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Kumanovo ( ; , sq-definite, Kumanova; also known by other alternative names) is the second-largest city in
North Macedonia North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo to the northwest and Serbia to the n ...
after the capital
Skopje Skopje ( , ; ; , sq-definite, Shkupi) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It lies in the northern part of the country, in the Skopje Basin, Skopje Valley along the Vardar River, and is the political, economic, and cultura ...
and the seat of
Kumanovo Municipality Kumanovo ( ; ) is a municipality located in the northern part of North Macedonia. ''Kumanovo'' is also the name of the city where the municipal seat is located. The Kumanovo Municipality is part of the Northeastern Statistical Region. Geography ...
, the largest municipality in the country. Kumanovo lies
above sea level Height above mean sea level is a measure of a location's vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) in reference to a vertical datum based on a historic mean sea level. In geodesy, it is formalized as orthometric height. The zero level ...
and is surrounded by the Karadag part of Skopska Crna Gora mountain on its western side, Gradištanska mountain on its southern side, and Mangovica and German mountain on the eastern side. The Skopje Airport also serves Kumanovo. It has many historical sites. One of its most important is the 4,000-year-old megalithic astronomical observatory of Kokino, located northeast of Kumanovo and discovered in 2001. It is ranked fourth on the list of old observatories by
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...
. In 1912, during the
First Balkan War The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Greece, Greece and Kingdom of Montenegro, Montenegro) agai ...
, Serbian forces won a decisive victory over the Ottomans north of the town. The two-day Battle of Kumanovo ended Ottoman authority in
Vardar Macedonia Vardar Macedonia (Macedonian language, Macedonian and ) is a historical term referring to the central part of the broader Macedonian region, roughly corresponding to present-day North Macedonia. The name derives from the Vardar, Vardar River and i ...
which contributed to the region's integration into Serbia, and consequently into
Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...
. The entire region of Macedonia was split in three between Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria after the Treaty of Bucharest in 1913. During World War II the communist resistance in Vardar Macedonia began in Kumanovo on 11 October 1941. The rapid economic, administrative and cultural expansion of Kumanovo began in 1945. The town's metal-processing, tobacco, agriculture, footwear and textile industries made it an economic, trading and cultural center during the time of
SFR Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (commonly abbreviated as SFRY or SFR Yugoslavia), known from 1945 to 1963 as the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as Socialist Yugoslavia or simply Yugoslavia, was a country ...
. It was the site of the 1999 Kumanovo Agreement between
FR Yugoslavia The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro or simply Serbia and Montenegro, known until 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and commonly referred to as FR Yugoslavia (FRY) or simply Yugoslavia, was a country in Southeast Europe locate ...
and
NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; , OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental Transnationalism, transnational military alliance of 32 Member states of NATO, member s ...
about bringing in a NATO peacekeeping contingent in Kosovo. It is internationally known for a jazz festival hosting bands from all over the world.


Etymology

The name of the city in Macedonian, Serbian and Bulgarian is ''Kumanovo'' (Куманово). The name in Albanian is ''Kumanovë'' or ''Kumanova''. Kumanovo is known as in Aromanian. ''Kumanovo'' derives from the name of the
Cumans The Cumans or Kumans were a Turkic people, Turkic nomadic people from Central Asia comprising the western branch of the Cumania, Cuman–Kipchak confederation who spoke the Cuman language. They are referred to as Polovtsians (''Polovtsy'') in Ru ...
, a western branch of
Kipchaks The Kipchaks, also spelled Qipchaqs, known as Polovtsians (''Polovtsy'') in Russian annals, were Turkic nomads and then a confederation that existed in the Middle Ages inhabiting parts of the Eurasian Steppe. First mentioned in the eighth cent ...
, the tribe that settled in the area in the early 12th century.


Geography

Kumanovo is situated in the northern parts of
North Macedonia North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo to the northwest and Serbia to the n ...
, 30 km (18 mi) northeast of the capital city of
Skopje Skopje ( , ; ; , sq-definite, Shkupi) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It lies in the northern part of the country, in the Skopje Basin, Skopje Valley along the Vardar River, and is the political, economic, and cultura ...
. The coordinates of the city are approximately 42°05'N and 21°40'E. Kumanovo lies
above sea level Height above mean sea level is a measure of a location's vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) in reference to a vertical datum based on a historic mean sea level. In geodesy, it is formalized as orthometric height. The zero level ...
and is surrounded by: * the Karadag part of Skopska Crna Gora mountain on its western side, * Gradištanska mountain on its southern side, and * Mangovica and German mountain on the Eastern side.


Neighbourhoods

* Goce Delčev, * Zelen Rid, * Pero Čičo (Banevo Trlo), * Karpoš (Rajkova Kuka), *Ajdučka Češma, * Sokolana, * Igo Tričkovik (Pukovsko), * Vera Kotorka (Dobrošane), * Bedinje, * Jane Sandanski (Babin Dol), * Sredorek.


Streets

* Oktomvriska Revolucija, * Gjorče Petrov, * Treta Makedonska Udarna Brigada, * Goce Delčev, * Narodna Revolucija, * Nikola Tesla, * Leninova, * 11 Oktomvri, * Moša Pijade, * Ivo Lola Ribar, * Srbo Tomovik, * Tode Mendol, * Karaorman * Pero Čičo, * Esperanto, * Bajram Shabani, * Franc Rozman. * Strašo Pindjur


Old neighborhoods

Most old neighborhoods consist of shops and very few houses. ''Veleška Maalo'' (or Veleško Maalo) is an old neighbourhood of Kumanovo. The name comes from the merchants from the town of Veles, who passed through the neighbourhood to sell their products by the rivers
Vardar The Vardar (; , , ) or Axios (, ) is the longest river in North Macedonia and a major river in Greece, where it reaches the Aegean Sea at Thessaloniki. It is long, out of which are in Greece, and drains an area of around . The maximum depth of ...
and Pčinja, and the Konjarinja villages Studena, Bara and Krasta. The main street, which today is named Narodna Revolucija, was their shortest way to the center of the city. ''Karapsko maalo'' was located across today's south side of Goce Delčev High School through to the end of Moša Pijade street. The name of the neighborhood came from the
Ottomans Ottoman may refer to: * Osman I, historically known in English as "Ottoman I", founder of the Ottoman Empire * Osman II, historically known in English as "Ottoman II" * Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empir ...
. Every house in the neighborhood had a yard; neighboring yard were connected with doors, used by anyone chased by the Ottomans. Macedonians, komits and revolutionaries used this scheme to escape to the towns outskirts and the town itself. The Ottomans called it the ''dark'' or the ''secret'' neighborhood. Also, * Varoš maalo, * Endek maalo, * Muhamedbegovo maalo, * Ortabunar maalo, * Bedinsko maalo, * Novo maalo, * Lipkovsko maalo, * Teke maalo, * Tatar maalo and * Muandžisko maalo, * Sokolana maalo. ''Endek maalo'' was placed across today's city hall on two banks of the former river of Serava.


Old streets

* Opančarsko sokače, * Nagorički sokak, * Proevski sokak, * Veleški sokak, * Romanovski sokak, * Ukumat sokak and * Vranjsko Dzade.


Military installations

The military base ''Boro Menkov'' is one of the military installations of ARM in Kumanovo. The base was established by the JNA. MB ''Hristijan Todorovski - Karpoš'' is the second base in Kumanovo, it was also established by the JNA and was inherited by the ARM. Today, part of the installation is converted into a university, and another part was inherited by the Ministry of Interior. There was an idea of turning the base into an economic industrial zone. In Kumanovo's ''Elezov kamen'' area there is also a Military Warehouse Base that operates today.


Police station

Kumanovo has a police station, under the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The current police chief is Nikica Petruševski.


Climate

Kumanovo has a
humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...
(
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
: ''Cfa'') with warm to hot summers and chilly winters. Precipitation is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year.


History


Prehistory

The area boasts several prehistoric settlements, among which are * the Kostoperska Karpa, * the Bronze Age Gradište near the village of Pelince, * the Neolithic site of Mlado Nagoričane, * the
Iron Age The Iron Age () is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age. It has also been considered as the final age of the three-age division starting with prehistory (before recorded history) and progre ...
tumulus Groblje at Vojnik, * the Roman Necropolis Drezga of Lopate, and * the Roman Settlement ''Vicianus'' at village of Klečovce.


Middle Ages

The first written mentioning of the individual modern villages of the Kumanovo region originate in the 14th century. These are, for the most part, found in Serbian charters: * of King
Stefan Milutin Stefan Uroš II Milutin ( sr-Cyrl, Стефан Урош II Милутин, Stefan Uroš II Milutin; 1253 – 29 October 1321), known as Saint King, was the King of Serbia between 1282–1321, a member of the Nemanjić dynasty. He was one ...
, * Emperor
Stefan Dušan Stephen (honorific), Stefan Uroš IV Dušan ( sr-Cyrl, Стефан Урош IV Душан), also known as Dušan the Mighty ( sr-Cyrl, Душан Силни; – 20 December 1355), was the King of Serbia from 8 September 1331 and Emperor of th ...
, * Sevastokrator Dejan, ** Jevdokija Dejanović, and Dejan's sons, ** Jovan and **
Konstantin The first name Konstantin () is a derivation from the Latin name '' Constantinus'' ( Constantine) in some European languages, such as Bulgarian, Russian, Estonian and German. As a Christian given name, it refers to the memory of the Roman empe ...
. In this time, the Kumanovo region (old Žegligovo) received its geographical location and certain settlement picture. According to a charter of the monastery of Arhiljevica dated 1355, ''sevastokrator'' Dejan held a major domain (''oblast'') east of Skopska Crna Gora. It included the old '' župe'' (counties) of Žegligovo and Preševo (modern Kumanovo region with Sredorek and Kozjačija).


Ottoman period

The town was mentioned in 1530 according to registry of Turkish Devlet Arşivleri as a village in Nogoriçe town, within Kaza of İştip. It was founded by Turkish colonists from Asia Minor and initially was settled by Turks and later by Muslim Albanians. Slavic population entered the town in the late 18th century but its number rose just during early 19th century.
Evliya Çelebi Dervish Mehmed Zillî (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as Evliya Çelebi (), was an Ottoman Empire, Ottoman explorer who travelled through his home country during its cultural zenith as well as neighboring lands. He travelled for over 40 years, rec ...
described it in 1660–61: "The colony of Kumanovo is situated on the territory of the Skopje sanjak and represents one county. The city is embellished with many rivers and 600 tile-roofs houses. The
mosque A mosque ( ), also called a masjid ( ), is a place of worship for Muslims. The term usually refers to a covered building, but can be any place where Salah, Islamic prayers are performed; such as an outdoor courtyard. Originally, mosques were si ...
in the downtown is beautiful, there are tekke, madrassa,
hammam A hammam (), also often called a Turkish bath by Westerners, is a type of steam bath or a place of public bathing associated with the Islamic world. It is a prominent feature in the culture of the Muslim world and was inherited from the model ...
, a number of shops and water mills; and the climate is pleasant and agreeable. There are many vineyards and gardens". In 1689, Karposh, a brigand commander in the region of Dospat (present-day
Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...
), who served as an Ottoman Christian auxiliary force commander, took advantage of the weakening of the Ottomans and discontent that arose concerning higher Ottoman taxation policies, and organized a revolt while
Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...
staged an attack on the Ottomans. Karposh's Rebellion quickly spread, resulting in the liberation of Kratovo, Kriva Palanka, Kumanovo, Kačanik and other towns. Then, together with the Austrian army led by Emperor Leopold I, the local Christian population fought to liberate
Skopje Skopje ( , ; ; , sq-definite, Shkupi) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It lies in the northern part of the country, in the Skopje Basin, Skopje Valley along the Vardar River, and is the political, economic, and cultura ...
and
Štip Štip ( ) is the largest urban agglomeration in the eastern part of North Macedonia, serving as the economic, industrial, entertainment and educational focal point for the surrounding municipalities. As of the 2021 census, the city of Štip had ...
. Later changes in the military and political situation in the Balkans had crucial downwards effect on the revolt. The Austrian army was forced to withdraw and the reinforced Ottomans attacked the rebels, taking Kriva Palanka, the rebel stronghold, and then attacked Kumanovo and its newly constructed fortress, where they captured Karposh and put him to death on the Stone Bridge across the Vardar. Kumanovo became an urban settlement and administrative center of the region at the end of the 16th century or the beginning of the 17th century. Following the turbulent events (including the Karpoš Uprising in 1689) the city experienced a period of stagnation, and by the end of 18th century Kumanovo epitomized an Ottoman provincial town. In an 1861 book Austrian diplomat Johann Georg von Hahn stated that the town had 650 dwellings, of which 300 were Muslim and 350 were Christian Bulgarian, in addition to 30 Gypsy in the outskirts, while the total population of the town was 3,500. The Kumanovo Uprising, led by Serb district chiefs of Kumanovo and surrounding districts, was active from 20 January to 20 May 1878 (4 months). The chiefs swore oath in the local church and appealed to Prince Milan IV of Serbia to aid the uprising, and they pledged their devotion and loyalty, and union with Serbia. The rebels were finally defeated by brigadier-general Hafuz Pasha. The Skopje Revolutionary district of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) decided in 1894 that it would organize a committee in Kumanovo, which was later established in the house of Jordan Jovčev, member of the local Bulgarian school board. The committee included also the chief Bulgarian teacher in the town Iliya Levkov, the secretary of the Bulgarian metropolitan deputy Traiche Mitev, priest Andon, his son and Bulgarian teacher Psaltir Popandontov, the merchant Zafir Tasev, elder of the Kumanovo Bulgarian community the Bulgarian teacher Zafir Shaklev and Angel Prekodolka. They organized the assassination of Serbian priest Atanasije Petrović.


First Balkan War

In October 1912, during the
First Balkan War The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Greece, Greece and Kingdom of Montenegro, Montenegro) agai ...
, Serbian forces under the command of General Radomir Putnik won a decisive victory over the Ottomans north of the town. The two-day Battle of Kumanovo ended Ottoman authority in
Vardar Macedonia Vardar Macedonia (Macedonian language, Macedonian and ) is a historical term referring to the central part of the broader Macedonian region, roughly corresponding to present-day North Macedonia. The name derives from the Vardar, Vardar River and i ...
and contributed for region's integration into Serbia, and consequently, into
Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...
. The entire region of Macedonia was split in three among Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria after the Treaty of Bucharest in 1913.


World War II

The communist resistance in Kumanovo and
Prilep Prilep ( ) is the List of cities in North Macedonia, fourth-largest city in North Macedonia. According to 2021 census, it had a population of 63,308. Name The name of Prilep appeared first as ''Πρίλαπος'' in Greek (''Prilapos'') in 1 ...
began on 11 October 1941. The struggle ended with victory and formation of the Macedonian socialist federated state within the Yugoslav Federation (
SFRY The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (commonly abbreviated as SFRY or SFR Yugoslavia), known from 1945 to 1963 as the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as Socialist Yugoslavia or simply Yugoslavia, was a country ...
). One of the famous partisans from Kumanovo was Hristijan Todorovski Karpoš. After 1945 Kumanovo experienced fast economic, administrative and cultural development.


Modern history

It developed economically in the late 19th century (agriculture, handcrafts and trade). Still, industrial development occurred only at the end of the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
. The rapid economic, administrative and cultural expansion of Kumanovo began in 1945. Today, it is a modern city with approximately 100,000 inhabitants. It was also the site of the 9 June 1999 Agreement signed between FR Yugoslav Generals and the NATO Generals about bringing in a NATO peacekeeping contingent in Kosovo called, the Kosovo Force, or KFOR ( Kumanovo Agreement).


2001 Albanian insurgency and Inter-community relations

The Albanian insurgency in Macedonia first started in the mountains outskirts of
Tetovo Tetovo (, ; , sq-definite, Tetova) is a city in the northwestern part of North Macedonia, built on the foothills of Šar Mountain and divided by the Pena (river), Pena River. The municipality of Tetovo covers an area of at above sea level, wit ...
and then spread in May 2001 to the region of Kumanovo mostly to the north. The armed conflict in Kumanovo mainly resulted in a division of the educational system along ethnic lines. All the Albanian-language students left the schools and demanded new schools to be opened. Following this process there is a visible separation in the town affecting the inter-community relations.


2015 clashes

A group claiming to be the National Liberation Army had claimed responsibility for a grenade attack on Kumanovo's police station in December 2014. During a
police raid A police raid is an unexpected visit by police or other law enforcement officers, which aims to use the element of surprise to seize Evidence (law), evidence or arrest suspects believed to be likely to Tampering with evidence, hide evidence, res ...
on 9 May 2015, a shootout erupted between Macedonian police forces and an armed group. Eight Macedonian policemen and 10 ethnic Albanians were killed, while 37 officers were wounded and hospitalized. The attack ended on 10 May 2015 in an operation by the police. Thirty men were arrested and charged with
terrorism Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of violence against non-combatants to achieve political or ideological aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violence during peacetime or in the context of war aga ...
by Macedonian authorities.


Economy

Agriculture and trade developed mainly in the 19th century. After the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
the town's metal-processing, tobacco, agriculture, footwear and textile industries have made it an economic, trading and cultural center during the time of
SFR Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (commonly abbreviated as SFRY or SFR Yugoslavia), known from 1945 to 1963 as the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as Socialist Yugoslavia or simply Yugoslavia, was a country ...
.


Infrastructure


Railway

A railway connection exists between Skopje with
Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
via Kumanovo. In 2013, rehabilitation of the railway section between Kumanovo and the village of Beljakovce will commence, which is part of the ''Railway Corridor VIII'' that will connect North Macedonia with Sofia, Bulgaria and the Black Sea to the East and Tirana, Albania and the Adriatic Sea to the West.


Roads

A 40 kilometre () highway exists between Skopje and Kumanovo, going near Kumanovo in the north and crossing the border with
Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...
. On the section Kumanovo-Miladinovci there is a Pay tool. Section of the Pan-European Corridor X was put into use in 2010 connecting Kumanovo to the border crossing Tabanovce. The highway was built for 4 years and at a cost of 15.5 million Euros. Another important road goes from Kumanovo to Kriva Palanka and then to the border with
Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...
.


Air Travel

Skopje International Airport is south of Kumanovo. The E-75 motorway is accessible from Kumanovo. Sofia Airport is from the city and Thessaloniki International Airport is . Near Kumanovo is Adzi Tepe Airport which is without a paved runway.


Culture


Monuments and Landmarks

Kumanovo has several prehistoric monuments dating back to the prehistoric period, including: * Gradište, an archaeological site from the
Bronze Age The Bronze Age () was a historical period characterised principally by the use of bronze tools and the development of complex urban societies, as well as the adoption of writing in some areas. The Bronze Age is the middle principal period of ...
near the village of Pelince * Near the village of Mlado Nagoričane is another interesting site dating from the period of Neolith. * Near the village of Lopate is the Drezga place that represents a Roman necropolis. * One of the most important sites located near the Kumanovo is the 4,000-year-old megalithic astronomical observatory of Kokino, located northeast of Kumanovo and discovered in 2001. It is ranked fourth on the list of old observatories by
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...
. *Sculpture of Batko Gjorgjija in the city center * Monument Four Poles also located in the center of the city on the main square, * Memorial Ossuary and * House Museum of Hristijan Todorovski Karpoš. The oldest and biggest church in the town is the St. Nicholas. There are icons from the 13th century in the church. The church represents a masterwork of Andreja Damjanov, an important Macedonian renaissance architect. * Church Holy Trinity built in 1902, * Church of St. George, * Church of St. Petka in the village of Mlado Nagoričane, * the Karpino Monastery, * the Ascension of Holy Mother in the village of Matejče, * Eski Mosque built in 1532, * Monument Zebrnjak, * Kumanovska Banja in the village of Proevce and * Sports Hall Sokolana. * Chetiri Bandere Monument Other landmarks are: * statue of Woman Fighter, buildings: * Zanatski dom and * Kasapski Krug and * ASNOM memorial center in the village Pelince.


Cultural organizations

The oldest folklore assemble in
North Macedonia North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo to the northwest and Serbia to the n ...
, KUD "Panče Pešev" is placed in Kumanovo. This year the assemble is celebrating 80 years of existence. Kumanovo has * a library " Tane Georgievski Library", * cultural center Trajko Prokopiev, *
museum A museum is an institution dedicated to displaying or Preservation (library and archive), preserving culturally or scientifically significant objects. Many museums have exhibitions of these objects on public display, and some have private colle ...
and *
theatre Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors to present experiences of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a Stage (theatre), stage. The performe ...
. Several painting colonies and exhibitions take place every year in Kumanovo or in nearby villages. Kumanovo is distinguished by its jazz festival which features bands from all over the world. In 2002 the Macedonian bands Foltin and Dragan Dautovski Quartet performed, and in 2003 Macedonian jazz pianist Simon Kiselicki performed in his 'Beneventan Trio'. Every year Kumanovo has a " Days of Comedy" festival, sponsored by the Macedonian Ministry of Culture, featuring comedies from several Macedonian theatres and also from neighbouring Serbia and Bulgaria. Kumanovo municipality was organizing the manifestation "City of Culture 2006".


Demographics


Historical

Table below showing historic demographic development according to Yugoslav and Macedonian census data:


Present-day

The population of the city of Kumanovo according to the 2002 census numbers 77,561, the majority of which are ethnic Macedonians 62.4% (48,416), with a significant minority of ethnic
Albanians The Albanians are an ethnic group native to the Balkan Peninsula who share a common Albanian ancestry, Albanian culture, culture, Albanian history, history and Albanian language, language. They are the main ethnic group of Albania and Kosovo, ...
23.7% (18,369) and ethnic
Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to Southeastern Europe who share a common Serbian Cultural heritage, ancestry, Culture of Serbia, culture, History of Serbia, history, and Serbian lan ...
7.4% (5,746).Macedonian census, language and religion
/ref> The most common mother tongues in the city were the following: *Macedonian, 45,306 (64.0%) *Albanian, 18,283 (25.8%) *Romani, 4,007 (5.7%) *Serbian, 2,399 (3.4%) *Turkish, 215 (0.3%) *others, 632 (0.9%) The religious composition of the city was the following: * Eastern Orthodox Christians, 46,766 (66.0%) *Muslims, 22,483 (31.7%) *others, 1,593 (2.3%)


People


Sport

FK Kumanovo is the main football team from the city and host their games at the Kumanovo Park Stadium.
Milano Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nearly 1.4 million, while i ...
plays its games at Milano Arena. KF Goblen has played in the Macedonian Second Football League and FK Karpoš 93 in the OFS Kumanovo First Division. Macedonian National Football Team played friendly match with
Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...
in Kumanovo on 29 September 1998. The game took place at Gradski Stadium Kumanovo and the scorers for Macedonian team were Srgjan Zaharievski and Dževdet Šainovski. The match ended 2:2. RK Kumanovo is the handball club that currently competes in the Macedonian Handball Super League. They won the first ever Macedonian Handball Cup back in 1992–93. Also, Kumanovo is recognized as a box school center, with few names emerged as famous in the 20th century, with
Ace Rusevski Ace Rusevski (born November 30, 1956, in Kumanovo) is a retired Macedonians (ethnic group), Macedonian boxing, boxer who represented Yugoslavia at the Boxing at the 1976 Summer Olympics, 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. There he ...
and Redžep Redžepovski as a leading names.


Media


Telecommunication operators

* A1 Macedonia (
América Móvil América Móvil, S.A.B. de C.V. is a Mexican telecommunications corporation headquartered in Mexico City, Mexico. It is the 7th largest mobile network operator in the world in terms of equity subscribers, as well as one of the largest corpor ...
) * Green Mobile * IP Systems * K-Net * Lycamobile * Makedonski Telekom (
Deutsche Telekom Deutsche Telekom AG (, ; often just Telekom, DTAG or DT; stylised as ·T·) is a partially state-owned German telecommunications company headquartered in Bonn and the largest telecommunications provider in Europe by revenue. It was formed in 199 ...
) * Mtel ( Telekom Srbija) * Multimedia Net * Telekabel * Total TV ( SBB)


TV Stations

* TV Plus * Festa * Hana (Closed) * Nova (Closed) * KTL (Closed) * RTK (Closed) * K3,
Regional In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as areas, zones, lands or territories, are portions of the Earth's surface that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and ...
, HQ in Kumanovo, (Closed) * KRT (Closed)


Radio stations

*Radio Bum *Radio Bravo *Jehona 103.5 FM *City FM (Closed)


Newspapers

* Ploshtad newspaper (closed) * Nash Vesnik (closed) * Dedo Ivan (closed) * Oktobris (closed)


Gallery

File:Spomenik na Revolucijata.JPG, Monument of the Revolution File:Batko Gjorgjija monument in the square of Kumanovo.JPG, Batko Gjorgjija monument in the square of Kumanovo File:Kumanovo railway station.jpg, Kumanovo railway station Kumanovo.JPG, Kumanovo at night Bislim.jpg, Bislim near Kumanovo File:Astroexpedition in Kokino 03.jpg, Kokino view File:Collective residential area in Kumanovo, Macedonia.JPG, Collective residential area in Kumanovo File:Sv.Nikola-Kumanovo-vlezna porta.JPG, St. Nikola, main church in Kumanovo File:Municipality of Kumanovo.jpg, The Municipal Building in Kumanovo (built as an Ottoman police station) File:River Pchinja near v.Vojnik, Staro Nagorichane.JPG, River Pchinja near v.Vojnik


Diplomatic missions

Honorary Consulate


Twin towns – sister cities

Kumanovo is twinned with: *
Banja Luka Banja Luka ( sr-Cyrl, Бања Лука, ) or Banjaluka ( sr-Cyrl, Бањалука, ) is the List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, second largest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the largest city in Republika Srpska. Banja Luka is the tr ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina *
Bijeljina Bijeljina ( sr-cyrl, Бијељина) is a city and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the provincial center of Semberija, a geographic region in the country's northeast. As of 2013, it has a population of 107,715 ...
, Bosnia and Herzegovina * Câmpina, Romania * Çorlu, Turkey * Čukarica (Belgrade), Serbia * Gabrovo, Bulgaria *
Gjilan Gjilan ( sq-definite, Gjilani) or Gnjilane ( sr-Cyrl, Гњилане) is the third most populous city in Kosovo and it serves as both a municipality and the administrative center of the District of Gjilan, Gjilan District. According to the 2024 ...
, Kosovo *
Gornji Milanovac Gornji Milanovac ( sr-Cyrl, Гoрњи Милановац, ) is a town and municipality located in the Moravica District of central Serbia. The population of the town is 23,109, while the population of the municipality is 38,985 (2022 census data). ...
, Serbia *
Leskovac Leskovac ( sr-Cyrl, Лесковац, ) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the Jablanica District in Southern Serbia (Geographical Region), southern Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the city itself has a p ...
, Serbia *
Nikšić Nikšić (Cyrillic script, Cyrillic: Никшић, ), is the second largest city in Montenegro, with a total population of 32,046 (2023 census) located in the west of the country, in the centre of the spacious Nikšić field at the foot of Trebjesa ...
, Montenegro *
Novi Sad Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; #Name, see below for other names) is the List of cities in Serbia, second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pannoni ...
, Serbia *
Pančevo Pančevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Панчево, ; ; ; ; ) is a list of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the South Banat District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is located on the shores of rivers Timiș (ri ...
, Serbia *
Plovdiv Plovdiv (, ) is the List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, second-largest city in Bulgaria, 144 km (93 miles) southeast of the capital Sofia. It had a population of 490,983 and 675,000 in the greater metropolitan area. Plovdiv is a cultural hub ...
, Bulgaria *
Vranje Vranje ( sr-Cyrl, Врање, ) is a city in Southern Serbia and the administrative center of the Pčinja District. According to the 2022 census, the city itself has a population of 55,214 while the city administrative area has 74,381 inhabitan ...
, Serbia


See also

* List of mayors of Kumanovo * Kumanovo dialect *
Kumanovo Municipality Kumanovo ( ; ) is a municipality located in the northern part of North Macedonia. ''Kumanovo'' is also the name of the city where the municipal seat is located. The Kumanovo Municipality is part of the Northeastern Statistical Region. Geography ...
* Buildings and Structures in Kumanovo * Coat of arms of Kumanovo * Kumani * Kumanovo Prison * Timeline of Kumanovo * Diocese of Kumanovo and Osogovo * Muftiship of Kumanovo


References


Sources

* *


External links


Official Web Site of KumanovoKumanovo daily newsKokino megalithic observatoryKumanovo jazz festivalWeb Site of KumanovoKumani Zapad
{{Authority control Cities in North Macedonia Kumanovo Municipality