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Grasshopper
Grasshoppers are a group of insects belonging to the suborder Caelifera. They are amongst what are possibly the most ancient living groups of chewing herbivorous insects, dating back to the early Triassic around 250 million years ago. Grasshoppers are typically ground-dwelling insects with powerful hind legs which allow them to escape from threats by leaping vigorously. Their front legs are shorter and used for grasping food. As hemimetabolous insects, they do not undergo complete metamorphosis; they hatch from an egg into a Nymph (biology), nymph or "hopper" which undergoes five moults, becoming more similar to the adult insect at each developmental stage. The grasshopper hears through the tympanal organ which can be found in the first segment of the abdomen attached to the thorax; while its sense of vision is in the compound eyes, a change in light intensity is perceived in the simple eyes (ocelli). At high population densities and under certain environmental conditions, som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caelifera
The Caelifera are a suborder of orthopteran insects. They include the grasshoppers and grasshopper-like insects, as well as other superfamilies classified with them: the ground-hoppers ( Tetrigoidea) and pygmy mole crickets ( Tridactyloidea). The latter should not be confused with the mole crickets ( Gryllotalpidae), which belong to the other Orthopteran sub-order Ensifera. The name of this suborder comes from Latin meaning ''chisel-bearing'' ("chisel" in Latin: ''caelum''), referring to the "stout" shape of its species' ovipositors. Subdivisions and their distribution The Caelifera include some 2,400 valid genera and about 12,000 known species. Many undescribed species probably exist, especially in tropical forests. The Caelifera have a predominantly tropical distribution (as with most Orthoptera) with fewer species known from temperate climate zones. Caelifera are divided into two infraorders: the more basal Tridactylidea and the Acrididea or grasshopper-like species. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Locust
Locusts (derived from the Latin ''locusta'', locust or lobster) are various species of short-horned grasshoppers in the family Acrididae that have a swarming phase. These insects are usually solitary, but under certain circumstances they become more abundant and change their behaviour and habits, becoming gregarious. No taxonomic distinction is made between locust and grasshopper species; the basis for the definition is whether a species forms swarms under intermittently suitable conditions; this has evolved independently in multiple lineages, comprising at least 18 genera in 5 different subfamilies. Normally, these grasshoppers are innocuous, their numbers are low, and they do not pose a major economic threat to agriculture. However, under suitable conditions of drought followed by rapid vegetation growth, serotonin in their brains triggers dramatic changes: they start to breed abundantly, becoming gregarious and nomadic (loosely described as migratory) when their populat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schistocerca Americana
''Schistocerca americana'' is a species of grasshopper in the family Acrididae known commonly as the American grasshopperSquitier, J. M. and J. L. Capinera''Schistocerca americana'' (Drury).Entomology and Nematology. University of Florida IFAS. and American bird grasshopper.Alborn, H. T., et al. (2007)Disulfooxy fatty acids from the American bird grasshopper ''Schistocerca americana'', elicitors of plant volatiles.''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences'' 104(32) 12976-81. It is native to North America, where it occurs in the eastern United States, Mexico, and the Bahamas. Occasional, localized outbreaks of this grasshopper occur, and it is often referred to as a locust,Greenlee, K. J. and J. F. Harrison. (2004)Development of respiratory function in the American locust ''Schistocerca americana'' I. Across-instar effects.''Journal of Experimental Biology'' 207(3) 497-508. though it lacks the true swarming form of its congener, the desert locust (''S. gregaria'').Thomas, M. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rainbow Grasshopper
''Dactylotum bicolor'', also known as the rainbow grasshopper, painted grasshopper, or the barber pole grasshopper, is a species of grasshopper in the family Acrididae. It is native to the United States, Canada and northern Mexico and exhibits aposematism (warning coloration). It was first described by the German entomologist Toussaint de Charpentier in 1843. Description ''Dactylotum bicolor'' grows to an average length of about for males and for females. It is mainly black with distinctive reddish and yellowish markings, a pale green prothorax and pale green wingpads. The tibia of the hind leg bears six to eight spines. This species does not develop wings and is unable to fly. Three subspecies are recognised: * ''D. b. bicolor'' – Northern Texas, New Mexico and Mexico * ''D. b. pictum'' – Northern and eastern part of range * ''D. b. variegatum'' – Southern Arizona and western part of range The coloring varies across the insect's range, with ''D. b. pictum'' being b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camouflage
Camouflage is the use of any combination of materials, coloration, or illumination for concealment, either by making animals or objects hard to see, or by disguising them as something else. Examples include the leopard's spotted coat, the battledress of a modern soldier, and the leaf-mimic katydid's wings. A third approach, motion dazzle, confuses the observer with a conspicuous pattern, making the object visible but momentarily harder to locate. The majority of camouflage methods aim for crypsis, often through a general resemblance to the background, high contrast disruptive coloration, eliminating shadow, and countershading. In the open ocean, where there is no background, the principal methods of camouflage are transparency, silvering, and countershading, while the bioluminescence, ability to produce light is among other things used for counter-illumination on the undersides of cephalopods such as squid. Some animals, such as chameleons and octopuses, are capable of Active ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrgomorphoidea
Pyrgomorphidae is a family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera; it is the only family in the superfamily Pyrgomorphoidea. Pyrgomorphidae are found worldwide in tropical and warm temperate regions (though none are from US mainland), but the vast majority of the family's approximately 500 species are from Africa, Asia and Australia. Their name is probably derived from ''pyrgos'' (Greek: ''Πύργος'') meaning "tower": a reference to the form (''morph'') of the head in the type genus ''Pyrgomorpha'' and other genera. They may sometimes be known as "gaudy grasshoppers", due to the striking, bright aposematic colouration of a number of genera, warning of their toxicity. However, about 90% of the species in the family are harmless and well-camouflaged, with a few, notably ''Sphenarium'', even caught for human consumption. Subfamilies and tribes Incomplete list of genera and species: Subfamily Orthacridinae All tribes and selected genera only are shown here: * Tribe Brunnie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acrididea
Acrididea including the Acridomorpha is an infraorder of insects that describe the grasshoppers (thus also locusts) and ground-hoppers. It contains a large majority of species in the suborder Caelifera and the taxon Acridomorpha may also be used, which excludes the Tetrigoidea. Both names are derived from older texts, such as Imms,Imms AD, rev. Richards OW & Davies RG (1970) ''A General Textbook of Entomology'' 9th Ed. Methuen 886 pp. which placed the "short-horned grasshoppers" and locusts at the family level (Acrididae). The study of grasshopper species is called acridology. Acridomorpha The ''Orthoptera Species File'' lists the following superfamilies: most families and species belong to the Acridoidea. * Acridoidea (MacLeay, 1821) * Eumastacoidea Burr, 1899 ** Chorotypidae Stål, 1873 ** Episactidae Burr, 1899 ** Eumastacidae Burr, 1899 ** Euschmidtiidae Rehn, 1948 ** Mastacideidae Rehn, 1948 ** Morabidae Rehn, 1948 ** † Promastacidae Kevan & Wighton, 1981 ** T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bush-cricket
Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America) or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned grasshoppers". More than 8,000 species are known. Part of the suborder Ensifera, the Tettigoniidae are the only extant (living) family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea. Many species are nocturnal in habit, having strident mating calls and may exhibit mimicry or camouflage, commonly with shapes and colours similar to leaves.[] Etymology The family name Tettigoniidae is derived from the genus ''Tettigonia'', of which the Tettigonia viridissima, great green bush cricket is the type species; it was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. In Latin ''tettigonia'' means a kind of small cicada, leafhopper; it is from the Greek τεττιγόνιον ''tettigonion'', the diminutive of the imitative (onomatopoeic) τέττιξ, ''tettix'', cicada. All of these names such as ''tettix'' with repeated sounds are onomatopoeic, imit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pneumoroidea
The Pneumoridae are a family of nocturnal short-horned grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera, commonly known as the bladder grasshoppers and the sole representative of the superfamily Pneumoroidea. Their centre of diversity is in southern Africa, but one species occurs as far north as South Sudan. Most adult males acquire an inflated abdomen, a specialization for amplified sound production, which is likely its primary function. Most genera display striking sexual dimorphism, and several species exhibit a dual male phenotype. Description They are nocturnal, specialized herbivores which (with few exceptions) are endemic to coastal regions of southern Africa. The smallest species is '' Pneumoracris browni'' occurring in the Succulent Karoo ecoregion, while the largest is the wide-ranging Afromontane forest species, '' Physophorina livingstoni''. Sexual dimorphism The body length of adult males vary from 11.5 to 68.0 mm, and that of females from 22.0 to 107 mm. Males of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acridology
Orthopterology is the scientific study of the order Orthoptera, which includes grasshoppers, crickets, locusts and some other insects. Someone that studies in this field is an orthopterist. The term is derived from the Ancient Greek words (''orthós'') and (''pterón''), meaning ''straight'' and ''wing'' respectively, with the English suffix ''-logy''.This ultimately derives from Greek , but via Latin ''-logia'' and French ''-logie''. A notable branch of orthopterology is , which focuses on locusts and grasshoppers in the family Acrididae and is relevant to famine prevention. Famous orthopterists * Boris Uvarov, often called the father of acridology. * Daniel Otte * Henri de Saussure Henri is the French form of the masculine given name Henry (given name), Henry, also in Estonian, Finnish, German and Luxembourgish. Bearers of the given name include: People French nobles * Henri I de Montmorency (1534–1614), Marshal and Cons ... Societies * Association for Applied Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insect
Insects (from Latin ') are Hexapoda, hexapod invertebrates of the class (biology), class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (Insect morphology#Head, head, Thorax (insect anatomy), thorax and abdomen (insect anatomy), abdomen), three pairs of jointed Arthropod leg, legs, compound eyes, and a pair of antenna (biology), antennae. Insects are the most diverse group of animals, with more than a million described species; they represent more than half of all animal species. The insect nervous system consists of a insect brain, brain and a ventral nerve cord. Most insects reproduce Oviparous, by laying eggs. Insects Respiratory system of insects, breathe air through a system of Spiracle (arthropods), paired openings along their sides, connected to Trachea#Invertebrates, small tubes that take air directly to the tissues. The blood therefore does not carry oxygen; it is only partly contained in ves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trigonopterygoidea
The Trigonopterygoidea are an insect superfamily in the Orthoptera: Caelifera The Caelifera are a suborder of orthopteran insects. They include the grasshoppers and grasshopper-like insects, as well as other superfamilies classified with them: the ground-hoppers ( Tetrigoidea) and pygmy mole crickets ( Tridactyloidea). ....Species File (Version 5.0/5.0; retrieved 20 December 2022) Sometimes described as leaf grasshoppers, American species in the Xyronotidae have also been called razor-backed bush-hoppers. Families and distribution The ''Orthoptera Species File'' lists two families: *[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
