Jean-Pierre Édouard Grimard (17 April 1827 - 24 March 1909) was a French writer, educator, and botanist.

Biography

Édouard Grimard was born in Lacépède (Lot-et-Garonne) on April 17, 1827. He was a close friend of the brothers

Élisée Reclus Jacques Élisée Reclus (; 15 March 18304 July 1905) was a French geographer, writer and anarchist. He produced his 19-volume masterwork, ''La Nouvelle Géographie universelle, la terre et les hommes'' ("Universal Geography"), over a period of ...

and

Élie Reclus Élie Reclus (; July 16, 1827 – February 11, 1904) was a French ethnographer and anarchist. Biography Élie Reclus was the oldest of five brothers, born to a Protestant minister and his wife. His middle three brothers, including the well know ...

. While studying at

Montauban Montauban (, ; ) is a commune in the southern French department of Tarn-et-Garonne. It is the capital of the department and lies north of Toulouse. Montauban is the most populated town in Tarn-et-Garonne, and the sixth most populated of Oc ...

, Grimard lived with the Reclus brothers in a shared house four kilometers outside of the town and the three pursued independent studies there. On one occasion in 1849, Edouard, Élisée, and Élie walked from Montauban to the Mediterranean Sea without taking authorised leave from the school - leading, in part, to the expulsion of the Reclus brothers from the school. In 1851, he defended his thesis in

theology Theology is the study of religious belief from a Religion, religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity. It is taught as an Discipline (academia), academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itse ...

at the Faculty of Protestant Theology of

Strasbourg Strasbourg ( , ; ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est Regions of France, region of Geography of France, eastern France, in the historic region of Alsace. It is the prefecture of the Bas-Rhin Departmen ...

at the same time as Élie Reclus. His thesis was titled: "Man in the face of god, or on human individualiality". He received the degree of bachelor of theology. His thesis was titled: "Man in the face of god, or on human individualiality". Grimard was recorded as a witness to the birth of Élisée Reclus's first daughter on June 12, 1860, in Paris. Grimard taught at the Protestant College of Sainte-Foy-la-Grande from 1871 until 1881. In 1874, Grimard became a municipal councilor in Pineuilh. Grimard was then the director for the école normale at

Toulouse Toulouse (, ; ; ) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Haute-Garonne department and of the Occitania (administrative region), Occitania region. The city is on the banks of the Garonne, River Garonne, from ...

from 1881 to 1896. Grimard wrote in journals including the '' Revue des Deux Mondes'' and the ''Magasin d'éducation et de récréation'', publishing numerous works on botany. The writer

Jules Verne Jules Gabriel Verne (;''Longman Pronunciation Dictionary''. ; 8 February 1828 – 24 March 1905) was a French novelist, poet and playwright. His collaboration with the publisher Pierre-Jules Hetzel led to the creation of the ''Voyages extraor ...

used Grimard's work ''The Plant'' to discuss Australian flora as part of his novel

In Search of the Castaways ''In Search of the Castaways'' () is a novel by the French writer Jules Verne, published in 1867–68. The original edition, published by Hetzel, contains illustrations by Édouard Riou. In 1876, it was republished by George Routledge & Son ...

.Robles, F. (2011). Chapter Thirteen Journey to the Center of Humanity: Jules Verne's Popularization of Anthropology in Jules Verne's Le Village Arien. Science in the Nursery: The Popularisation of Science in Britain and France, 1761-1901, 280.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Grimard, Edouard French botanists 19th-century French botanists 19th-century French educators 1827 births 1909 deaths 19th-century French journalists French non-fiction writers People from Gironde French Protestants