Český Dub () is a town in
Liberec District
Liberec District () is a district in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the city of Liberec.
Administrative division
Liberec District is divided into three administrative districts of municipalities with extended competence: ...
in the
Liberec Region
Liberec Region () is an administrative unit (Czech language, Czech: ''kraj'') of the Czech Republic, located in the northernmost part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after its capital Liberec. The region shares international bor ...
of the
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...
. It has about 2,900 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an
urban monument zone.
Administrative division
Český Dub consists of 15 municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):
*Český Dub I (215)
*Český Dub II (360)
*Český Dub III (290)
*Český Dub IV (1,057)
*Bohumileč (22)
*Hoření Starý Dub (61)
*Kněžičky (168)
*Libíč (34)
*Loukovičky (53)
*Malý Dub (33)
*Modlibohov (60)
*Smržov (103)
*Sobákov (30)
*Sobotice (125)
*Starý Dub (141)
Etymology
The name literally means '
Bohemia
Bohemia ( ; ; ) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. In a narrow, geographic sense, it roughly encompasses the territories of present-day Czechia that fall within the Elbe River's drainage basin, but historic ...
n oak' in Czech.
Geography
Český Dub is located about south of
Liberec
Liberec (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 108,000 inhabitants, making it the fifth largest city in the country. It lies on the Lusatian Neisse River, in a basin surrounded by mountains. The city centre is well preserved and is pr ...
. The southeastern part of the municipal territory with the town proper lies in the
Jičín Uplands
The Jičín Uplands () are uplands and a geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located in the Hradec Králové, Liberec and Central Bohemian regions.
Geomorphology
The Jičín Uplands are a mesoregion of the North Bohemian ...
and the northwestern part lies in the
Ralsko Uplands. The highest point is a nameless hill at above sea level. The town is situated at the confluence of the Ještědka and Rašovka streams. The Ještědka then heads to the
Mohelka River, which flows through the southern part of the municipal territory.
History
Český Dub belongs to the oldest settlements in
North Bohemia
North Bohemia (, ) is a region in the north of the Czech Republic.
Location
North Bohemia roughly covers the present-day NUTS regional unit of ''CZ04 Severozápad'' and the western part of ''CZ05 Severovýchod''.
From an administrative perspec ...
. The first written mention of Český Dub is from 1115. It was founded as a market settlement on a trade route, on an elevated spot between small rivers of Ještědka and Rašovka. In 1237, Český Dub became a property of
Havel of Markvartice
Havel of Markvartice, also Havel of Lemberk () or Gallus of Lämberg; '' fl.'' 1230–1255) was a Bohemian nobleman, Lord of Lemberk Castle and burgrave of Kladsko.
Family
The Markvartici — also called Marquards — were a prominent Bohemian ...
. He had built here a fortified monastery for the Order of
Knights Hospitaller
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), is a Catholic military order. It was founded in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century and had headquarters there ...
with the Chapel of Saint John the Baptist. In the mid-15th century, the town was destroyed by fires and by the
Lusatia
Lusatia (; ; ; ; ; ), otherwise known as Sorbia, is a region in Central Europe, formerly entirely in Germany and today territorially split between Germany and modern-day Poland. Lusatia stretches from the Bóbr and Kwisa rivers in the eas ...
n army. Jan of Vartenberg had rebuilt the town in 1490.
In 1552, the monastery and the late Gothic castle were rebuilt to a representative Renaissance castle. The castle burned down in 1858. In the middle of the 19th century, the town became a centre of the textile industry thanks to the entrepreneur Franz von Schmitt. He also had built a Neo-Renaissance castle in the town.
[
]
Demographics
Transport
Český Dub is located at the intersection of two second class roads. There are no railways or major roads passing through the town.
Sights
The Church of the Sending of the Holy Spirit was originally a Gothic church, built after 1237 and first documented in 1291. It was rebuilt into its current Baroque form in 1694–1695.
The Church of the Holy Trinity is an early Baroque cemetery church. It dates from the late 17th century.
Schmitt's Villa is a notable Neorenaissance house. It was built for in 1873–1874 and looks like a castle, for that reason it is sometimes called a Schmitt's Castle. Today the buildings serves as an institute of social services. Its English landscape garden
The English landscape garden, also called English landscape park or simply the English garden (, , , , ), is a style of "landscape" garden which emerged in England in the early 18th century, and spread across Europe, replacing the more formal ...
is open to the public.
The regional Podještědské Museum was founded in 1919 and since 1945 has been located in Blaschko's Villa. It is a valuable Neorenaissance house, built in 1880–1881, decorated in the style of historicist Art Nouveau. It was built by Franz von Schmitt for his daughter and her husband. The museum also includes exposed underground remains of the Knights Hospitaller monastery.
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cesky Dub
Cities and towns in the Czech Republic
Populated places in Liberec District