Abaúj-Torna (, , ) was an administrative county (

comitatus Comitatus may refer to: *Comitatus (warband), a Germanic warband who follow a leader * ''Comitatus'', the office of a Roman or Frankish comes, translated as count. * ''Comitatus'', translated as county, a territory such as governed by medieval cou ...

) of the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coro ...

. Its capital was Kassa (present-day

Košice Košice is the largest city in eastern Slovakia. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary. With a population of approximately 230,000, Košice is the second-largest cit ...

). Its territory is now divided between

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

and

Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's m ...

Geography

Around 1910, Abaúj-Torna county shared borders with Gömör-Kishont,

Szepes Szepes (; , , ) was an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary, called Scepusium before the late 19th century. Its territory today lies in northeastern Slovakia, with a very small area in southeastern Poland. For the current region, see S ...

, Sáros, Zemplén and

Borsod Borsod was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. The capital of the county was Miskolc. After World War II, the county was merged with the Hungarian parts of Abaúj-Torna County and Zemplén counties to form Borsod-Aba ...

counties. The rivers Hernád and Bódva flowed through the county. Its area was around 1910.

History

The county Abaúj-Torna was a combination of Abaúj and Torna counties. Its first creation was during the period of military dictatorship and centralisation in the Kingdom of Hungary following the

Hungarian Revolution of 1848 The Hungarian Revolution of 1848, also known in Hungary as Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence of 1848–1849 () was one of many Revolutions of 1848, European Revolutions of 1848 and was closely linked to other revolutions of 1848 in ...

, existing from 13 September 1850 until the restoration of the traditional counties of Hungry in October 1860. It formed part of the District of Kaschau during this period. The two counties were joined a second time in 1881. In the aftermath of World War I, the northern part of Abaúj-Torna county became part of newly formed

Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech language, Czech and , ''Česko-Slovensko'') was a landlocked country in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland beca ...

(as ), as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920

Treaty of Trianon The Treaty of Trianon (; ; ; ), often referred to in Hungary as the Peace Dictate of Trianon or Dictate of Trianon, was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference. It was signed on the one side by Hungary ...

. It continued to exist as an administrative unit until 1922. The southern half stayed in Hungary as the county Abaúj-Torna, with capital

Szikszó Szikszó is a small town in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Northern Hungary, from county capital Miskolc. It is also the home of the Hell Energy Magyarország Kft. main factory. History Szikszó was first mentioned in documents in 1280. It belo ...

. Following the provisions of the

First Vienna Award The First Vienna Award was a treaty signed on 2 November 1938 pursuant to the Vienna Arbitration, which took place at Vienna's Belvedere Palace. The arbitration and award were direct consequences of the previous month's Munich Agreement, whic ...

, most of the Czechoslovak part was returned to Hungary in November 1938. It was added to the county of Abaúj-Torna, with capital Kassa (present-day Košice). After

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, the Trianon border was restored and the county was renamed to Abaúj County. In 1950, it merged with the county of Borsod-Gömör and the Hungarian part of Zemplén to form the present Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county. Since 1993, when Czechoslovakia was split, the northern part of the county's former territory has been part of Slovakia's

Košice Region The Košice Region (, ; ; ) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. The region was first established in 1923 and its present borders were established in 1996. It consists of 11 districts ( okresy) and 440 municipalities, 17 of which ...

Demographics

In 1900, the county had a population of 196,462 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities: Total: * Hungarian: 140,050 (71.3%) * Slovak: 45,072 (22.9%) *

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

: 8,734 (4.5%) * Ruthenian: 519 (0.3%) * Croatian: 74 (0.0%) *

Romanian Romanian may refer to: *anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Romania **Romanians, an ethnic group **Romanian language, a Romance language ***Romanian dialects, variants of the Romanian language **Romanian cuisine, traditional ...

: 60 (0.0%) *

Serbian Serbian may refer to: * Pertaining to Serbia in Southeast Europe; in particular **Serbs, a South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans ** Serbian language ** Serbian culture **Demographics of Serbia, includes other ethnic groups within the co ...

: 13 (0.0%) * Other or unknown: 1,940 (1.0%) According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities: Total: *

Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...

: 113,447 (57.7%) *

Calvinist Reformed Christianity, also called Calvinism, is a major branch of Protestantism that began during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. In the modern day, it is largely represented by the Continental Reformed Protestantism, Continenta ...

: 41,562 (21.2%) *

Greek Catholic Greek Catholic Church or Byzantine-Catholic Church may refer to: * The Catholic Church in Greece * The Eastern Catholic Churches The Eastern Catholic Churches or Oriental Catholic Churches, also known as the Eastern-Rite Catholic Churches, Ea ...

: 20,142 (10.3%) *

Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

: 14,069 (7.2%) *

Lutheran Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that emerged under the work of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German friar and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church launched ...

: 7,101 (3.6%) *

Greek Orthodox Greek Orthodox Church (, , ) is a term that can refer to any one of three classes of Christian Churches, each associated in some way with Greek Christianity, Levantine Arabic-speaking Christians or more broadly the rite used in the Eastern Rom ...

: 106 (0.0%) * Unitarian: 18 (0.0%) * Other or unknown: 17 (0.0%) In 1910, the county had a population of 202,288 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities: Total: * Hungarian: 156,668 (77.5%) * Slovak: 36,067 (17.8%) *

: 6,520 (3.2%) * Ruthenian: 378 (0.2%) *

: 127 (0.0%) * Croatian: 63 (0.0%) *

: 21 (0.0%) * Other or unknown: 2,444 (1.2%) According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities: Total: *

: 118,179 (58.4%) *

: 42,728 (21.1%) *

: 20,089 (9.9%) *

: 14,251 (7.1%) *

: 6,832 (3.4%) *

: 161 (0.0%) * Unitarian: 24 (0.0%) * Other or unknown: 24 (0.0%) In 1941: 203,438 Hungarians, 18,879 Slovaks, 2581 Bunjevacs, 904 Germans, 623 Roma, 256 Ruthenians, 72 Romanians, 3 Croatians, 105 other; 140,377 Roman Catholics, 45,384 Protestants, 22,476 Greek Catholics, 14,764 Jewish, 4773 Evangelicals, 339 Greek Orthodox, 116 Baptists and 55 Unitarians.

Subdivisions

In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Abaúj-Torna were: The towns

Füzér Füzér is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, ...

Gönc Gönc ( Slovak: ''Gynec'') is a town in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county in Northern Hungary, 55 kilometers from county capital Miskolc. It is the northernmost town of Hungary and the second smallest town of the county. History Gönc has been in ...

and

Abaújszántó Abaújszántó is a small town in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Northern Hungary, about from the county seat Miskolc. It belongs to the famous Tokaj-Hegyalja wine district. Name The ''Abaúj-'' prefix refers to its location in Abaúj County, w ...

are now in Hungary.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abauj-Torna County States and territories disestablished in 1920 Counties in the Kingdom of Hungary

Geography

History

Demographics

Subdivisions

See also

References