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Red Cell Antigens
A blood type (also known as a blood group) is based on the presence and absence of antibody, antibodies and Heredity, inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system. Some of these antigens are also present on the surface of other types of Cell (biology)#Eukaryotic cells, cells of various Tissue (biology), tissues. Several of these red blood cell surface antigens can stem from one allele (or an alternative version of a gene) and collectively form a blood group system. Blood types are inherited and represent contributions from both parents of an individual. As of October 2024, a total of 47 human blood group systems are recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT). The two most important blood group systems are ABO blood group system, ABO and Rh blood group system, Rh; they determine someone's blood type (A, B, AB, and O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ABO Blood Type
The ABO blood group system is used to denote the presence of one, both, or neither of the A and B antigens on erythrocytes (red blood cells). For human blood transfusions, it is the most important of the 47 different blood type (or group) classification systems currently recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusions (ISBT) as of December 2022. A mismatch in this serotype (or in various others) can cause a potentially fatal Blood transfusion#Adverse effects, adverse reaction after a transfusion, or an Organ rejection, unwanted immune response to an organ transplant. Such mismatches are rare in modern medicine. The associated anti-A and anti-B antibodies are usually IgM antibodies, produced in the first years of life by sensitization to environmental substances such as food, bacteria, and viruses. The ABO blood types were discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1901; he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1930 for this discovery. ABO blood types are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
