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Trikāya
The Trikāya (, lit. "three bodies"; , ) is a fundamental Buddhist doctrine that explains the multidimensional nature of Buddhahood. As such, the Trikāya is the basic theory of Mahayana Buddhist theology of Buddhahood. This concept posits that a Buddha has three distinct ''kayas'' or "bodies", aspects, or ways of being, each representing a different facet or embodiment of Buddhahood and ultimate reality. The three are the '' Dharmakāya'' (Sanskrit; Dharma body, the ultimate reality, the Buddha nature of all things), the ''Sambhogakāya'' (the body of self-enjoyment, a blissful divine body with infinite forms and powers) and the ''Nirmāṇakāya'' (manifestation body, the body which appears in the everyday world and presents the semblance of a human body). It is widely accepted in Buddhism that these three bodies are not separate realities, but functions, modes or "fluctuations" (Sanskrit: vṛṭṭis) of a single state of Buddhahood. The Trikāya doctrine explains how a Buddh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhahood
In Buddhism, Buddha (, which in classic Indo-Aryan languages, Indic languages means "awakened one") is a title for those who are Enlightenment in Buddhism, spiritually awake or enlightened, and have thus attained the Buddhist paths to liberation, supreme goal of Buddhism, variously described as Enlightenment in Buddhism, awakening or enlightenment (''bodhi''), ''Nirvana (Buddhism), Nirvāṇa'' ("blowing out"), and Moksha, liberation (''vimokṣa''). A Buddha is also someone who fully understands the ''Dharma, Dhārma'', the true nature of all things or Phenomenon, phenomena (''Abhidharma, dhārmata''), the Two truths doctrine, ultimate truth. Buddhahood (Sanskrit: ''buddhatva''; or ; zh, c=成佛) is the condition and state of being a Buddha. This highest spiritual state of being is also termed ''sammā-sambodhi'' (Sanskrit: ''samyaksaṃbodhi''; "full, complete awakening") and is interpreted in many different ways across schools of Buddhism. The title of "Buddha" is most c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theology
Theology is the study of religious belief from a Religion, religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity. It is taught as an Discipline (academia), academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the supernatural, but also deals with religious epistemology, asks and seeks to answer the question of revelation. Revelation pertains to the acceptance of God, gods, or deity, deities, as not only transcendent or above the natural world, but also willing and able to interact with the natural world and to reveal themselves to humankind. Theologians use various forms of analysis and argument (Spirituality, experiential, philosophy, philosophical, ethnography, ethnographic, history, historical, and others) to help understanding, understand, explanation, explain, test, critique, defend or promote any myriad of List of religious topics, religious topics. As in philosophy of ethics and case law, arguments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhabhūmi Sūtra
The ''Buddhabhūmi-sūtra'' (Scripture on the Buddha Land, Ch: 佛說佛地經, Taishō Tripitaka no. 680) is an Indian Mahayana Buddhist sutra. The ''Buddhabhūmi-sūtra'' is associated with the Yogācāra school of Buddhism, and possibly the texts of the Maitreya corpus, especially the ''Mahāyānasūtrālamkāra'', which shares some verses with the sutra.Keenan, John P. ''A Study of the Buddhabhūmyupadeś́a: The Doctrinal Development of the Notion of Wisdom in Yogācāra Thought''. Institute of Buddhist Studies and Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai America, 2014.Keenan, John P. ''The Interpretation of the Buddha Land'', p. xiii. BDK America Inc. 2002. Main themes The main topic of the text is that a Buddha's buddhafield (''buddhakṣetra'') or pure land is ultimately a name for Buddha knowledge (''jñāna''), consisting of five factors or five jñānas. These are the Pure Dharma Realm (or Suchness, Dharmadhatu, the ultimate truth) and the four ''jñānas'': mirror-like knowledge (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Representation Of The State Of Ultimate Reality Or Vairocana Represented As A Moon Disc Atop An Enthroned Blue Lotus (Schildering Uit Reeks Over De Sarvavid Vairocana Mandala - De Ultieme Werkelijkheid)
Representation may refer to: Law and politics *Representation (politics), political activities undertaken by elected representatives, as well as other theories ** Representative democracy, type of democracy in which elected officials represent a group of people * Representation in contract law, a pre-contractual statement that may (if untrue) result in liability for misrepresentation * Labor representation, or worker representation, the work of a union representative who represents and defends the interests of fellow labor union members * Legal representation, provided by a barrister, lawyer, or other advocate * Lobbying or interest representation, attempts to influence the actions, policies, or decisions of officials * " No taxation without representation", a 1700s slogan that summarized one of the American colonists' 27 colonial grievances in the Thirteen Colonies, which was one of the major causes of the American Revolution * Permanent representation, a type of diplomatic missio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIDDHAM LETTER A
Siddham may refer to: *Siddhaṃ script, an alphabet and numeral script that originated and was used in India; now used in East Asia only **Siddham (Unicode block) * ''Siddham'' (film), a 2009 Indian Telugu-language action film See also *Siddha (other) Siddha is a Sanskrit term meaning "one who is accomplished"; has mastered, or has mastery over pure consciousness/knowledge ( chit). * Siddhar; Chittar, a variant English spelling Siddha may refer to: * Siddha, in Hinduism and Jainism, a person w ... * Sidh (other) {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bardo
In some schools of Buddhism, ''bardo'' ( Wylie: ''bar do'') or ''antarābhava'' (Sanskrit, Chinese and Japanese: 中有, romanized in Chinese as ''zhōng yǒu'' and in Japanese as ''chū'u'') is an intermediate, transitional, or liminal state between death and rebirth. The concept arose soon after Gautama Buddha's death, with a number of earlier Buddhist schools accepting the existence of such an intermediate state, while other schools rejected it. The concept of ''antarābhava'' was brought into Buddhism from the Vedic- Upanishadic (later Hindu) philosophical tradition. Later Buddhism expanded the bardo concept to six or more states of consciousness covering every stage of life and death. In Tibetan Buddhism, ''bardo'' is the central theme of the '' Bardo Thodol'' (literally ''Liberation Through Hearing During the Intermediate State''), the ''Tibetan Book of the Dead'', a text intended to both guide the recently deceased person through the death bardo to gain a better rebirth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eight Consciousnesses
The Eight Consciousnesses (Skt. ''aṣṭa vijñānakāyāḥ'') are a classification developed in the tradition of the Yogacara, Yogācāra school of Mahayana Buddhism. They enumerate the five sense consciousnesses, supplemented by the mental consciousness (''manovijñāna''), the defiled mental consciousness (''kliṣṭamanovijñāna''), and finally the fundamental store-house consciousness (''ālāyavijñāna''), which is the basis of the other seven.Waldron, William S. The Buddhist Unconscious: The Alaya-vijñana in the context of Indian Buddhist Thought. Routledge Critical Studies in Buddhism, 2003, page 97 This eighth consciousness is said to store the impressions (''vasanas, vāsanāḥ'') of previous experiences, which form the seeds (''bīja'') of future karma in this life and in the next after Rebirth (Buddhism), rebirth. Eightfold network of primary consciousnesses All surviving schools of Buddhist thought accept – "in common" – the existen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bodhisattva
In Buddhism, a bodhisattva is a person who has attained, or is striving towards, '' bodhi'' ('awakening', 'enlightenment') or Buddhahood. Often, the term specifically refers to a person who forgoes or delays personal nirvana or ''bodhi'' in order to compassionately help other individuals reach Buddhahood. In the Early Buddhist schools, as well as modern Theravāda Buddhism, bodhisattva (or bodhisatta) refers to someone who has made a resolution to become a Buddha and has also received a confirmation or prediction from a living Buddha that this will come to pass. In Theravāda Buddhism, the bodhisattva is mainly seen as an exceptional and rare individual. Only a few select individuals are ultimately able to become bodhisattvas, such as Maitreya. In Mahāyāna Buddhism, a bodhisattva refers to anyone who has generated '' bodhicitta'', a spontaneous wish and compassionate mind to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings. Mahayana bodhisattvas are spiritua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tathāgata
Tathāgata () is a Pali and Sanskrit word used in ancient India for a person who has attained the highest religious goal. Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, used it when referring to himself or other past Buddhas in the Pāli Canon. Likewise, in the Mahayana corpus, it is an epithet of Shakyamuni Buddha and the other celestial buddhas. The term is often thought to mean either "one who has thus gone" (''tathā-gata''), "one who has thus come" (''tathā-āgata''), or sometimes "one who has thus not gone" (''tathā-agata''). This is interpreted as signifying that the Tathāgata is beyond all coming and going – beyond all transitory phenomena. There are, however, other interpretations and the precise original meaning of the word is not certain.Chalmers, RobertThe Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1898. pp.103-115/ref> The Buddha is quoted on numerous occasions in the Pali Canon as referring to himself as ''the Tathāgata'' instead of using the pronouns ''me'', ''I'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibetan Buddhist Canon
The Tibetan Buddhist canon is a compilation of the Buddhist sacred texts recognized by various schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The Canon includes the Kangyur, which is the Buddha's recorded teachings, and the Tengyur, which is commentaries by great masters on the Buddha's recorded teachings. The first translation into Tibetan of these manuscripts occurred in the 8th century and is referred to as the ''Ancient Translation School'' of the Nyingmas. The Tibetan Canon underwent another compilation in the 14th century by Buton Rinchen Drub (1290–1364). Again, the Tibetans divided the Buddhist texts into two broad categories: * Kangyur () or "Translated Words or Vacana", consists of works to have been said by the Buddha himself. All texts presumably have a Sanskrit original, although in many cases the Tibetan text was translated from Pali, Chinese, or other languages. * Tengyur () or "Translated Treatises or Shastras", is the section to which were assigned commentaries, treatis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Light Sutra
The Golden Light Sutra or (; ) is a Buddhist text of the Mahayana branch of Buddhism. In Sanskrit, the full title is ''Suvarṇaprabhāsottamasūtrendrarājaḥ'' "The King of Sutras on the Sublime Golden Radiance" History The sutra was originally written in India in Sanskrit and was translated several times into Chinese by Dharmakṣema and others, and later translated into Tibetan and other languages. Johannes Nobel published Sanskrit and Tibetan editions of the text. The sutra is influential in East Asia. The name of the sutra derives from the chapter called "The Confession of the Golden Drum", where the bodhisattva Ruchiraketu dreams of a great drum that radiates a sublime golden light, symbolizing the dharma or teachings of Śākyamuni Buddha. The ''Golden Light Sutra'' became one of the most important sutras in China and Japan because of its fundamental message, which teaches that the Four Heavenly Kings ( zh, t=四大天王, p=Sì Dàtiānwáng) protect the ruler w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madhyanta-vibhaga-karika
The Madhyāntavibhāgakārikā ( zh, t=辯中邊論頌, p=Biàn zhōng biān lùn sòng), or Verses Distinguishing the Middle and the Extremes is a key work in Buddhist philosophy of the Yogacara school attributed in the Tibetan tradition to Maitreya-nātha and in other traditions to Asanga. Text The ''Madhyānta-vibhāga-kārikā'' consists of 112 verses (''kārikā'') which delineate the distinctions (''vibhāga'') and relationship between the middle (''madhya'') view and the extremes (''anta''); it contains five chapters: Attributes (''laksana''), Obscurations (''āvarana''), Reality (''tattva''), Cultivation of Antidotes (''pratipakṣa-bhāvanā'') and the Supreme Way (''yānānuttarya''). Along with Chinese, Tibetan and Mongolian translations, the text survives in a single Sanskrit manuscript discovered in Tibet by the Indian Buddhologist and explorer, Rahul Sankrityayan. The Sanskrit version also included a commentary (''bhāsya'') by Vasubandhu. An important sub-c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
