Events

January–March

January 1 January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in the Gregorian Calendar; 364 days remain until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. __TOC__ Events ...

– The destructive Galilee earthquake causes thousands of deaths in Ottoman Syria. *

January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. * 1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. * 1564 – The Council of T ...

–

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States. *

February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...

– Seminoles attack Fort Foster in

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

. * February 25 – In

Philadelphia Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...

, the Institute for Colored Youth (ICY) is founded, as the first institution for the higher education of black people in the United States. *

February February is the second month of the year in the Julian calendar, Julian and Gregorian calendars. The month has 28 days in common years and 29 in leap years, with the February 29, 29th day being called the ''leap day''. February is the third a ...

–

Charles Dickens Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English novelist, journalist, short story writer and Social criticism, social critic. He created some of literature's best-known fictional characters, and is regarded by ...

's '' Oliver Twist'' begins publication in serial form in London. * March 1 – The

Congregation of Holy Cross The Congregation of Holy Cross (), abbreviated CSC, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men founded in 1837 by Basil Moreau, in Le Mans, France. Moreau also founded the Marianites of Holy Cross for women, n ...

is formed in Le Mans, France, by the signing of the Fundamental Act of Union, which legally joins the Auxiliary Priests of Blessed Basil Moreau, CSC, and the Brothers of St. Joseph (founded by Jacques-François Dujarié) into one religious association.

April–June

* April 12 – The conglomerate of

Procter & Gamble The Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) is an American multinational consumer goods corporation headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. It was founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. It specializes in a wide range of personal health/con ...

has its origins, when British-born businessmen William Procter and James Gamble begin selling their first manufactured goods (soap and candles) in Cincinnati, Ohio. * April 24 – The great fire in Surat, a city of India, begins. Over a three-day period, the fire kills more than 500 people and destroys more than 9,000 houses. *

May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. * 1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of ...

– The

Panic of 1837 The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis in the United States that began a major depression (economics), depression which lasted until the mid-1840s. Profits, prices, and wages dropped, westward expansion was stalled, unemployment rose, and pes ...

begins in

New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...

. * May – W. F. Cooke and

Charles Wheatstone Sir Charles Wheatstone (; 6 February 1802 – 19 October 1875) was an English physicist and inventor best known for his contributions to the development of the Wheatstone bridge, originally invented by Samuel Hunter Christie, which is used to m ...

patent an

electrical telegraph Electrical telegraphy is point-to-point distance communicating via sending electric signals over wire, a system primarily used from the 1840s until the late 20th century. It was the first electrical telecommunications system and the most wid ...

system. * June 5 – The city of

Houston Houston ( ) is the List of cities in Texas by population, most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and in the Southern United States. Located in Southeast Texas near Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, it is the county seat, seat of ...

is incorporated by the Republic of Texas. * June 11 – The Broad Street Riot occurs in

Boston Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeas ...

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

, fueled by ethnic tensions between the Irish and the Yankees. *

June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, startin ...

–

Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in January 1901. Her reign of 63 year ...

, 18, accedes to the throne of the United Kingdom, on the death of her uncle William IV without legitimate heirs (she will reign for more than 63 years). Under

Salic law The Salic law ( or ; ), also called the was the ancient Frankish Civil law (legal system), civil law code compiled around AD 500 by Clovis I, Clovis, the first Frankish King. The name may refer to the Salii, or "Salian Franks", but this is deba ...

, the Kingdom of Hanover passes to William's brother, Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, ending the

personal union A personal union is a combination of two or more monarchical states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. A real union, by contrast, involves the constituent states being to some extent in ...

of Britain and Hanover which has persisted since 1714.

July–September

* July 13 –

moves from Kensington Palace into Buckingham Palace, the first reigning British monarch to make this, rather than St James's Palace, as her London home. * July – Charles W. King sets sail on the American merchant ship ''Morrison''. In the Morrison incident, he is turned away from Japanese ports with cannon fire. * August 16 – The Dutch colonial forces sack the fortress of Bonjol, Indonesia, ending the Padri War. * September 19 – First Carlist War: Battle of Aranzueque – The liberal forces loyal to Queen Isabel II of Spain are victorious, ending the Carlist campaign known as the ''Expedición Real''. * September 26 – The destructive " ''Racer's'' hurricane" sweeps across the

Caribbean The Caribbean ( , ; ; ; ) is a region in the middle of the Americas centered around the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, mostly overlapping with the West Indies. Bordered by North America to the north, Central America ...

, northeastern

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

, the Republic of Texas and the

Gulf Coast of the United States The Gulf Coast of the United States, also known as the Gulf South or the South Coast, is the coastline along the Southern United States where they meet the Gulf of Mexico. The list of U.S. states and territories by coastline, coastal states th ...

and lasts until October 9, after killing at least 105 people. * September 28 – Samuel Morse files a caveat for a patent for the

telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas ...

October–December

* October 13 – The French army under Sylvain Charles Valée captures the city of Constantine in

French Algeria French Algeria ( until 1839, then afterwards; unofficially ; ), also known as Colonial Algeria, was the period of History of Algeria, Algerian history when the country was a colony and later an integral part of France. French rule lasted until ...

after a siege of three days. * October 30 – The Tsarskoye Selo Railway, the first in the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

, opens between

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

Tsarskoselsky station and Zarskoje Selo (modern-day Pushkin), engineered by Franz Anton von Gerstner. * October 31 – In what will become the world's leading consumer goods brand,

is founded in

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

in the United States. * November 6 Louis-Joseph Papineau begins the Lower Canada Rebellion in the

Quebec Quebec is Canada's List of Canadian provinces and territories by area, largest province by area. Located in Central Canada, the province shares borders with the provinces of Ontario to the west, Newfoundland and Labrador to the northeast, ...

city of

Montreal Montreal is the List of towns in Quebec, largest city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Quebec, the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, second-largest in Canada, and the List of North American cit ...

. * November 7 – American abolitionist and newspaper editor Elijah Lovejoy is killed by a pro- slavery mob, at his warehouse in Alton, Illinois. * November 8 – Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, later

Mount Holyoke College Mount Holyoke College is a Private college, private Women's colleges in the United States, women's Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college in South Hadley, Massachusetts, United States. It is the oldest member of the h ...

, is founded in South Hadley, Massachusetts. * November 17 – An earthquake in Valdivia, south-central Chile, causes tsunamis that led to significant destruction along Japan's coast. * December 4 – Samuel Lount begins the Upper Canada Rebellion by marching with rebel followers to

Toronto Toronto ( , locally pronounced or ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, most populous city in Canada. It is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. With a p ...

, one month after a similar rebellion against British rule had begun in Lower Canada. * December 17 – Fire breaks out in the Winter Palace, in

, Russia killing 30 guards. * December 23 – The Slave Compensation Act is signed into law by the government of the United Kingdom. This paid a substantial amount of money, constituting 40% of the Treasury’s tax receipts at the time, to former enslavers but nothing to those formerly enslaved. * December 29 – The ''Caroline'' Affair, on the Niagara River, becomes the basis for the ''Caroline'' test for anticipatory self-defence in international relations.

Date unknown

* Louis Daguerre develops the daguerreotype. * The 5th century B.C. Berlin Foundry Cup is acquired for the Antikensammlung Berlin in Germany. * The Olney Friends School is founded in the

Appalachian Mountains The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, are a mountain range in eastern to northeastern North America. The term "Appalachian" refers to several different regions associated with the mountain range, and its surrounding terrain ...

of the United States. * The first

electric locomotive An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or on-board energy storage such as a Battery (electricity), battery or a supercapacitor. Locomotives with on-board fuelled prime mover (locomotive), ...

built is a miniature battery locomotive constructed by chemist Robert Davidson of Aberdeen in

Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...

, and powered by galvanic cells (batteries). *

Atlanta Atlanta ( ) is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of municipalities in Georgia (U.S. state), most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia. It is the county seat, seat of Fulton County, Georg ...

is fixed as the terminal of the Western and Atlantic Railroad; it is originally named Marthasville.

Births

January–June

January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Emp ...

– Mily Balakirev, Russian composer (d. 1910) *

January 7 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – The Senate of the Roman Republic, Senate of Rome says that Caesar will be declared a public enemy unless he disbands his army, prompting the tribunes who support him to flee to where Caesar is waiting in Ravenna ...

– Thomas Henry Ismay, English shipowner (''White Star Line'') (d. 1899) *

February 5 Events Pre-1600 * *2 BC – Caesar Augustus is granted the title ''pater patriae'' by the Roman Senate. *AD 62, 62 – AD 62 Pompeii earthquake, Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy. *756 – Chinese New Year; An Lushan proclaims himself E ...

** Dwight L. Moody, American evangelist (d. 1899) ** Edward Miner Gallaudet, American educator of the deaf (d. 1917) *

February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto I and Pope Pope John XII, John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1258 – Siege of Baghdad (1258), Siege of Baghdad: Hulegu Kh ...

– Valentin Zubiaurre, Spanish composer (d. 1914) *

February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawn (law), pawned by Norway to S ...

– Samuel Swett Green, American librarian, advocate (d. 1918) *

February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. ...

– Nakamuta Kuranosuke, Japanese admiral (d. 1916) * March 1 – William Dean Howells, American writer, historian, editor, and politician (d. 1920) * March 3 – Jacques Duchesne, French general (d. 1918) * March 7 – Henry Draper, American physician and astronomer (d. 1882) * March 18 –

Grover Cleveland Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837June 24, 1908) was the 22nd and 24th president of the United States, serving from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897. He was the first U.S. president to serve nonconsecutive terms and the first Hist ...

, 22nd and 24th

President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal government of t ...

(d. 1908) * March 22 – Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione (d. 1899) * March 23 – Sir Charles Wyndham, English actor, theatrical manager (d. 1919) * March 27 – Kate Fox, American medium (d. 1892) * April 1 – Luis Francisco Benítez de Lugo y Benítez de Lugo (d. 1876) *

April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The Fatimid invasion of Egypt (919–921), second Fatimid invasion of Medieval Egypt, Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, Al-Qa'im (Fa ...

– Algernon Charles Swinburne, English poet (d. 1909) * April 17 – J. P. Morgan, American financier, banker (d. 1913) *

April 21 Events Pre-1600 * 753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is mur ...

– Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician, pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1922) * April 27 – Queen Cheorin, Korean queen (d. 1878) * April 29 – Georges Ernest Boulanger, French general, politician (d. 1891) * May 5 ** Anna Maria Mozzoni, Italian feminist, founder of the Italian women's movement (d. 1920) ** Theodor Rosetti, 16th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1923) * May 7 –

Karl Mauch Karl Gottlieb Mauch (7 May 1837 – 4 April 1875) was a German explorer and geographer of Africa. He reported on the archaeological ruins of Great Zimbabwe in 1871 during his search for the biblical land of Ophir. Exploration and Great Zimbabwe ...

, German explorer (d. 1875) * May 9 ** Adam Opel, German engineer, industrialist (d. 1895) ** Ben Hall, Australian bushranger (d. 1865) * May 27 – Wild Bill Hickok, American gunfighter (d. 1876) * May 28 ** George Ashlin, Irish architect (d. 1921) ** Tony Pastor, American impresario, theater owner (d. 1908) * June 22 ** Paul Bachmann, German mathematician (d. 1920) ** Paul Morphy, American chess player (d. 1884) ** Touch the Clouds, Native American Miniconjou chief (d. 1905) * June 28 – Petre P. Carp, 2-time prime minister of Romania (d. 1919)

July–December

* July 4 – Carolus-Duran, French painter (d. 1917) * July 15 – Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Queen consort of Portugal (d. 1859) * July 18 – Vasil Levski, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1873) * July 21 – Johanna Hedén, Swedish midwife, surgeon (d. 1912) * August 1 – ''(bapt.)'' Mary Harris Jones ("Mother Jones"), Irish-American labor leader (d. 1930) * August 5 – Anna Filosofova, Russian women's rights activist (d. 1912) * August 24 – Théodore Dubois, French composer (d. 1924) * September 2 – James H. Wilson, Union Army major general in the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...

(d. 1925) * September 12 – Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse (d. 1892) * September 14 – Nikolai Bugaev, Russian mathematician (d. 1903) * September 16 – King

Pedro V of Portugal Dom (honorific), Dom Pedro V (; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" (), was King of Portugal from 1853 until his death in 1861. Early life and reign As the eldest son of Maria II of Portugal, Queen Maria II and ...

(d. 1861) * September 18 – Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos, Portuguese Archbishop of Goa (d. 1880) * September 24 – Mark Hanna, United States Senator from

(d. 1904) * October 3 – Nicolás Avellaneda, Argentine president (d. 1885) * October 4 – Auguste-Réal Angers, Canadian judge and politician, 6th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1919) * October 5 – José Plácido Caamaño, 12th President of Ecuador (d. 1900) * October 10 – Robert Gould Shaw, Union Army general in the American Civil War, social reformer (k. 1863) * October 26 – Carl Koldewey, German explorer famous for the German North Polar Expedition (d. 1908) * October 28 – Tokugawa Yoshinobu, Japanese '' shōgun'', 15th and last of the

Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars ...

(d. 1913) * October 29 – Harriet Powers, African-American folk artist (d. 1910) * November 2 – Émile Bayard, French artist, illustrator (d. 1891) * November 5 – Arnold Janssen, German-born Catholic priest, saint (d. 1909) * November 20 – Lewis Waterman, American inventor, businessman (d. 1901) * November 23 – Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist,

Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...

laureate (d. 1923) * December (unknown date) – Bella French Swisher, American writer (d. 1893) * December 9 – Kabayama Sukenori, Japanese ''samurai'', general, and statesman (d. 1922) * December 11 – Webster Paulson, English civil engineer (d. 1887) *

December 15 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – Vandalic War: Byzantine Empire, Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Tricamarum. * 687 – Pope Sergius I is elected as a compromise between antipopes P ...

– George B. Post, American architect (d. 1913) * December 24 ** Empress Elisabeth of Austria, wife of Emperor Franz Joseph I (d. 1898) ** Cosima Wagner, wife of German composer

Richard Wagner Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( ; ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, essayist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most o ...

(d. 1930) * December 26 ** Sir William Dawkins, British geologist (d. 1929) ** George Dewey, American admiral (d. 1917)

Deaths

January–June

January 8 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Sima Chi becomes emperor of the Jin dynasty (266–420), Jin dynasty in succession to his brother, Emperor Hui of Jin, Sima Zhong, despite a challenge from his other brother, Sima Ying. * 871 ...

– Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria, Great-grandfather of Empress Elisabeth of Austria (b. 1752) *

January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. *1156 – Finnish peasant Lalli kills English clergyman Henry (bishop of Finland), Henry, the Bishop of Turku, on the ice of Köyliönjärvi, Lake Köyli� ...

– John Soane, British architect (b. 1753) *

January 23 Events Pre-1600 * 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor. * 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao. * 1229 ...

– John Field, Irish composer (b. 1782) *

February 7 Events Pre-1600 * 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor. * 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II. * 1301 & ...

– Gustav IV Adolf, ex-King of Sweden (b. 1778) * February 10 – Alexander Pushkin, Russian author (b. 1799) *

– Mariano José de Larra, Spanish author (b. 1809) *

February 19 Events Pre-1600 * 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats Roman usurper, usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies. * 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the w ...

– Georg Büchner, German playwright (b. 1813) * March 31 – John Constable, English painter (b. 1776) * April 4 – Louis-Sébastien Lenormand, French chemist, physicist, and inventor (b. 1757) * April 28 – Joseph Souham, French general (b. 1760) * May 5 – Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli, Italian composer (b. 1752) * May 20 – Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (b. 1747) * June 14 – Giacomo Leopardi, Italian writer (b. 1798) * June 29 – Nathaniel Macon, American politician (b. 1757) *

– King William IV of the United Kingdom and Hannover (b. 1765)

July–December

* July 18 – Vincenzo Borg, Maltese merchant, rebel leader (b. 1777) * August 12 – Pierre Laromiguière, French philosopher (b. 1756) * September 7 – Fabian Gottlieb von Osten-Sacken, Russian military leader (b. 1752) * September 21 – Pieter Vreede, Dutch politician (b. 1750) * September 28 – Akbar II, last Mughal emperor of India (b. 1760) * October 1 – Robert Clark, American politician (b. 1777) * October 10 – Charles Fourier, French philosopher (b. 1772) * October 12 – Charles-Marie Denys de Damrémont, French governor-general of French Algeria (killed during the siege of Constantine) (b. 1783) * October 17 ** Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Austrian composer (b. 1778) ** Peter Lebeck, French trapper and namesake of Lebec, California (birth unknown) * November 7 – Elijah P. Lovejoy, American abolitionist (b. 1802) * November 28 – Sophie Botta, the Dark Countess, German woman of mysterious identity

Date unknown

* Anne Pépin, Senegalese Signara (b. 1747) * Mary Dixon Kies, first American recipient of a U.S. patent (b. 1752) * Thomas Noble, English poet and translator (b. 1772)

Events

January–March

April–June

July–September

October–December

Date unknown

Births

January–June

July–December

Deaths

January–June

July–December

Date unknown

References

Further reading