the Adal Empire or Barr Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling ''Adel Sultanate'', ''Adal Sultanate'') (), was a medieval Sunni Muslim empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on th ...

who conquered Abyssinia *

Ahmad Bahar Ahmad Bahar (1889– 1957) was an Iranian politician, poet, journalist, and farmer. Literary career Bahar was a student of Abdoljavad Adib Neishaboori in Mashad in the field of Persian and Arabic literature. He was a journalist and started his ...

, Iranian politician *Ahmad Balshe, Palestinian-Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer known professionally as

Belly Belly may refer to: Anatomy * The abdomen, the part of the body between the pelvis and the thorax; or the stomach ** A beer belly, an overhang of fat above the waist, presumed to be caused by regular beer drinking ** Belly dance * The fleshy, ce ...

Ahmad Belal Ahmad Farag Mohamed Belal ( ; born August 20, 1980) is an Egyptians, Egyptian football (soccer), football Forward (association football), striker. Career Ahmed Belal started playing professionally for the Egyptian team, Al Ahly SC, Al Ahly, sin ...

, Egyptian former football player * Ahmad bey Javanshir, Azerbaijani historian *

Ahmad Black Ahmad Black (born December 12, 1988) is an American former professional football player who was a safety for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Florida Gators, and was a member of ...

, American football safety for the Florida Gators *

Ahmad Bradshaw Ahmad Bradshaw (born March 19, 1986) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Marshall Thundering Herd. Bradshaw was selected in the seven ...

, American former football running back for the Indianapolis Colts * Ahmad Brooks, American football linebacker for the San Francisco 49ers * Ahmad Bunnag of Siam * Ahmad Bustomi, Indonesian footballer * Ahmad Carroll, American football free agent *

Ahmad Dahlan Kyai Hajji, Haji Ahmad Dahlan (born as Muhammad Darwis;‎ ;‎ 1 August 1868 – 23 February 1923), often abbreviated to K.H. Ahmad Dahlan, was an Indonesian Islam in Indonesia, Muslim Kyai, religious leader and Islamic revivalism, revival ...

, Indonesian Islamic revivalist *

Ahmad Dhani Dhani Ahmad Prasetyo (born 26 May 1972), better known as Ahmad Dhani, sometimes Dhani Ahmad, Dhani Ahmad Manaf, or simply Dhani, is an Indonesian musician, media personality and politician. He was the frontman of Dewa 19 (together with Once Mek ...

, Indonesian musician * Ahmad Dukhqan, Jordanian politician * Ahmad Esfandiari (1922–2012) Iranian painter *

Ahmad Fanakati Ahmad Fanākatī, alternatively rendered as Ahmad Banākatī (; ; before 1242 — 10 April 1282) was a Persian Muslim from the Qara Khitai (Western Liao dynasty) who served as chancellor and finance minister of the Yuan dynasty during Kublai's ...

, financial officer of

Kublai Khan Kublai Khan (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder and first emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China. He proclaimed the ...

Yuan Dynasty The Yuan dynasty ( ; zh, c=元朝, p=Yuáncháo), officially the Great Yuan (; Mongolian language, Mongolian: , , literally 'Great Yuan State'), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after Div ...

* Ahmad Fuadi, Indonesian writer * Ahmad "Sauce" Gardner (born 2000), American football player * Ahmad Gooden (born 1995), American football player *

Ahmad Hardi Ahmad Hardi (; 1922 – 29 October 2006) was a prominent Kurdish language, Kurdish poet. He was born into an intellectual family in Sulaimaniya in Iraqi Kurdistan. He possessed a deep knowledge of classical Kurdish, Arabic and Persian poetry and h ...

, Kurdish poet *

Ahmad Hardy Ahmad Hardy (born December 19, 2005) is an American football running back for the Missouri Tigers. He previously played for the Louisiana–Monroe Warhawks. High school career Hardy attended Lawrence County High School in Monticello, Mississi ...

, American football player * Ahmad Hawkins, American football defensive back for the Alabama Vipers * Ahmad Hijazi (born 1994), Lebanese footballer *

, Founder of the

Hanbalite The Hanbali school or Hanbalism is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence, belonging to the Ahl al-Hadith tradition within Sunni Islam. It is named after and based on the teachings of the 9th-century scholar, jurist and traditio ...

school of Muslim jurisprudence *

Ahmad ibn Fadlan Ahmad ibn Fadlan ibn al-Abbas al-Baghdadi () or simply known as Ibn Fadlan, was a 10th-century traveler from Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate, famous for his account of his travels as a member of an embassy of the Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadir to the king ...

Abbasid The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 C ...

ambassador to the

Volga Bulgars Volga Bulgaria or Volga–Kama Bulgaria (sometimes referred to as the Volga Bulgar Emirate) was a historical Bulgar state that existed between the 9th and 13th centuries around the confluence of the Volga and Kama River, in what is now Europea ...

Ahmad ibn Tulun Ahmad ibn Tulun (; c. 20 September 835 – 10 May 884) was the founder of the Tulunid dynasty that ruled Egypt in the Middle Ages, Egypt and Bilad al-Sham, Syria between 868 and 905. Originally a Turkic peoples, Turkic slave-soldier, in 868 Ibn ...

, founder of the

Tulunid dynasty The Tulunid State, also known as the Tulunid Emirate or The State of Banu Tulun, and popularly referred to as the Tulunids () was a Mamluk dynasty of Turkic origin who was the first independent dynasty to rule Egypt, as well as much of Syria, s ...

* Ahmad-Jabir Ahmadov, "Honored teacher" of Azerbaijan * Ahmad Jalloul (born 1992), Lebanese footballer *

Ahmad Jamal Ahmad Jamal (born Frederick Russell Jones; July 2, 1930 – April 16, 2023) was an American jazz pianist, composer, bandleader, and educator. For six decades, he was one of the most successful small-group leaders in jazz. He was a NEA Jazz Ma ...

, American jazz pianist * Ahmad Javad (1892–1937), Azerbaijani poet *

Ahmad Sayyed Javadi Ahmad Sayyed Javadi (; 24 June 1917 – 31 March 2013) was an Iranian lawyer, political activist and politician, who served as interior minister and justice minister. He was the first interior minister after the 1979 revolution in Iran. Ear ...

, Iranian lawyer and politician * Ahmad Karami (1944–2020), Lebanese politician *

Ahmad Kasravi Ahmad Hokmabadi Tabrizi (; 29 September 1890 – 11 March 1946), later known as Ahmad Kasravi, was a pre-eminent Iranian historian, jurist, linguist, theologian, a staunch secularist and intellectual. He was a professor of law at the University ...

, Iranian linguists and historian * Ahmad Khatib, first

Masjid al-Haram Masjid al-Haram (), also known as the Sacred Mosque or the Great Mosque of Mecca, is considered to be the most significant mosque in Islam. It encloses the vicinity of the Kaaba in Mecca, in the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia. It is among the ...

Imam Imam (; , '; : , ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Salah, Islamic prayers, serve as community leaders, ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

n origin *

Ahmad Maher (disambiguation) Ahmad Maher may refer to: * Ahmad Mahir Pasha (1888–1945), former Prime Minister of Egypt * Ahmad Maher (diplomat) (1935–2010), grandson of Ahmad Mahir Pasha and former Foreign Minister of Egypt * Ahmad Maher (director), Egyptian film director * ...

, various people * Ahmad Majid, Mughal faujdar of Sylhet *

Ahmad Mohammad Hasher Al Maktoum Sheikh Ahmad bin Mohammad bin Hasher Al Maktoum (أحمد بن محمد بن حشر آل مكتوم) (born 31 December 1963 in Dubai) is an United Arab Emirates, Emirati shooting sport, sports shooter who won the first ever Olympic medal for his ...

Ahmed Mohamed Kismayo Ahmed Mohamed Ali Kismayo (; born 1964—2017, ); was a Somali journalist who worked for the BBC Somali Service between 1997 and 2012. Later he was the first Director of the Puntland TV and Radio which was established in 2013, and held that po ...

, Somali Journalist (1964–2017) * Ahmad Miller, former defensive tackle for the National Football League *

Ahmad Mirfendereski Ahmad Mirfendereski (; 9 May 1918 – 2 May 2004) was an Iranian diplomat, politician and the last minister of foreign affairs of the Shah era in Iran. Career Mirfendereski began his career at the ministry of foreign affairs and held many posts ...

(1918–2004), Iranian diplomat *

Ahmad Merritt Ahmad Rashad Merritt (born February 5, 1977) is a former American football wide receiver. He was signed by the Chicago Bears as an undrafted free agent in 2000. He played college football at Wisconsin. Merritt was also a member of the Dallas C ...

, American football free agent *

Ahmad Muin Yaacob On 25 November 2016, at Tanah Merah Ferry Terminal, Singapore, during a heated argument, Ahmad Muin bin Yaacob, a 23-year-old Malaysians, Malaysian cleaner, killed his 54-year-old supervisor Maimunah binte Awang by stabbing her with a pair of gras ...

, Malaysian convicted murderer * Ahmad Murad (1943–2004), Bruneian diplomat * Ahmad Nafisi (1919–2004), Iranian bureaucrat and mayor of Tehran (1961–1963) *

Ahmad Nateghi Ahmad Nateghi (; born 1958) is an Iranian photographer and photojournalist, who is best known for his photos of the Iran–Iraq War. Life Ahmad Nateghi was born in 1958, in the south of Tehran. He started photography as a teenager in the 1970s. ...

(born 1958) Iranian photojournalist, photographer * Ahmad Nivins, American basketball player *

Ahmad ibn Rustah Ahmad ibn Rusta Isfahani (), more commonly known as ibn Rusta (, also spelled ''ibn Roste''), was a tenth-century Muslim Persian explorer and geographer born in Rosta, Isfahan in the Abbasid Caliphate. He wrote a geographical compendium known ...

, Persian chronicler born in Isfahan, Persia *

Ahmad Rashad Ahmad Rashad ( ; born Robert Earl Moore; November 19, 1949) is an American sportscaster and former professional football wide receiver. He was the fourth overall selection of the 1972 NFL draft, taken by the St. Louis Cardinals. He was known ...

, American sportscaster and former football player * Ahmad Al Abdullah Al Sabah (born 1952), Kuwaiti royal and politician *

Ahmad Sa'adat Ahmad Sa'adat (also transliterated from Arabic as Ahmed Sadat or Saadat; ; born 1953), also known as Abu Ghassan, is a Palestinian militant, and Secretary-General of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), a Marxist–Lenin ...

, Secretary-General of the

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP; ) is a secular Palestinian Marxist–Leninist organization founded in 1967 by George Habash. It has consistently been the second-largest of the groups forming the Palestine Liberation ...

* Ahmad Saad, Saudi Arabian football player *

Ahmad Said (politician) Ahmad bin Said (born 15 February 1957) is a Malaysian politician who served as the 13th Menteri Besar of Terengganu from March 2008 to May 2013, Leader of the Opposition of Terengganu from March 2019 to August 2023, Member of the Terengganu ...

, Malaysian politician *

Ahmad Sakr Ahmad Ali Al Sakr (; born 7 April 1970) is a Lebanese former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Club career Sakr joined Nejmeh on 1 October 2005. International career Sakr was the Lebanon national team's goalkeeper during the matches ...

(born 1970), Lebanese footballer *

Ahmad Sanjar Sanjar (, ; full name: ''Muizz ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Adud ad-Dawlah Abul-Harith Ahmad Sanjar ibn Malik-Shah'') (6 November 1086 – 8 May 1157) was the Seljuq ruler of Khorasan from 1097 until 1118,Seljuk Turks The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids ( ; , ''Saljuqian'',) alternatively spelled as Saljuqids or Seljuk Turks, was an Oghuz Turks, Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate society, Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persi ...

Ahmad Ali Sepehr Ahmad Ali Sepehr, also known as Movarrekh Al Dowleh, (1889–1976) was an Iranian historian and politician. He held several government posts during both the Qajar and Pahlavi rule. Early life and education Sepehr was born in Tehran in 1889. His ...

, Iranian historian and politician *

Ahmad Shah Massoud Ahmad Shāh Massoud (2 September 19539 September 2001) was an Afghan militant leader and politician. He was a guerrilla commander during the resistance against the Soviet occupation during the Soviet–Afghan War from 1979 to 1989. In the 19 ...

Afghan Afghan or Afgan may refer to: Related to Afghanistan *Afghans, historically refers to the Pashtun people. It is both an ethnicity and nationality. Ethnicity wise, it refers to the Pashtuns. In modern terms, it means both the citizens of Afghanist ...

military leader Deputy Justice on the Supreme Court of Afghanistan *

Ahmad Shah Qajar Ahmad Shah Qajar (‎; 21 January 1898 – 21 February 1930) was the List of monarchs of Iran, shah of Iran (Name of Iran, Persia) from 16 July 1909 to 15 December 1925, and the seventh and final ruling member of the Qajar dynasty. Ahmad Shah ...

, Last

Shah Shāh (; ) is a royal title meaning "king" in the Persian language.Yarshater, Ehsa, ''Iranian Studies'', vol. XXII, no. 1 (1989) Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Per ...

of the

Qajar dynasty The Qajar family (; 1789–1925) was an Iranian royal family founded by Mohammad Khan (), a member of the Qoyunlu clan of the Turkoman-descended Qajar tribe. The dynasty's effective rule in Iran ended in 1925 when Iran's '' Majlis'', conven ...

military leader Deputy Justice on the Supreme Court of Afghanistan *

Ahmad Shamlou Ahmad Shamlou (, ''Ahmad Šāmlū'' , also known under his pen name A. Bamdad ()) (December 12, 1925 – July 23, 2000) was an Iranian peoples, Iranian poet, writer, and journalist. Shamlou was arguably the most influential poet of modern Iran. ...

, Persian poet and writer *

Ahmad Shukeiri Ahmad al-Shukeiri (, also transliterated al-Shuqayri, Shuqairi, Shuqeiri, Shukeiry; 1 January 1908 – 26 February 1980) was a Palestinian political leader and the first Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization, serving from 1964 to ...

, first Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization *

Ahmad Sohrab Mírzá Aḥmad Sohráb (March 21, 1890 – April 20, 1958) was a Persian-American author and Baháʼí who served as 'Abdu'l-Bahá's secretary and interpreter from 1912 to 1919. He co-founded the New History Society and the Caravan of East and ...

, Persian author *

Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif (31 May 1935 – 27 May 2022), popularly known as Buya Syafi'i, was an Indonesian Islamic scholar and intellectual. He was chairman of Muhammadiyah between 1998 and 2005. Educated in the United States, he was known for hi ...

, Indonesian intellectual * Ahmad Tajuddin, 27th Sultan of

Brunei Brunei, officially Brunei Darussalam, is a country in Southeast Asia, situated on the northern coast of the island of Borneo. Apart from its coastline on the South China Sea, it is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak, with ...

* Ahmad Taktouk (born 1984), Lebanese footballer * Ahmad Tekuder (died 1284), leader of the Mongol Ilkhanate *

Ahmad Tejan Kabbah Alhaji Ahmad Tejan Kabbah (16 February 1932 – 13 March 2014) was a Sierra Leonean politician who served twice as the 3rd President of Sierra Leone, from 1996 to 1997 and again from 1998 to 2007. An economist and attorney by profession, Kab ...

, President of Sierra Leone *

Ahmad bin Ali Al Thani Ahmad bin Ali bin Abdullah bin Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani (; 1922 – 25 November 1977) was the Emir of Qatar who ruled from 1960 to 1972. Qatar's financial status improved significantly during his reign as a result of the enrichment and disc ...

, Emir of the State of Qatar * Ahmad Thomas (born 1994), American football player * Ahmad Treaudo, American football cornerback for the California Redwoods *

Ahmad Yani Ahmad Yani (19 June 1922 – 1 October 1965) was the Commander of the Indonesian Army, and was killed by members of the 30 September Movement during an attempt to kidnap him from his house. Early life Ahmad Yani was born in Jenar, Purwore ...

, Indonesian Army general *Ahmad Zarruq, Shadhili Sufi Sheikh *Ahmad Yaakob, Malaysian politician; Menteri Besar of Kelantan *Ahmad Najib Aris, Malaysian convicted rapist and killer who was hanged for the rape and murder of Canny Ong * Ahmad Lawan, President of the Senate of Nigeria

Ahmed

* Ahmed I, sultan of the Ottoman Empire * Ahmed II, sultan of the Ottoman Empire * Ahmed III, sultan of the Ottoman Empire * Ahmed Abdel Wahab Pasha (1889–1938), Egyptian economist * Ahmed Abukhater, urban and regional planner and Palestinian-American powerlifter * Ahmed Ahmed, Egyptian American actor and comedian * Ahmed Al-Kaf, Omani football referee * Ahmed Arif (1927–1991), Turkish poet * Ahmed Ali Awan (born 1980), convicted of the racially motivated murder of Ross Parker * Ahmed Fouad Alkhatib, Palestinian American activist * Ahmed Saidu Baba (born 1973), Nigerian politician, member of the Kwara State House of Assembly * Ahmed Baduri, Eritrean diplomat * Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, former President of Iraq * Ahmed Ben Bella, the first President of Algeria * Ahmed Chalabi, leader of the Iraqi National Congress * Ahmed El Din (disambiguation), multiple people * Ahmed Galal (politician) (born 1948), Egyptian economist * Ahmed al-Ghamdi (1979–2001), Saudi hijacker of United Airlines Flight 175 * Ahmed al-Haznawi (1980–2001), Saudi hijacker of United Airlines Flight 93 * Ahmed Hulusi, Turkish writer and Sufi * Ahmed Hussein (disambiguation), multiple people * Ahmed Hussen, Somali-Canadian lawyer * Ahmed Imamovic, Bosnian film director * * Ahmed Abu Ismail, Egyptian economist and politician * Ahmed Mohamed Kathrada (1929–2017), South African politician, political prisoner and anti-apartheid activist. * Ahmed Khadr, Egyptian-Canadian senior associate and financier of al-Qaeda * Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi, Mujaddid of 14th century of Islam * Ahmed Köprülü, Ottoman Grand Vizier of the Köprülü family * Ahmed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, United Arab Emirati politician * Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum, United Arab Emirati businessman * Ahmed M. Hassan, Somali politician * Ahmed Marei, Egyptian basketball coach and former player * Ahmed Mohiuddin, Pakistani people, Pakistani biologist * Ahmed Musa, Nigerian footballer * Ahmed Naamani (born 1979), Lebanese footballer * Ahmed Nadeem, cricketer * Ahmed bin Saif Al Nahyan, founder and chairman of Etihad Airways * Ahmed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Emirati businessman * Ahmed al-Nami (1977–2001), Saudi hijacker of United Airlines Flight 93 * Ahmed Nazif (born 1952), Egyptian politician * Ahmed Nizam, Indian cricketer * Ahmed Elmi Osman, Somali politician * Ahmed Patel, Indian politician * Ahmed Plummer, former NFL player * Ahmed Rushdi, Pakistani singer * Ahmed Rushdi (politician), Ahmed Rushdi, Egyptian politician * Ahmed Salim (murderer), Ahmed Salim, Bangladeshi painter and murderer hanged in Singapore in 2024 * Ahmed bin Salman Al Saud, member of the royal family of Saudi Arabia * Ahmed Santos (boxer), Ahmed Santos, Mexican newspaper columnist * Ahmed Şerafettin, Turkish football manager * Ahmed al-Sharaa (born 1982), Syrian revolutionary, military commander, politician and current President of Syria * Ahmed Sheikh, Palestinian journalist * Ahmed Talbi, Moroccan footballer * Ahmed Kellow, Ethiopian Businessman * Ahmed bin Abdullah Al Thunayan (1889–1923), Turkish born Saudi royal * Ahmed Sékou Touré, African political leader and president of the Republic of Guinea * Ahmed Yassin, former leader of Palestinian Hamas * Ahmed Yesevi, leader of Sufi mysticism * Ahmed H. Zewail, the winner of the 1999 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on femtochemistry * Bola Tinubu, Ahmed Bola Tinubu, President of Nigeria since 2023.

Ahmet

* Ahmet Akdilek (born 1988), Turkish cyclist * Ahmet Alkan, Turkish economist * Ahmet Almaz, Turkish journalist * Ahmet Bilek (1932–1971), Turkish Olympic champion * Ahmet Bozer (born 1960), Turkish business executive * Ahmet Cevdet (disambiguation), Ahmet Cevdet, multiple people * Ahmet Cömert (1926–1990), Turkish amateur boxer, coach, referee, boxing judge and sports official * Ahmet Davutoğlu (born 1959), Turkish politician and political scientist * Ahmet Dursun (born 1978), Turkish footballer * Ahmet Enünlü (born 1948), Turkish bodybuilder * Ahmet Burak Erdoğan (born 1979), son of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan * Ahmet Ertegun (1923–2006), Turkish American founder and president of Atlantic Records * Ahmet Gülhan (born 1978), Turkish wrestler * Ahmet Haşim (1884–1933), Turkish writer * Ahmet Hromadžić (1923–2003), Bosnian writer * Ahmet İsvan (1923–2017), Turkish politician * Ahmet Kaya (1957–2000), Turkish–Kurdish folk singer * Ahmet Mete Işıkara (1941–2013), Turkish seismologist * Ahmet İzzet Pasha (1864–1937), Ottoman general * Ahmet Kaplan (born 2002), Turkish wheelchair tennis player * Ahmet Kireççi (1914–1979), Turkish sports wrestler * Ahmet Koç, Turkish musician * Ahmet Köksal, (1920–1997), Turkish poet and writer * Ahmet Kuru (born 1982), Turkish footballer * Ahmet Li (born 1991), Chinese-Turkish table tennis player * Ahmet Öcal (born 1979), Belgian footballer * Ahmet Örken (born 1993), Turkish cyclist * Ahmet Suat Özyazıcı (1936–2023), Turkish footballer * Ahmet Peker (born 1989), Turkish wrestler * Ahmet Rasim (1864–1932), Turkish writer and politician * Ahmet Sağlam (born 1987), Turkish footballer * Ahmet Necdet Sezer (born 1941), 10th President of the Republic of Turkey * Ahmet Burak Solakel (born 1982), Turkish footballer * Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (1901–1962), Turkish writer * Ahmet Tren (born 1950), Turkish wrestler * Ahmet Fuat Tugay, known as Hulusi Fuat Tugay (1890–1967), Turkish physician and diplomat * Ahmet Türk (born 1942), Turkish politician * Ahmet Fikri Tüzer (1878–1942), Turkish politician * Ahmet Uzel (1930–1998), Turkish composer * Ahmet Uzun, Turkish Cypriot politician * Ahmet Ümit (born 1960), Turkish author * Ahmet Üzümcü (born 1951), Turkish diplomat * Ahmet Vardar (1937–2010), Turkish journalist * Ahmet Emin Yalman (1888–1972), Turkish journalist * Ahmet Yıldırım (born 1974), Turkish footballer * Ahmet Yıldız (scientist), Ahmet Yıldız (born 1979), Turkish scientist * Ahmet Zappa (born 1974), American musician, actor and novelist * Ahmet Zogu, King of Albania (1928–1939)

Other spellings

* Achmad Jufriyanto, Indonesian footballer * Achmad Nawir, Dutch East Indies footballer * Achmad Saba'a, Arab-Israeli footballer * Achmad Soebardjo, Indonesian diplomat * Achmat Dangor (1948–2020), South African writer, poet, and development professional * Achmat Hassiem (born 1982), South African Paralympic swimmer * Achmed Abdullah, Russian writer * Achmed Akkabi, Moroccan-Dutch presenter and actor * Achmet (oneiromancer), Occultist * Ahmat Acyl, Chadian Arab insurgent leader * Ahmat Brahim, Chadian footballer * Ahmat Taboye, Chadian writer * Akhmed Avtorkhanov, Chechen leader * Akhmad Kadyrov, First President of the Chechen Republic * Akhmed Zakayev, Prime Minister of the Chechen Republic * Ahmaud Arbery,

murder victim

People with the surname

Ahmad

* Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835–1908), the founder of the Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam * Alimuddin Ahmad (1884–1920), Bengali activist and revolutionary * Ekramuddin Ahmad (1872–1940), Bengali litterateur * Evin Ahmad (born 1990), Swedish actress of Kurdish descent * Feroz Ahmad (1938–2025), Indian-born Turkish-American academic, historian and political scientist * Ismet Ahmad (1945–2023), Indonesian academic, bureaucrat and lecturer * Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad (1918–1996), Bangladeshi politician * Masud Ahmad (1943–2018), Pakistani theoretical physicist * Nesaruddin Ahmad (1873–1952), Bengali Islamic scholar and Pir of Sarsina * Feroz Ahmad (born 1938), Indian academic and historian * Najm Hamad Al Ahmad (born 1969), Syrian politician * Serajuddin Ahmad, Bengali politician * Odetari, Taha Othman Ahmad, known as Odetari (born 2000), American singer, record producer, and rapper * Wali Ahmad, Pakistani religious cleric and reformer

Ahmed

* Abdel-Rahim Ahmed (1944–1991), Palestinian politician * Abdel Rahim Ahmed, Egyptian film director and author * Akeela Ahmed, British activist * Alfazuddin Ahmed, Khan Bahadur Alfazuddin Ahmed, Bengali politician * Alfaz Ahmed, Mohammad Alfaz Ahmed (born 1973), Bangladeshi footballer * Anis Ahmed (disambiguation), multiple people * Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (1905–1977), 5th President of India * Ferdous Ahmed, Bangladeshi actor * Hafsa Ahmed, lecturer and community worker in New Zealand * Hajiya Haidzatu Ahmed, Queen of Kumbwada * Luai Ahmed (born 1993), Yemen-born Swedish journalist, columnist, and influencer * Nick Ahmed (born 1990), American baseball player * Qanta Ahmed, British-American physician specializing in sleep disorders, and author, women's rights activist, journalist, and public commentator. * Riz Ahmed (born 1982), British actor and rapper * Rafiq Uddin Ahmed (1926–1952), demonstrator killed during Bengali Language Movement * Rafiuddin Ahmed (dentist), Rafiuddin Ahmed, Indian Bengali dentist * Mohammed Ahmed (businessman), Mohammed Ahmed, Ethiopian businessman

Other variants

* Claire Achmad, Chief Children's Commissioner in New Zealand * Taghmeda Achmat, also known as Midi Achmat, South African lesbian activist * Zackie Achmat (born 1962), South African activist and film director * Rosli Ahmat (1970–2002), Singaporeans, Singaporean armed robber and murderer

Fictional characters

* Aĥmad, from ''Malatily Bathhouse''; Surname

References

{{given name, type=both Arabic-language surnames Arabic-language masculine given names Bengali Muslim surnames Bosniak masculine given names Iranian masculine given names Masculine given names Pakistani masculine given names Turkish-language surnames Turkish masculine given names Urdu-language surnames Given names

Etymology

Lexicology

Interpretations and meanings of Ahmad

Development

Ahmad passage

Scholarship regarding the Greek translation

Alleged historical document regarding the topic

Transliterations

People with the given name

Ahmad

Ahmed

Ahmet

Other spellings

People with the surname

Ahmad

Ahmed

Other variants

Fictional characters

See also

References