ústí Nad Orlicí
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Ústí nad Orlicí (; ) is a town in the
Pardubice Region Pardubice Region () is an administrative unit () of the Czech Republic, located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia, with a small part in northwestern Moravia. It is named after its capital Pardubice. As an administrat ...
of the
Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...
. It has about 14,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.


Administrative division

Ústí nad Orlicí consists of five municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Ústí nad Orlicí (8,978) *Černovír (295) *Dolní Houžovec (52) *Horní Houžovec (48) *Hylváty (3,017) *Kerhartice (888) *Knapovec (326) *Oldřichovice (354)


Etymology

The name ''Ústí'' literally means 'mouth (of the river)'. It refers to its location at the confluence of rivers. The German name ''Wildenschwert'' was created by a distortion of the original German name ''Wilhelmswerd'', which referred to one of colonizers on the area, Wilhelm von Dürnholz, and meant "Wilhelm's promontory".


Geography

Ústí nad Orlicí is located about east of
Pardubice Pardubice (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 92,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Repub ...
. It lies in the
Svitavy Uplands The Svitavy Uplands or Svitavy Hills () are uplands and a geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located in the Pardubice Region and it belongs to the largest mesoregions in the country. Geomorphology The Svitavy Uplands is a ...
. The highest point is the Strážný hill at above sea level. The town is situated at the confluence of the
Tichá Orlice The Tichá Orlice () is a river in the Czech Republic, the secondary source river of the Orlice River. It flows through the Hradec Králové and Pardubice regions. It is long, making it the 21st longest river in the Czech Republic. Etymology Th ...
and
Třebovka The Třebovka is a river in the Czech Republic, a left tributary of the Tichá Orlice River. It flows through the Pardubice Region. It is long. Etymology The name is derived from the old Czech verb ''triebiti'', which meant 'chop down', 'clear'. ...
rivers.


Climate


History

Ústí nad Orlicí was founded in the second half of the 13th century, during the reign of King
Ottokar II of Bohemia Ottokar II (; , in Městec Králové, Bohemia – 26 August 1278, in Dürnkrut, Austria, Dürnkrut, Lower Austria), the Iron and Golden King, was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty who reigned as King of Bohemia from 1253 until his death in 1278 ...
. Its predecessor was a
Slavic Slavic, Slav or Slavonic may refer to: Peoples * Slavic peoples, an ethno-linguistic group living in Europe and Asia ** East Slavic peoples, eastern group of Slavic peoples ** South Slavic peoples, southern group of Slavic peoples ** West Slav ...
settlement called ''Oustí''. The first written mention of the town is from 1285, when King
Wenceslaus II Wenceslaus II Přemyslid (; ; 27 SeptemberK. Charvátová, ''Václav II. Král český a polský'', Prague 2007, p. 18. 1271 – 21 June 1305) was King of Bohemia (1278–1305), Duke of Cracow (1291–1305), and King of Poland (1296–1305 ...
gifted it to
Záviš of Falkenstein Záviš of Falkenstein (; – 24 August 1290), a member of the noble house of Vítkovci, was a Bohemian Bohemian or Bohemians may refer to: *Anything of or relating to Bohemia Culture and arts * Bohemianism, an unconventional lifestyl ...
. In 1292, after death of Záviš, Wenceslaus II gifted the settlement to the
Cistercian The Cistercians (), officially the Order of Cistercians (, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint Benedict, as well as the contri ...
monks at Königsaal. They passed the town to the
Litomyšl Litomyšl (; ) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 10,000 inhabitants. It is a former bishopric and Latin Catholic titular see. Litomyšl is known for the château-type castle complex of the Lit ...
bishopric in 1358. During the 15th and 16th centuries, it was owned by various noble families, including the Kostkas of Postupice or the
Pernštejn family The House of Pernštejn () was one of the oldest and most important (uradel) families originating from Moravian nobility, along with the House of Rosenberg, that played an important role in the medieval history of Bohemian nobility from the 13th ...
. The town was damaged by a large fire in 1495. After the
Battle of White Mountain The Battle of White Mountain (; ) was an important battle in the early stages of the Thirty Years' War. It led to the defeat of the Bohemian Revolt and ensured Habsburg control for the next three hundred years. It was fought on 8 November 16 ...
in 1620, Ústí was acquired by the Liechtenstein family. There were
guilds A guild ( ) is an association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular territory. The earliest types of guild formed as organizations of tradespeople belonging to a professional association. They so ...
of weavers established here in the 16th century. The town was slow to recover from the lootings of the
Thirty Years' War The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from battle, famine ...
, then was destroyed by fire in 1705. It gained municipal status in 1795. When Ústí was connected to the railway network by the
Olomouc Olomouc (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the Statutory city (Czech Republic), sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region. Located on the Morava (rive ...
Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...
line in 1845, the textile business boomed. It gained the tagline of ''The
Manchester Manchester () is a city and the metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. It had an estimated population of in . Greater Manchester is the third-most populous metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, with a population of 2.92&nbs ...
of Eastern Bohemia'', and became an important textile centre. It was an important railway junction and from 1850 became a regional centre.


Demographics


Economy

The largest industrial employer based in the town is Rieter CZ, a manufacturer of textile machinery with more than 500 employees.


Transport

The I/14 road (the section from
Rychnov nad Kněžnou Rychnov nad Kněžnou (; ) is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 11,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones, urban m ...
to
Česká Třebová Česká Třebová (; ) is a town in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 15,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Mon ...
) passes through the town. Ústí nad Orlicí is located on the
Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...
Košice Košice is the largest city in eastern Slovakia. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary. With a population of approximately 230,000, Košice is the second-largest cit ...
international railway line. The town is also served by the Prague–
Luhačovice Luhačovice (; ) is a spa town in Zlín District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,000 inhabitants. It is known for the largest spa in Moravia and for architecturally valuable buildings designed by the architect Dušan Jurko ...
and Prague–
Gdynia Gdynia is a city in northern Poland and a seaport on the Baltic Sea coast. With an estimated population of 257,000, it is the List of cities in Poland, 12th-largest city in Poland and the second-largest in the Pomeranian Voivodeship after Gdańsk ...
interregional lines and by a regional line heading from Česká Třebová to
Litomyšl Litomyšl (; ) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 10,000 inhabitants. It is a former bishopric and Latin Catholic titular see. Litomyšl is known for the château-type castle complex of the Lit ...
.


Sights

Mírové Square is a regular rectangular square with a floor plan preserved since the founding of the town. The square is surrounded by valuable arcaded houses. In the middle of the square is Marian column from 1737. The Baroque town hall was built in 1721–1723 and replaced the old town hall destroyed by fire. A school was built next to it in 1793. In 1850, the two buildings were structurally connected. The Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary is a late Baroque church, built in 1770–1776. The adjoining deanery building was built in 1742–1748. The Church of the Visitation of Our Lady in Horní Houžovec was built around 1800. It is a wooden rural church with an octagonal nave, valued as an example of vernacular architecture in the region. The Church of Saints Peter and Paul is located in Knapovec. It was built in the late Empire style in 1832–1834. The adjoining deanery building was built in 1742–1748.


Notable people

*
František Martin Pecháček František Martin Pecháček, also ''Francis Martin Pechatschek, Pechaczek, Behatschek'' (10 November 1763 in Ústí nad Orlicí - 26 September 1816 in Vienna) was a Bohemian violinist, pedagog, arranger and diligent composer. His son Franz Pech ...
(1763–1816), composer *
Leopold Jansa Leopold Jansa (23 March 1795 – 25 January 1875) was a violinist, composer and teacher from the Austrian Empire. Biography He was born on 23 March 1795 in Ústí nad Orlicí, Habsburg Monarchy (present day Czech Republic). He took violin lesson ...
(1795–1875), violinist and composer *
Fritz Löhner-Beda Fritz Löhner-Beda (24 June 1883 – 4 December 1942), born Bedřich Löwy, was an Austrian librettist, lyricist and writer. Once nearly forgotten, many of his songs and tunes remain popular today. He was murdered in Auschwitz III Monowitz conce ...
(1883–1942), Jewish author * Jaroslav Kocian (1883–1950), violinist *
Oldřich Marek Oldřich Marek (3 April 1911 – 26 December 1986) was a Czechs, Czech entomologist and teacher. He was a member of Czechoslovak entomological society in Prague starting in 1940. Life Oldřich Marek was born on 3 April 1911 in Ústí nad Orlicí. ...
(1911–1986), entomologist * Emila Medková (1928–1985), photographer *
Josef Lux Josef Lux (1 February 1956 in Ústí nad Orlicí – 21 November 1999 in Seattle, Washington) was a leader of the Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party who entered politics after the Velvet Revolution. He became agricultur ...
(1956–1999), politician *
Roman Dostál Roman Dostál (; born 13 July 1970) is a former Czech biathlete. He became a Biathlon World Champion on the 20 km in 2005. The victory itself was very surprising because he has never managed to come among the top three in any World Cup comp ...
(born 1970), biathlete *
Zdeňka Žádníková-Volencová Zdeňka Žádníková-Volencová (born 25 October 1974) is a Czech actress and musician, known particularly for her stage acting at . She was named Discovery of the Year at the 2005 TýTý Awards, for her role as Ivana in the Prima televize televi ...
(born 1974), actress *
Martin Netolický Martin Netolický (born 22 September 1982) is a Czech politician who has served as governor of Pardubice Region since 2012. He has been a member of Regional Assembly of Pardubice Region since 2008 and Member of City Assembly of Česká Třebová s ...
(born 1982), politician *
Michal Šlesingr Michal Šlesingr (; born 3 February 1983) is a Czech former biathlete. Biathlon results All results are sourced from the International Biathlon Union. Olympic Games :''*The mixed relay was added as an event in 2014.'' World Championships ''3 ...
(born 1983), biathlete *
Ondřej Moravec Ondřej Moravec (; born 9 June 1984) is a former Czech biathlete. Life and career Moravec represented the Czech Republic at the 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018. At the 2014 Winter Olympics, he won silver medals in both the pursuit and the mixed re ...
(born 1984), biathlete *
Jaroslav Kulhavý Jaroslav Kulhavý (; born 8 January 1985 in Ústí nad Orlicí), is a Czech mountain biker Career For the first time, he became more aware of himself in 2003, when he became junior champion of the world and Europe. As a result, he also looked ...
(born 1985), mountain biker, Olympic winner *
Kamil Vacek Kamil Vacek (born 18 May 1987) is a Czech professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for FK Pardubice. A former national team player for the Czech Republic, Vacek has played club football in numerous countries. Club career Serie A In 2 ...
(born 1987), footballer


Twin towns – sister cities

Ústí nad Orlicí is twinned with: *
Amberg Amberg () is a Town#Germany, town in Bavaria, Germany. It is located in the Upper Palatinate about halfway between Regensburg and Bayreuth. History The town was first mentioned in 1034 with the name Ammenberg. It became an important trading c ...
, Germany *
Bystrzyca Kłodzka Bystrzyca Kłodzka (, ) is a historic town in Kłodzko County, in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in southwestern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Gmina Bystrzyca Kłodzka. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 9,773. The old town ...
, Poland *
Massa Martana Massa Martana (near the well attested ancient site of the ''Vicus Martis Tudertium'' on the Via Flaminia) is an ancient Italian town and ''comune'' in the Monti Martani mountain range in the province of Perugia (Umbria). It is 10 km N o ...
, Italy * Neukölln (Berlin), Germany *
Poprad Poprad (; ; ) is a city in northern Slovakia at the foot of the High Tatras, High Tatra Mountains, famous for its picturesque historic centre and as a holiday resort. The largest town of the Spiš region and the largest of all towns in the vic ...
, Slovakia


Gallery

Ústí nad Orlicí, Hernychova vila Dm269166-4392 IMG 6650 2018-08-04 18.03.jpg, Hernych's villa Ústí nad Orlicí, Socha Panny Marie Dm447696-3780 IMG 6661 2018-08-04 18.10.jpg, Marian column Ústí nad Orlicí, Socha Bubnující legionář Dm422816-3778 IMG 6676 2018-08-05 09.20.jpg, ''Bubnující legionář'' Sculpture


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Usti nad Orlici Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in Ústí nad Orlicí District Jewish communities in the Czech Republic House of Liechtenstein