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The 1866–67 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between June 4, 1866, and September 6, 1867. They occurred during
President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...
Andrew Johnson Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808July 31, 1875) was the 17th president of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. The 16th vice president, he assumed the presidency following the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Johnson was a South ...
's term just one year after the
American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...
ended when the Union defeated the Confederacy. Each state set its own date for its elections to the
House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entities. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often ...
. Members were elected before or after the first session of the
40th United States Congress The 40th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1867, ...
convened on March 4, 1867, including the at-large seat from the new state of Nebraska. Ten secessionist states still had not yet been readmitted, and therefore were not seated. The 1866 elections were a decisive event in the early
Reconstruction Reconstruction may refer to: Politics, history, and sociology *Reconstruction (law), the transfer of a company's (or several companies') business to a new company *''Perestroika'' (Russian for "reconstruction"), a late 20th century Soviet Union ...
era, in which President Johnson faced off against the
Radical Republicans The Radical Republicans were a political faction within the Republican Party originating from the party's founding in 1854—some six years before the Civil War—until the Compromise of 1877, which effectively ended Reconstruction. They ca ...
in a bitter dispute over whether Reconstruction should be lenient or harsh toward the vanquished white
South South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both west and east. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþa ...
. Most of the congressmen from the former Confederate states were either prevented from leaving the state or were arrested on the way to the capital. A Congress consisting of mostly Radical Republicans sat early in the Capitol and aside from the delegation from
Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...
who were allowed in, the few Southern Congressmen who arrived were not seated.


Background

Johnson, a
War Democrat War Democrats in American politics of the 1860s were members of the Democratic Party who supported the Union and rejected the policies of the Copperheads, or Peace Democrats. The War Democrats demanded a more aggressive policy toward the Co ...
, had been elected
Vice President A vice president or vice-president, also director in British English, is an officer in government or business who is below the president (chief executive officer) in rank. It can also refer to executive vice presidents, signifying that the vi ...
in the 1864 presidential election as the
running mate A running mate is a person running together with another person on a joint ticket during an election. The term is most often used in reference to the person in the subordinate position (such as the vice presidential candidate running with a pre ...
of
Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the 16th president of the United States, serving from 1861 until Assassination of Abraham Lincoln, his assassination in 1865. He led the United States through the American Civil War ...
, a Republican. (The Republicans had chosen not to re-nominate
Hannibal Hamlin Hannibal Hamlin (August 27, 1809 – July 4, 1891) was an American politician and diplomat who was the 15th vice president of the United States, serving from 1861 to 1865, during President Abraham Lincoln's first term. He was the first Republi ...
for a second term as vice president). Lincoln and Johnson ran together under the banner of the National Union Party, which brought together Republicans (with the exception of some hard-line
abolitionist Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the political movement to end slavery and liberate enslaved individuals around the world. The first country to fully outlaw slavery was Kingdom of France, France in 1315, but it was later used ...
Radical Republicans who backed
John C. Frémont Major general (United States), Major-General John Charles Frémont (January 21, 1813July 13, 1890) was a United States Army officer, explorer, and politician. He was a United States senator from California and was the first History of the Repub ...
, who eventually dropped out of the race after brokering a deal with Lincoln) and the War Democrats (the minority of Democrats who backed Lincoln's prosecution of the war, as opposed to the
Peace Democrats In the 1860s, the Copperheads, also known as Peace Democrats, were a faction of the Democratic Party in the Union who opposed the American Civil War and wanted an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates. Republicans started labelin ...
, or Copperheads, who favored a negotiated settlement with the Confederates). After the assassination of Lincoln, Johnson became president. He immediately became embroiled in a dispute with the Radical Republicans over the conditions of Reconstruction; Johnson favored a lenient Reconstruction, while Radical Republicans wanted to continue the military occupation of the South and force Southern states to give
freedmen A freedman or freedwoman is a person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, slaves were freed by manumission (granted freedom by their owners), emancipation (granted freedom as part of a larger group), or self- ...
(the newly freed
slaves Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour. Slavery typically involves compulsory work, with the slave's location of work and residence dictated by the party that holds them in bondage. Enslavemen ...
)
civil rights Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' political freedom, freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and ...
(and the
right to vote Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in representative democracy, public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). In some languages, and occasionally in ...
).


Campaign and results

Johnson stumped the country in a public speaking tour known as the
Swing Around the Circle Swing Around the Circle is the nickname for a speaking campaign undertaken by U.S. President Andrew Johnson between August 27 and September 15, 1866, in which he tried to gain support for his obstructionist Reconstruction policies and for his pref ...
; he generally supported Democrats but his speeches were poorly received. The
Republicans Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...
won in a landslide, capturing enough seats to override Johnson's vetoes. Only the border states of
Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...
,
Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...
, and
Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...
voted for Democrats. Recently Reconstructed Tennessee sent a Republican delegation. The other 10 ex-Confederate states did not vote. As a percentage of the total number of seats available in the House of Representatives, the Republican majority attained in the election of 1866 has never been exceeded in any subsequent Congress. The Democratic Party was able to achieve similar success only in the political environment of the era of the
Great Depression The Great Depression was a severe global economic downturn from 1929 to 1939. The period was characterized by high rates of unemployment and poverty, drastic reductions in industrial production and international trade, and widespread bank and ...
in the 1930s.


Election summaries

Seven secessionist states were readmitted during this Congress, filling 32 vacancies, but are not included in this table if they were not elected within 1866 through 1867.Martis, pp. 120–121; Dubin, p. 209. The party affiliations of the 4 Representatives elected in Texas's rejected elections are unknown.


Special elections


39th Congress

, - ! ,
Lovell Rousseau Lovell Harrison Rousseau (August 4, 1818 – January 7, 1869) was a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, as well as a lawyer and politician in Kentucky and Indiana. Rousseau was a member of the Whig Party early in his politi ...
, , Unconditional
Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent resigned July 21, 1866 following his assault of Josiah Grinnell.
Incumbent re-elected September 15, 1866.
Unconditional Unionist hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Green C. Smith , , Unconditional
Unionist ,
1861 This year saw significant progress in the Unification of Italy, the outbreak of the American Civil War, and the emancipation reform abolishing serfdom in the Russian Empire. Events January * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico Ci ...
, , Incumbent resigned July 13, 1866 to become Governor of Montana Territory.
New member elected September 15, 1866.
Democratic gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Henry Grider Henry Grider (July 16, 1796 – September 7, 1866) was a United States representative from Kentucky. He was born in Garrard County, Kentucky. He pursued an academic course, studied law, and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Bowling ...
, ,
1861 This year saw significant progress in the Unification of Italy, the outbreak of the American Civil War, and the emancipation reform abolishing serfdom in the Russian Empire. Events January * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico Ci ...
, , Incumbent died September 7, 1866.
New member elected October 6, 1866.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , James Humphrey , ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent died June 16, 1866.
New member elected November 6, 1866.
Democratic gain. , nowrap ,


40th Congress

, - ! , Elijah Hise , , 1866 , , Incumbent died May 6, 1867.
New member elected August 5, 1867.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Rutherford B. Hayes Rutherford Birchard Hayes (; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was the 19th president of the United States, serving from 1877 to 1881. Hayes served as Cincinnati's city solicitor from 1858 to 1861. He was a staunch Abolitionism in the Un ...
, ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent resigned July 20, 1867 to run for Governor of Ohio.
New member elected October 8, 1867.
Independent Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Charles Denison , ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, , Incumbent died June 27, 1867.
New member elected October 8, 1867.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Thomas E. Noell , ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent died October 3, 1867.
New member elected November 5, 1867.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Roscoe Conkling Roscoe Conkling (October 30, 1829April 18, 1888) was an American lawyer and Republican Party (United States), Republican politician who represented New York (state), New York in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Se ...
, ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent resigned March 3, 1867 when elected U.S. senator.
New member elected November 5, 1867.
Republican hold. , nowrap ,


California

, - ! , Donald C. McRuer , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain. , nowrap , , - ! , William Higby , , Republican ,
1863 Events January * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
John Bidwell John Bidwell (August 5, 1819 – April 4, 1900), known in Spanish as Don Juan Bidwell, was an American pioneer, politician, and soldier. Bidwell is known as the founder of the city of Chico, California. Born in New York, he emigrated at the age ...
, , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain. , nowrap ,


Colorado Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.


Connecticut

, - ! ,
Henry C. Deming Henry Champion Deming (May 23, 1815 – October 8, 1872) was a politician and writer who served as United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Connecticut, the mayor Hartford, the acting military mayor of New Orleans, and a ...
, ,
1863 Events January * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing ...
, , Incumbent lost re-election.
Democratic gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Samuel L. Warner Samuel Larkin Warner (June 14, 1828 – February 6, 1893) was a U.S. Representative from Connecticut, brother of Levi Warner. Born in Wethersfield, Connecticut, Warner attended Wilbraham Academy, Wilbraham, Massachusetts, and the law departm ...
, ,
1861 This year saw significant progress in the Unification of Italy, the outbreak of the American Civil War, and the emancipation reform abolishing serfdom in the Russian Empire. Events January * January 1 ** Benito Juárez captures Mexico Ci ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Democratic gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Augustus Brandegee Augustus Brandegee (July 12, 1828 – November 10, 1904) was an American lawyer and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut. Early life Brandegee was born in New London, Connecticut. He was the son ...
, ,
1863 Events January * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! , John Henry Hubbard , ,
1863 Events January * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing ...
, , Incumbent lost renomination.
Democratic gain. , nowrap ,


Dakota Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.


Delaware


Idaho Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.


Illinois


Indiana


Iowa


Kansas


Kentucky


Maine


Maryland


Massachusetts

, - ! , Thomas D. Eliot , , Republican ,
1858 Events January–March * January 9 ** Revolt of Rajab Ali: British forces finally defeat Rajab Ali Khan of Chittagong. ** Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide. * January 14 – Orsini affair: Pi ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Oakes Ames Oakes Ames (January 10, 1804 – May 8, 1873) was an American businessman, investor, and politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts. As a congressman, he is credited by many historians as being ...
, , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Alexander H. Rice , , Republican ,
1858 Events January–March * January 9 ** Revolt of Rajab Ali: British forces finally defeat Rajab Ali Khan of Chittagong. ** Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide. * January 14 – Orsini affair: Pi ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Samuel Hooper , , Republican , 1861 (special) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , John B. Alley , , Republican ,
1858 Events January–March * January 9 ** Revolt of Rajab Ali: British forces finally defeat Rajab Ali Khan of Chittagong. ** Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide. * January 14 – Orsini affair: Pi ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Nathaniel P. Banks Nathaniel Prentice (or Prentiss) Banks (January 30, 1816 – September 1, 1894) was an American politician from Massachusetts and a Union Army, Union general during the American Civil War, Civil War. A millworker, Banks became prominent in local ...
, , Republican , 1865 (special) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
George S. Boutwell George Sewall Boutwell (January 28, 1818 – February 27, 1905) was an American politician, lawyer, and statesman from Massachusetts. He served as Secretary of the Treasury under President Ulysses S. Grant, the 20th governor of Massachusetts, a ...
, , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , John D. Baldwin , , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , William B. Washburn , , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Henry L. Dawes , , Republican ,
1856 Events January–March * January 8 – Borax deposits are discovered in large quantities by John Veatch in California. * January 23 – The American sidewheel steamer SS ''Pacific'' leaves Liverpool (England) for a transatl ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,


Michigan


Minnesota


Missouri


Montana Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.


Nebraska

There were two elections in the new state of
Nebraska Nebraska ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Ka ...
in 1866: on June 6 for the remainder of the current term, and October 9 for the next term.


39th Congress

, - ! , colspan=3 , New state , , New seat.
Republican gain.
New member seated March 2, 1867. , nowrap ,


40th Congress

, - ! , Turner M. Marquett , , Republican ,
1866 Events January * January 1 ** Fisk University, a historically black university, is established in Nashville, Tennessee. ** The last issue of the abolitionist magazine '' The Liberator'' is published. * January 6 – Ottoman troops clash ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap ,


Nevada


New Hampshire


New Jersey


New Mexico Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.


New York


Ohio

Democrats gained one seat this election in
Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...
. It was later contested and awarded to the Republican for a net gain of zero. , - ! , Benjamin Eggleston , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Rutherford B. Hayes Rutherford Birchard Hayes (; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was the 19th president of the United States, serving from 1877 to 1881. Hayes served as Cincinnati's city solicitor from 1858 to 1861. He was a staunch Abolitionism in the Un ...
, , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Robert C. Schenck , , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , William Lawrence , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Francis C. Le Blond , , Democratic ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Reader W. Clarke , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Samuel Shellabarger Samuel Shellabarger (18 May 1888 – 21 March 1954) was an American educator and author of both scholarly works and best-selling historical novels. Born 18 May 1888 in Washington, D.C., Shellabarger was orphaned in infancy, upon the death of both ...
, , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , James Randolph Hubbell , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Ralph P. Buckland , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , James M. Ashley , , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Hezekiah S. Bundy , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! , William E. Finck , , Democratic ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Columbus Delano Columbus Delano (June 4, 1809 – October 23, 1896) was an American lawyer, rancher, banker, statesman, and a member of the prominent Delano family. Forced to live on his own at an early age, Delano struggled to become a self-made man. Delano ...
, , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent lost re-election
Democratic gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Martin Welker , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Tobias A. Plants , , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
John Bingham John Armor Bingham (January 21, 1815 – March 19, 1900) was an American politician who served as a Republican representative from Ohio and as the United States ambassador to Japan. In his time as a congressman, Bingham served as both assis ...
, , Republican ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Ephraim R. Eckley , , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Rufus P. Spalding , , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
James A. Garfield James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 1881 until his death in September that year after being shot two months earlier. A preacher, lawyer, and Civi ...
, , Republican ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,


Oregon


Pennsylvania


Rhode Island


Tennessee

Elections held late, on August 1, 1867. , - ! , Nathaniel G. Taylor , , Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Horace Maynard Horace Maynard (August 30, 1814 – May 3, 1882) was an American educator, attorney, politician and diplomat active primarily in the second half of the 19th century. Initially elected to the House of Representatives from Tennessee's 2nd Cong ...
, , Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , William B. Stokes , , Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Edmund Cooper Edmund Cooper (30 April 1926 – 11 March 1982) was an English poet and prolific writer of speculative fiction, romances, technical essays, several detective stories, and a children's book. These were published under his own name and several pe ...
, , Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent lost re-election as a Conservative.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , William B. Campbell , , Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Samuel M. Arnell , , Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.
Republican gain. , , - ! , Isaac R. Hawkins , , Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , John W. Leftwich , , Unionist ,
1865 Events January * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Fisher – Unio ...
, , Incumbent lost re-election as a Conservative.
Republican gain. , nowrap ,


Utah Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.


Vermont

, - ! , Frederick E. Woodbridge , , Republican ,
1863 Events January * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Justin S. Morrill Justin Smith Morrill (April 14, 1810December 28, 1898) was an American politician and entrepreneur who represented Vermont in the United States House of Representatives (1855–1867) and United States Senate (1867–1898). He is most widely reme ...
, , Republican ,
1854 Events January–March * January 4 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. * January 6 – The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes is perhaps born. * January 9 – The Te ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Portus Baxter Portus Baxter (December 4, 1806 – March 4, 1868) was a nineteenth-century banker, farmer, and politician from Vermont. He served three terms as a U.S. Representative from the state's 3rd Congressional District from 1861 to 1867. Early life Ba ...
, , Republican ,
1860 Events January * January 2 – The astronomer Urbain Le Verrier announces the discovery of a hypothetical planet Vulcan (hypothetical planet), Vulcan at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris, France. * January 10 &ndas ...
, , Incumbent lost re-election.
Republican hold. , nowrap , Second ballot


Washington Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.


West Virginia

, - ! , Chester D. Hubbard , , Unconditional
Unionist ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent re-elected as a Republican.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,
George R. Latham George Robert Latham (March 9, 1832 – December 16, 1917) was a 19th-century Virginia farmer, lawyer and politician who helped found the state of West Virginia during the American Civil War, during which he served as a colonel in the Union ...
, , Unconditional
Unionist ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Kellian Whaley , , Unconditional
Unionist ,
1863 Events January * January 1 – Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation during the third year of the American Civil War, making the abolition of slavery in the Confederate States of America an official war goal. The signing ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican gain. , nowrap ,


Wisconsin

Wisconsin elected six members of congress on Election Day, November 4, 1866. , - ! , Halbert E. Paine , , National
Union ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. , nowrap , , - ! , Ithamar Sloan , , National
Union ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Amasa Cobb Amasa Cobb (September 27, 1823July 5, 1905) was an Americans, American politician and judge. He was the 6th and 9th Chief Justice of the Nebraska Supreme Court and the 5th Mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska. Earlier in his life, he was a United States ...
, , National
Union ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, , Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. , nowrap , , - ! , Charles A. Eldredge , , Democratic ,
1862 Events January * January 1 – The United Kingdom annexes Lagos Island, in modern-day Nigeria. * January 6 – Second French intervention in Mexico, French intervention in Mexico: Second French Empire, French, Spanish and British ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,
Philetus Sawyer Philetus Sawyer (September 22, 1816March 29, 1900) was an American businessman, Republican politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He was a United States Senator from Wisconsin for twelve years (1881–1893) and served ten years in the U.S. ...
, , National
Union ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. , nowrap , , - ! , Walter D. McIndoe , , National
Union , 1862 , , Incumbent retired.
Republican hold. , nowrap ,


Non-voting delegates

, - ! , - ! , - ! , Edward D. Holbrook , , Democratic ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Samuel McLean , , Democratic ,
1864 Events January * January 13 – American songwriter Stephen Foster ("Oh! Susanna", "Old Folks at Home") dies aged 37 in New York City, leaving a scrap of paper reading "Dear friends and gentle hearts". His parlor song "Beautiful Dream ...
, , Incumbent retired.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , - ! , - !


See also

* 1866 United States elections **
1866–67 United States Senate elections The 1866–67 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these United States Senate, U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Sevent ...
*
39th United States Congress The 39th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1865 ...
*
40th United States Congress The 40th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1867, ...


Notes


References


Bibliography

* * * * , large collection of speeches and primary documents, 1865–1870, complete text online (the copyright has expired) * * * *


External links


Office of the Historian
(Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives) {{DEFAULTSORT:1866-67 United States House of Representatives elections Presidency of Andrew Johnson Schuyler Colfax